Abstract: A wrapper for smoking articles such as cigarettes, cigars and the like containing at least 15% by weight magnesium oxide or its hydrate and at least 0.5% by weight of a specific chemical adjuvant such as the alkali metal acetates, carbonates, citrates, nitrates or tartrates. The combination of magnesium oxide or its hydrate with any of the chemical adjuvants significantly reduces visible sidestream smoke that emanates during static burning from smoking articles employing the wrapper. The wrapper may comprise conventional cigarette paper with magnesium oxide and the adjuvant incorporated therein as the filler in the paper furnish or either or both of the additives may be applied to the paper as a coating. Wrappers containing the additives can be used in place of conventional wrappers for smoking articles or used as an inner wrapper for the tobacco column in combination with a conventional outer wrapping of cigarette paper or cigar wrap.

Abstract: A method is presented for recovering mercury from mercury-containing liquids in which the liquids are contacted with particles of metallic silver. The method produces highly purified liquids which may be employed in applications having a low mercury tolerance such as the production of food or drug products.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for the preparation and delivery of semi-solid thixotropic metal slurries for use in metal forming processes such as the rheocast and thixocast processes. The method includes inducing turbulent motion within the metal during solidification by electromagnetic or electrodynamic techniques under controlled temperature conditions so as to produce a highly fluid semi-solid slurry with a degenerate dendritic structure comprising solid spheroids dispersed in liquid. In the method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, flow of the thixotropic metal slurry from the vibrating chamber is controlled by electromagnetic techniques and may be continuous or semi-continuous.

Abstract: A non-adherent glove-like diaphragm structure for use in an electrolysis cell. The diaphragm structure has a finger means with an open upper end, and closed lower end, and a middle section connecting the upper and lower end. The lower end is perforated so as to receive an anode riser therethrough. The diaphragm structure also includes a border for attaching the finger to the upper edge of the cathode so as to separate the cathode from the anode and the anolyte of the electrolytic cell.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for forming an opening in a composite metal panel on an edge of the panel at a position wherein the opening is to be formed and hammered to delineate a bond interface. The opening is formed between the sheets of the panel and inwardly of the edge thereof starting from the delineated bond interface. The opening is adapted to provide a means for communicating a fluid under pressure for inflating tubular passageways in the panel.

Abstract: Disclosed are selected amino ester derivatives of 3-trihalomethyl-1,2,4-thiadiazole compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a CCl.sub.3 or CF.sub.3 group; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen or a lower alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; x is from 1 to 4; and y is from 1 to 5. These compounds are shown to have herbicidal properties.

Abstract: A jumper system for electrically by-passing one of a series of electrolytic cells without interrupting current flow through the remaining cells is disclosed. The jumper system includes two L-shaped conductors, a switch for electrically connecting the conductors, and a contact pressuring device for remotely moving the conductors into pressurized contact with the cell preceding and the cell following the cell to be disconnected.

Abstract: A process for cooling and drying wet chlorine gas with concentrated sulfuric acid in which in the final drying stage the acid is maintained at a temperature which cools the chlorine gas to its compression temperature.The process produces a cool, very dry chlorine gas, is energy efficient and permits optimum design of the chlorine compressor to reduce capital expense requirements.

Abstract: Disclosed are selected thiolcarbamate derivatives of 3-trihalomethyl-1,2,4-thiadiazole compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a CCl.sub.3 or CF.sub.3 group; R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R.sub.3 is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. These compounds are shown to have post-emergence herbicidal properties.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of dyeing hydrophobic textile fibers, particularly polyesters, with disperse dyes using 2,4,4,4-tetrachlorobutyl acetate as a dye carrier. Also disclosed are dye carrier compositions comprising the above chemical in combination with at least one emulsifier.

Abstract: Disclosed are selected 3-trichloromethyl-5-cyclic amine-1,2,4-thiadiazole compounds. These compounds can be applied to or spread upon soil by themselves or in inert carriers or with nitrogen-containing fertilizers to inhibit ammonium nitrification in the soil.

