Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-step process for producing HAN that is free of ammonium nitrate. The process comprises the steps of: (a) stripping ammonia from an ammonia-containing, aqueous hydroxylamine solution having a hydroxylamine concentration of at least 10% by weight based upon the weight of the hydroxylamine solution, by contacting the ammonia-containing hydroxylamine solution with a stripping agent selected from the group consisting of inert gases and steam to provide an ammonia-free, aqueous hydroxylamine solution, and (b) reacting the ammonia-free, aqueous hydroxylamine solution with aqueous nitric acid having an acid concentration of at least about 0.1%, preferably at least about 20%, based upon the weight of the aqueous nitric acid, to produce ammonium nitrate-free HAN. In another process embodiment of the invention, the above-described ammonia stripping step is not required, and the hydroxylamine concentration is at least about 0.

Abstract: An electronic package having improved thermal performance. In the case of a plastic package, the inner ends of the leads of the lead frame are attached to a heat slug by a high thermal conductivity material such as solder or a polymeric material. In the case of a metal package, the inner ends of the leads of the leadframe are attached to the metal base component by a high thermal conductivity material.

Abstract: There is provided a component for use in electronic packaging. The component is a composite having a graphite matrix which is infiltrated with a metal or a metal alloy and the external surfaces of the composite then coated with a metallic layer to provide environmental and mechanical protection. The packaging components are lightweight, have a coefficient of thermal expansion close to that of a silicon based integrated circuit device and further, have a high coefficient of thermal conductivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a gel-free dispersion or solution of copper pyrithione employing at least one surfactant. Also claimed is the dispersion or solution itself, as well as a solid particulate copper pyrithione composition comprising copper pyrithione particles having a particle shape selected from the group consisting of rods, spheres, needles, platelets and combinations thereof, and optionally containing at least a trace amount of a surfactant on the outer surface of at least a portion of said particles.

Abstract: This invention relates to a multi-step process for preparing a storage-stable dispersion of a biocide which comprises the steps of: (a) contacting a heat-swellable resin with a carrier to provide a liquid mixture of a resin and a carrier, (b) heating said liquid mixture to an elevated temperature to cause the resin to swell by virtue of carrier absorption into the resin to provide a swelled resin in said liquid mixture, and (c) adding a biocide to said swelled resin and mixing to provide a homogeneous, storage-stable liquid dispersion.

Abstract: There is provided a two-stage system for expelling a liquid fuel component from a main fuel tank to a rocket engine. A first vessel contains a first gas pressurized to the desired operating pressure at a minimum operating temperature. Since the first gas is subject to pressure increase due to environmental heating, opening a first valve exposes the pressurized first gas to a pressure relief valve, returning the pressure to the desired operating pressure. Subsequent opening of a second valve causes the pressurized first gas to displace a partition, such as a piston, expelling a desired quantity of the fluid. A gas generator converts the fluid to a second gas that expels a desired quantity of fuel from a main fuel tank. The two-stage system is at an equilibrium pressure. The only active control required for the system is a controller to meter the flow of fuel from the main fuel tank to the engine.

Abstract: There is provided a machinable .alpha.+.beta. brass containing bismuth and phosphorous. By maintaining the phosphorous content within a critical range, the alloy exhibits good elevated temperature tensile elongation in the temperature range of 100.degree. C.-350.degree. C. without a decrease in machinability due to phosphide formation. In preferred embodiments, the alloy further contains a tin addition for enhanced corrosion resistance. The combination of tin and phosphorous provides enhanced corrosion resistance to the alloy than could be predicted from either addition alone.

Abstract: There is disclosed components for electronic packaging applications having integral bumps. A leadframe is formed by etching a metallic strip from one side to form outwardly extending, substantially perpendicular integral bumps. The metallic strip is then etched from the opposite side to form individual leads. When the integrally bumped component is an package base, fatigue of solder balls is reduced.

Abstract: A cylinder for transporting hazardous material such as hypergole material which is fabricated from stainless steel and includes a containment system for containing any spillage in the event of malfunction during loading and unloading. The cylinder also includes a bottom skirt, attached to the lower head of the pressure vessel, and which contains a pocket assembly for the reception of fork lift and pallet lift equipment. A locking system is provided for the valves which will prevent accidental opening or closing of the valve.

