Abstract: An electrolyser (F) for generating hydrogen from water, the electrolyser comprising an electrode (102), the electrode (120) comprising nanoparticles selected from Group 1 nanoparticles or alloys or composites or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutant forms of CsgG. The invention also relates to analyte detection and characterisation using CsgG.

Abstract: A method of amplifying a target polynucleotide, comprising: providing a template polynucleotide comprising a 5? hairpin, a target polynucleotide and a 3? hairpin, wherein the 5? hairpin comprises one or more non-canonical nucleotides and contacting the template polynucleotide with a polymerase and canonical nucleotides, wherein the polymerase extends, using the canonical nucleotides, the target polynucleotide from its 3? end to form a first extended polynucleotide comprising the 5? hairpin at its 5? end and the complement of the 5? hairpin at its 3? end, wherein the complement of the 5? hairpin forms a 3? hairpin; and the polymerase extends the first extended polynucleotide from its 3? end to form a second extended polynucleotide comprising the 5? hairpin at its 5? end and the complement of the 5? hairpin at its 3? end, wherein the complement of the 5? hairpin forms a 3? hairpin.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutant forms of CsgG. The invention also relates to analyte detection and characterization using CsgG.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a method for producing a pool of fragments derived from a microbial protein. The disclosure also concerns a pool of fragments derived from a microbial protein, and a method for determining the presence or absence of immune cells targeting a microbe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel protein pores and their uses in analyte detection and characterisation. The invention particularly relates to an isolated pore complex formed by a CsgG-like pore and a modified CsgF peptide, or a homologue or mutant thereof, thereby incorporating an additional channel constriction or reader head in the nanopore. The invention further relates to a transmembrane pore complex and methods for production of the pore complex and for use in molecular sensing and nucleic acid sequencing applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to particles, particularly virus-like particles (VLPs), comprising fusion polypeptides comprising selected repeat units derived from the repeating regions of Type I and Type II circumsporozoite proteins (CSP) of Plasmodium vivax (Pv), together with an amino acid sequence derived from the C-terminal PvCSP sequence. In some embodiments, the fusion polypeptide additionally comprises an amino acid sequence derived from the N-terminal PvCSP sequence and/or a surface antigen polypeptide derived from Hepatitis B virus (HBV-S). The invention also relates to nucleotide sequences coding for such fusion polypeptides, vectors and plasmids comprising such nucleotide sequences, and host cells comprising such vectors and plasmids. The invention additionally relates to compositions, particularly vaccine compositions, comprising the fusion polypeptides or VLPs for use as vaccines for the prevention of malaria.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new method of determining the presence, absence or characteristics of an analyte. The analyte is coupled to a membrane. The invention also relates to nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: The present invention describes a new functional biomarker of vascular inflammation and its use in predicting all-cause or cardiac mortality. The invention also provides a method for stratifying patients according to their risk of all-cause or cardiac mortality using data gathered from a computer tomography scans of a blood vessel to determine a specific combination of structural and functional biomarkers of vascular inflammation and disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides a computer system and method for clustering data points. The system comprises a computer server and a client device, wherein the computer server is configured to: store a dataset comprising a plurality of data points; determine a plurality of candidate clusters for the plurality of data points, where each candidate cluster corresponds to a respective set of the plurality of data points; determine, for each candidate cluster, one or more properties of that candidate cluster; and transmit, to the client device, a sample of the plurality of data points, information indicative of the plurality of candidate clusters, and information indicative of the one or more properties determined for each candidate cluster.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutant forms of lysenin. The invention also relates to analyte characterisation using the mutant forms of lysenin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a layer of a crystalline A/M/X material, which crystalline A/M/X material comprises a compound of formula [A]a[M]b[X]c, wherein: [M] comprises one or more first cations, which one or more first cations are metal or metalloid cations; [A] comprises one or more second cations; [X] comprises one or more halide anions; a is an integer from 1 to 6; b is an integer from 1 to 6; and c is an integer from 1 to 18, wherein the process comprises disposing on a substrate a precursor composition comprising: (a) a first precursor compound comprising a first cation (M), which first cation is a metal or metalloid cation; and (b) a solvent, and wherein the solvent comprises: (i) a non-polar organic solvent which is a hydrocarbon solvent, a chlorohydrocarbon solvent or an ether solvent; and (ii) a first organic amine comprising at least three carbon atoms. Also described are compositions useful in the process of the invention.