Abstract: Novel surface active agents are disclosed having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group; each R' is independently selected from the same group as R with the proviso that at least a majority of R' radicals attached to each Si atom are sterically hindered alkyl groups having at least 3 carbon atoms; each R''' independently is selected from hydrogen or methyl; and n is an integer of from about 10 to about 75.

Abstract: A method for producing high porosity, high carbon content cigarette papers in which a paper substrate having an initial Filtrona porosity of at least 10,000 air permeability units is coated with an aqueous suspension containing from 10 to 50% by weight finely divided carbon, up to 3% by weight of a water-soluble binder, and from 0.5 to 3% by weight of an alkali metal carbonate and thereafter dried resulting in a coated paper having a Filtrona porosity of not less than 5,000 air permeability units.

Abstract: Disclosed are 1-halo- and 1-lower alkoxy-4-trichloromethylphthalazines as novel compositions of matter and their use as fungicides or insecticides or both.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is provided for forming an opening in a composite metal panel. The edge of the panel is hammered to delineate a bond interface. The hammering includes both moving a hammering member to and fro against the edge while simultaneously rocking the member about the edge. This provides improved delineation of the bond interface for further processing.

Abstract: Disposal of effluent solutions containing sodium sulfate in an ecologically safe and economically sound manner is accomplished in a process which admixes the effluent with the aqueous solution used as the mining solution in salt deposits. The effluent-containing mining solution is injected into the brine well to dissolve sodium chloride while inhibiting the dissolution of soluble calcium compounds. Brine recovered from the wells has a reduced concentration of dissolved calcium.

Abstract: A copper base alloy and process having high strength, high electrical conductivity and reduced quench sensitivity. The alloy consists essentially of from about 0.05 to 1.25% by weight chromium, from about 0.05 to 1.0% by weight zirconium, from about 0.01 to 0.15% by weight iron, and the balance essentially copper.

Abstract: Aqueous waste streams containing recoverable chlorine are reacted with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hypohalite, such as sodium hypochlorite, to form an aqueous salt solution of an alkali metal halide, such as sodium chloride, and an alkaline earth metal hypohalite, such as calcium hypochlorite. Thereafter the aqueous salt solution is admixed with an organic alcohol to form an organic-aqueous salt solution. A gas containing chemically bound oxygen, such as carbon dioxide, is reacted with the organic-aqueous salt solution to form a slurry of solid particles of calcium carbonate suspended in a liquid mixture. The solid particles of calcium carbonate are separated from the liquid mixture.The aqueous phase containing sodium chloride may be recycled for use as a reactant in a chlor-alkali electrolytic cell. The organic phase containing organic hypochlorite may be used as a chlorinating agent or may be treated with an acid, such as hydrochloric acid, to reclaim free chlorine.

Abstract: Disclosed are selected biuret derivatives of 3-trihalomethyl-1,2,4-thiadiazole compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a CCl.sub.3 or CF.sub.3 group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, separately, are either hydrogen or a lower alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are either hydrogen or a lower alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms or an acyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, with the proviso that either R.sub.4 or R.sub.5, or both, must be a hydrogen.

Abstract: A process is provided for solvent recovery from a hot gaseous mixture comprised of ammonia, carbon dioxide, cyanuric acid particles, and solvent vapors. The process comprises scrubbing the hot gaseous mixture with a liquid solvent to remove the cyanuric acid particles and to form a scrubbed gaseous mixture. The scrubbed gaseous mixture is cooled to form condensed liquid solvent and a cooled gaseous mixture containing traces of the solvent. The temperature of the cooled gaseous mixture is kept above that at which ammonium carbamate is formed by the reaction of ammonia with carbon dioxide. Condensed liquid solvent is separated from the cooled gaseous mixture and the cooled gaseous mixture is contacted with additional liquid solvent to form a substantially solvent-free gaseous mixture.