Abstract: A method of applying tumor treating fields to a subject's body includes: inducing a modulated electric field between a first transducer and a second transducer to treat a tumor of the subject's body, wherein the first transducer is located at a first location of the subject's body, and wherein the second transducer is located at a second location of the subject's body.

Abstract: A transducer apparatus for delivering tumor treating fields to a subject's body, the transducer apparatus including: an array of electrodes, the array configured to be positioned over the subject's body with a front face of the array facing the subject's body, the array including electrode elements; and an anisotropic material layer electrically coupled to the array of electrodes and located on a front side of the front face of the array, the anisotropic material layer including a front face and a back face, the back face facing the array of electrodes. The anisotropic material layer further includes a hole passing through the front face and the back face of the anisotropic material layer, wherein the electrode elements are positioned around the hole of the anisotropic material layer.

Abstract: A transducer array for use in tumor-treating fields (TTFields) therapy is particularly suited for use in treating abdominal or thoracic cancers. The transducer array has features that increase its flexibility and adhesion to the patient's skin, including a branching configuration and a correspondingly branching top covering adhesive-backed layer. Additionally, a skin-level adhesive layer is provided beneath the flex circuit to which the electrode elements are attached, to help ensure thorough, lasting adhesion of the transducer array to the patient's skin over the course of treatment.

Abstract: A transducer array for use in tumor-treating fields (TTFields) therapy is particularly suited for use in treating abdominal or thoracic cancers. The transducer array has features that increase its flexibility and adhesion to the patient's skin, including a branching configuration and a correspondingly branching top covering adhesive-backed layer. Additionally, a skin-level adhesive layer is provided beneath the flex circuit to which the electrode elements are attached, to help ensure thorough, lasting adhesion of the transducer array to the patient's skin over the course of treatment.

Abstract: Compositions, systems, and methods for reducing viability of cancer cells and treating cancer, as well as preventing an increase of volume of a tumor present in a body of a living subject, are disclosed. The systems and methods involve application of an alternating field concurrently with administration of at least one composition comprising at least one killer cell (such as, but not limited to, at least one natural killer (NK) cell or at least one cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell).

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described for interacting with images, segmenting the images, and determining one or more regions of interest within the images.

Abstract: Methods of reducing the viability of cancer cells, preventing cancer cells of a subject from developing resistance to TTFields, and restoring sensitivity of cancer cells to TTFields by recommending or prescribing a PTGER3 inhibitor to a subject and applying an alternating electric field to the cancer cells are provided. In some instances, sensitivity of cancer cells to TTFields can be restored with one or more PTGER3 inhibitors (e.g., NSAIDs, cox2 inhibitors).

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described for managing temperatures induces my alternating electric fields by selectively activating/deactivating electrodes of a pair of transducer arrays according to defined parameters.

Abstract: Conventional transducer arrays for applying tumor treating fields (TTFields) include a set of individual electrode elements, and the more peripherally-located electrode elements (e.g., electrode elements at the corners or edges of the transducer arrays) tend to get hotter than the more centrally located electrode elements. This situation can be ameliorated by reducing the capacitance of the more peripherally-located electrode elements. Reducing the capacitance of those elements reduces the current that travels through those elements (at any given voltage), which reduces the temperature of those elements. Once the capacitance of the more peripherally-located electrode elements is reduced, higher voltages can be used without overheating. This leads to an increase in the overall current, which can improve the efficacy of the TTFields treatment.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described for optimizing placement of transducer arrays on a patient.

Abstract: This application describes a variety of approaches for generating high voltage sinusoidal signals whose output voltage can be adjusted rapidly, without introducing high-frequency artifacts on the output. When these approaches are used, stronger electric fields can be applied to the tumor for a higher percentage of time, which can increase the efficacy of TTFields therapy. In some embodiments, this is accomplished by preventing adjustments to a DC power source during times when the output of that DC power source is powering the output signal. In some embodiments, this is accomplished by synchronizing the operation of an AC voltage generator and an electronic switch that is connected to the output of the AC voltage generator.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method comprising: obtaining a three-dimensional model of a subject; identifying a radiation therapy region in the model for delivering radiation therapy to a tumor of the subject, the radiation therapy region comprising a first and second radiation therapy regions to respectively receive a first and second dosage of radiation therapy; identifying a tumor treating fields therapy region in the model for delivering tumor treating fields therapy to the tumor, the tumor treating fields therapy region comprising the first radiation therapy region; identifying a first dosage for the tumor treating fields therapy for the first radiation therapy region to compensate for the first dosage of radiation therapy being smaller than the second dosage of radiation therapy; and selecting one or more transducer layouts for delivering tumor treating fields to the subject based on the first dosage for the tumor treating fields therapy for the first radiation therapy region.