Abstract: Devices for sampling gastro-intestinal material are disclosed. In one arrangement a device comprises a capsule body that has a sample input valve. A suction mechanism is provided that is capable of generating a partial vacuum within the capsule body and thereby drawing gastro-intestinal material into the capsule body through the sample input valve. An actuator actuates the suction mechanism. The actuator comprises a dissolvable element and is configured so that the dissolvable element dissolves in a predetermined region of the gastro-intestinal tract and the dissolving of the dissolvable element causes actuation of the suction mechanism. The suction mechanism comprises a biasing member restrained by the dissolvable element prior to actuation of the suction mechanism. The dissolving of the dissolvable element releases the biasing member. The biasing member expands a sample chamber within the capsule body on release of the biasing member, and generates the partial vacuum within the capsule body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of adenosine receptor modulators to affect the circadian rhythm, in particular, to the use of such modulators for the treatment of circadian rhythm disorders. In particular, the invention relates to a composition comprising at least one selective adenosine receptor modulator, wherein said composition modulates two or three, but not all of adenosine receptor subtypes A1, A2A, A2B and/or A3 for use in the treatment of circadian rhythm disorders or for modulating a biological clock.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for manufacturing a microfluidic arrangement are disclosed. In one arrangement, a continuous body of a first liquid is provided in direct contact with a first substrate. A second liquid covers the first liquid. A separation fluid, immiscible with the first liquid, is propelled through at least the first liquid and into contact with the first substrate along all of a selected path on the surface of the first substrate. First liquid that was initially in contact with all of the selected path is displaced away from the selected path. The first liquid is divided to form sub-bodies of first liquid that are separated from each other. For each of one or more of the sub-bodies, a sub-body footprint represents an area of contact between the sub-body and the first substrate, and all of a boundary of the sub-body footprint is in contact with a closed loop of the selected path surrounding the sub-body footprint.

Abstract: A superconducting quantum computing circuit package (1). The package contains a substrate (2) on which a circuit is formed, the circuit including a plurality of circuit elements. The substrate (2) includes holes (8) arranged between the circuit elements which extend through a thickness of the substrate (2). The package also contains a holder (3) with a surface (9) on which the substrate (2) is received, and a cover (4) arranged on an opposite side of the substrate (2). The holder (3) and the cover (4) are formed from a metal and/or a superconductor. The holder (3) also contains projections (12) arranged on and projecting from the surface (9). The projections (12) protrude through the holes (8) in the substrate (2) and contact the cover (4) so to suppress electromagnetic modes in the frequency range of operation of the quantum computing circuit.

Abstract: A method for determining the presence, absence or amount of two or more target polynucleotides in a sample comprising additional components, the method comprising: (i) contacting the sample with a panel of two or more probes under conditions suitable for hybridisation of the target polynucleotides to the probes, wherein: (a) each probe comprises a non-hybridisation region and a hybridisation region that specifically hybridises to one of the target polynucleotides to form a hybridised probe; and (b) the hybridisation region of a probe of the panel comprises one or more non-natural nucleotides; (ii) contacting the sample prepared in step (i) with a transmembrane pore through which a single stranded polynucleotide but not a double stranded polynucleotide can pass and applying a potential difference to the transmembrane pore such that the hybridised probes in the sample interact with the pore; (iii) measuring current blockades having a duration within a defined window, wherein: (a) the one or more non-natu

Abstract: Provided herein is a method of characterising a target polynucleotide as it moves with respect to a nanopore using a motor protein. Also provided are polynucleotide adapters and kits comprising such adapters. The methods, kits and adapters find use in characterising polynucleotides, for example in sequencing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detection of analyte interaction with a channel molecule held in a membrane, comprising the optical detection of a modification in the flux of a signal molecule as it passes through the channel molecule by the action of a membrane potential, wherein the modification in the flux is caused by at least partial blockage of the channel molecule by the analyte. The invention further relates to bilayer arrays, components, methods of manufacture and use.

Abstract: A multi-junction photovoltaic device comprises a first sub-cell and a second sub-cell, the second sub-cell overlying the first sub-cell such that incident light passes through the second sub-cell before the first sub-cell. The light-receiving surface of the second sub-cell comprises a layer of a transparent conductive material and one or more metal tracks extending in a first direction and in contact with the layer of transparent conductive material. A layer of electrically insulating material is provided on the light receiving surface of the second sub-cell located under one end of the one or more metal tracks at an edge of the device, and an electrically conductive pad is provided over the layer of electrical insulator and in electrical contact with the one or more metal tracks to provide electrical contact to an external circuit.