Abstract: A process for reducing trace levels of metallic impurities in cyclized polyisoprene resin is disclosed. The process reduces trace levels of metallic impurities in cyclized polyisoprene resin by washing an impure organic solvent/cyclized polyisoprene resin solution at least once with a heated aqueous acidic solution, and subsequently washing the resin at least once with heated water.

Abstract: A process of removing trace metal impurities from an impure resist component solution comprising the steps of:(1) forming an impure resist component solution containing trace amounts of dissolved metallic impurities, the resist component solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl lactate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, propylene glycol methyl ethyl acetate, or mixtures thereof;(2) contacting said impure resist component solution with a mixture of cyclohexane and isopropyl acetate and with an aqueous acidic solution for a sufficient amount of time to form a first two-phase reaction mixture comprising a first aqueous phase containing metallic impurities extracted from said impure resist component solution and a first organic phase containing said resist component solution with a reduced amount of trace metal impurities;(3) separating said first aqueous phase from said first organic phase;(4) contacting said first organic phase with a mixture of water and resist component solvent

Abstract: There is disclosed a metallic bladder that is inflated by a gaseous stream generated by a gas generator. The inflatable metallic bladder is useful as a side impact air bag for motorized vehicles. The heat dissipating capability of the metallic bladder permits the use of energetic chemical compositions that generate a high temperature gas and very rapidly inflate the metallic bladder. The heat conducted by the gas is dissipated by the metallic bladder avoiding harm to occupants.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for suppressing a fire. The apparatus includes a gas generator containing as a propellant, a mixture of a fuel, strontium nitrate as an oxidizer, and magnesium carbonate. When the propellant is ignited, a nitrogen rich effluent is generated that is effective to suppress the fire. By providing the propellant with at least 35%, by weight, of magnesium carbonate, the generation of effluent by-products that are corrosive to aluminum is inhibited.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an antimicrobial composition characterized by synergistic antibacterial efficacy against Gram-negative bacteria and comprising an antimicrobially effective amount of a pyrithione salt or pyrithione acid, and an alcohol, preferably an aromatic alcohol. Also disclosed is a method of imparting antimicrobial activity to a composition comprising water or an organic solvent which comprises adding thereto an antimicrobially effective amount of the above-described antimicrobial composition.

Abstract: A noncorrosive post-etch residue cleaning composition containing:(a) 1-70% by weight of an organic polar solvent having a dipole moment of more than 3.5;(b) 1-70% by weight of selected amine compounds having at least one hydroxyl group and a boiling point higher than 150.degree. C. at atmospheric pressure;(c) 0.1-10% by weight of selected amino acid having at least one hydroxyl group;(d) 1-20% by weight of selected redox reagent having a redox potential in the range between +1.0 V and -2.0 V vs. SHE (at pH=7); and(e) 0-90% by weight of water.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for suppressing a fire. The apparatus includes a gas generator charged with a combustive propellant. Upon ignition, the combustive propellant generates a copious volume of gas. The gas is directed by a first conduit to a chamber containing a packed powder that is effective to suppress a fire. A second conduit directs the gas driven packed powder to the fire. In one embodiment, the fire suppressing packed powder is magnesium carbonate.

Abstract: There is provided a molded plastic electronic package having improved thermal dissipation. A thermal dissipator, such as a heat spreader or a heat slug is partially encapsulated in the molding resin. The thermal dissipator has a density less than that of copper and a coefficient of thermal conductivity that is constant or increases as the package periphery is approached.

Abstract: There is disclosed an arcjet starter for igniting and sustaining an electric arc in an arcjet thruster. The arcjet starter is capable of delivering a short duration, high voltage pulse for igniting the arc and then providing a continuous low voltage, high amperage current for sustaining the arc. The starter has two separate magnetics, one for initiating breakdown in the arcjet and another for sustaining breakdown during steady state operation.

Abstract: A method and analyzer for monitoring the progress of a chemical process in which a fixed volume sample of the reactive mixture of the chemical process is periodically gathered and injected into a fluid stream of a liquid carrier. The sample in the liquid carrier is passed through an infrared detector which detects the amount present in the sample of a species of the reaction mixture which is indicative of the progress of the chemical process.

Abstract: There are disclosed processing methods to improve the properties of copper base alloys containing chromium and zirconium. One method of processing results in a copper alloy having high strength and high electrical conductivity. A second method of processing results in a copper alloy with even higher strength and a minimal reduction in electrical conductivity. While a third method of processing results in a copper alloy having improved bend formability.