Abstract: A nanowire comprises a polar semiconductor material that is compositionally graded along the nanowire from a first end to a second end to define a polarization doping profile along the nanowire from the first end to the second end. The polar semiconductor material may comprise a group IH-nitride semiconductor, such as an alloy of GaN and AlN, or an alloy of GaN and InN. Such nanowires may be formed by nucleating the first ends on a substrate, growing the nanowires by depositing polar semiconductor material on the nucleated first ends on a selected growth face, and compositionally grading the nanowires during growth to impart the polarization doping. The direction of the compositional grading may be reversed during the growing of the nanowires to reverse the type of the imparted polarization doping. In some embodiments, the reversing forms n/p or p/n junctions in the nanowires.

Abstract: Antiviral protease inhibitors, including peptidyl aldehydes, peptidyl ?-ketoamides, peptidyl bisulfate salts, and peptidyl heterocycles, are disclosed, along with related antiviral compounds, and methods of using the same to treat or prevent viral infection and disease. The compounds possess broad-spectrum activity against viruses that belong to the picornavirus-like supercluster, which include important human and animal pathogens including noroviruses, enteroviruses, poliovirus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, hepatitis A virus, human rhinovirus (cause of common cold), human coronavirus (another cause of common cold), transmissible gastroenteritis virus, murine hepatitis virus, feline infectious peritonitis virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.

Abstract: Compositions comprising therapeutic oligonucleotide miR-3151 compounds that target the expression of genes associated with tumorigenesis or cell transformation are provided.

Abstract: Methods of reducing spontaneous mutation rate of a cell in a subject in need thereof by reducing endogenous levels of miR-155 are described.

Abstract: A sugar-anchor polymer and methods of making and using the same to stabilize a lipid membrane. The sugar-anchor polymer includes a sugar covalently bound to a first anchor and a second anchor wherein the covalent bonds are selected from the group consisting essentially of an oxime bond, a hydrazone bond, an acylhydrazide bond, an aminothioacetal bond, an acetal bond, a thioacetal bond, a dithioacetal bond, a thioether bond and combinations thereof. The method includes reacting a sugar having at least two nucleophilic moieties with at least two anchors, each anchor having at least one electrophilic moiety, to form the polymer. Alternatively, the method includes reacting a sugar having at least two electrophilic moieties with at least two anchors, each anchor having at least one nucleophilic moiety, to form the polymer. The anchors may be lipids or peptides. The sugar-anchor polymers stabilize lipid membranes against serum proteins, dehydration, and cryopreservation.

Abstract: Pyridazine derivatives that activate the excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), and methods use thereof for treating or preventing diseases, disorders, and conditions associated with glutamate excitotoxicity.

Abstract: MicroRNA profiles transition from normal breast to ductal carcinoma in situ and transition to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and methods of use thereof are described. Methods of diagnosis and prognosis using microRNA signatures to differentiate invasive from in situ carcinoma are described. Also described is the use of microRNA expression for predicting overall survival and time to metastasis.

Abstract: MicroRNA profiles transition from normal breast to ductal carcinoma in situ and transition to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and methods of use thereof are described. Methods of diagnosis and prognosis using microRNA signatures to differentiate invasive from in situ carcinoma are described. Also described is the use of microRNA expression for predicting overall survival and time to metastasis.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and compositions for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of breast cancer. The invention also provides methods of identifying anti-breast cancer agents.

Abstract: A DC/DC flyback converter that exhibits reduced switch and transformer voltage stresses in comparison to known flyback converters. The flyback converter also employs soft switching. Embodiments of such flyback converters may be used, without limitation, in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. A front-stage of the flyback converter comprises a DC/AC step-down circuit that may be separately used for various purposes.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for treating prostate cancer using microRNAs. Also described are methods and compositions for the diagnosis and treatment of solid cancers. Methods of identifying inhibitors of tumorigenesis are also provided.

Abstract: Described herein is the discovery that miR-21 targets and down-regulates the core mismatch repair (MMR) recognition protein complex hMSH2 and hMSH6. Anti-sense miR-21 is therefore proven as therapeutic herein. Therefore, compositions, kits, therapies and other methods, including methods of treatment/amelioration of symptoms, are disclosed herein.

Abstract: Methods for assessing a pathological condition in a subject include measuring one or more markers where a difference is indicative of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or a predisposition to ALL, uses and compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the treatment of prostate associated disorders are disclosed.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancers. Methods of identifying inhibitors of tumorigenesis are also provided.

Abstract: A system for converting fuel is provided and includes a first reactor comprising a plurality of ceramic composite particles, the ceramic composite particles comprising at least one metal oxide disposed on a support, wherein the first reactor is configured to reduce the at least one metal oxide with a fuel to produce a reduced metal or a reduced metal oxide; a second reactor configured to oxidize at least a portion of the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the said first reactor to produce a metal oxide intermediate; a source of air; and a third reactor communicating with said source of air and configured to regenerate the at least one metal oxide from the remaining portion of the solids discharged from the said first reactor and the solids discharged from the said second reactor by oxidizing the metal oxide intermediate.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions for the treatment of colon cancers.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the treatment of prostate associated disorders are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the treatment of prostate associated disorders are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the treatment of prostate associated disorders are disclosed.