Abstract: Tumor treating fields (TTFields) can be delivered to a subject's body at higher field strengths by switching off one or more electrode elements that are overheating without switching off other electrode elements that are not overheating. This may be accomplished using a plurality of temperature sensors, with each of the temperature sensors positioned to sense the temperature at a respective electrode element; and a plurality of electrically controlled switches, each of which is wired to switch the current to an individual electrode element on or off. A controller input signals from the temperature sensors to determine the temperature at each of the electrode elements, and controls the state of the control input of each of the electrically controlled switches to selectively switch off the current or adjusted the duty cycle at any electrode element that is overheating.

Abstract: Due to the directional nature of tumor treating fields (TTFields), increasing the number of directions at which TTFields are applied can increase the efficacy and volume of the TTFields treatment. The approaches described herein rely on five sets of electrode elements positioned on the subject's body to induce TTFields in three or more directions. The first, second, third, and fourth sets are positioned on the anterior, posterior, right, and left portions of the subject's body, respectively. And the fifth set is positioned on a different posterior location. Treatment proceeds by applying alternating voltages between (a) the anterior set and the posterior set; (b) the left set and the right set; and (c) the fifth set and at least one of the anterior, left, and right sets during successive time slots. This approach can increase the volume that is covered by TTFields and also provide thermal management benefits.

Abstract: When transducer arrays (i.e., arrays of electrode elements) are used to apply alternating electric fields (e.g., tumor treating fields or TTFields) to a subject's body, the subject may experience electrosensation. This electrosensation can be ameliorated by changing the way the voltage increases from zero to its peak when the AC voltage is initially applied to the transducer arrays.

Abstract: Compositions, systems, and methods for reducing viability of cancer cells and treating cancer, as well as preventing an increase of volume of a tumor present in a body of a living subject, are disclosed. The systems and methods involve application of an alternating field concurrently with administration of at least one composition comprising at least one chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-immune cell.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method to generate a three-dimensional model, wherein the computer comprises one or more processors and memory accessible by the one or more processors, and the memory stores instructions that when executed by the one or more processors cause the computer to perform the computer-implemented method, includes: receiving first image data of a first portion of the patient's body in a first image modality, receiving second image data of a second portion of the patient's body in a second image modality, modifying the second image data from the second image modality to the first image modality, and generating, based on the first image data in the first image modality and the modified second image data in the second image modality, a three-dimensional model of the first portion and the second portion of the patient's body.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for imposing electric fields through a target region in a body of a patient are described. Generally, the apparatus includes at least one transducer array and a connector electrically connected to the at least one transducer array. The connector has at least one indicator electrical connector configured to provide feedback related to a status of the connector.

Abstract: A transducer apparatus for delivering tumor treating fields to a subject's body, including: a substrate; an electrode element coupled to the substrate; a layer of anisotropic material electrically coupled to the electrode element, wherein the electrode element is located between the substrate and the layer of anisotropic material having a front face and a back face, wherein the back face of the layer of anisotropic material faces the electrode element; a non-conductive material border disposed over an outer perimeter of the layer of anisotropic material, the non-conductive material border being electrically non-conductive, wherein, when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the front face of the layer of anisotropic material: an inner edge of the non-conductive material border overlaps a portion of the front face of the layer of anisotropic material, and an outer edge of the non-conductive material border extends outside the outer perimeter of the layer of anisotropic material.

Abstract: Alternating electric fields can be applied to a subject's body by (a) applying alternating voltages between electrode elements positioned on four primary non-overlapping regions on the subject's body during a first interval of time; and (b) applying alternating voltages between other electrode elements positioned on four secondary non-overlapping regions on the subject's body during a second interval of time. None of the secondary regions overlap any of the primary regions, and the first and second intervals of time are nonoverlapping. Due to the nonoverlapping nature in both space and time, the incidence of skin irritation will be reduced. And to the extent that skin irritation does occur during a given interval of time, it will have an opportunity to heal during the subsequent interval of time.