Abstract: Multi-element dual polarized antenna apparatus and methods of utilizing and manufacturing the same. The antenna apparatus includes two planar antenna elements. One antenna element is configured to communicate RF waves characterized by a first polarization and another antenna element is configured to communicate RF waves characterized by second polarization. Feed elements are disposed such that their longitudinal axes are parallel with one another while their transverse axes are disposed perpendicular with one another. Individual feed elements include planar feed structures disposed on sides of the feed elements that are facing the same quadrant. Arranging the antenna feed structure using the above configuration provides for an antenna characterized by improved improved port to port isolation and/or improved cross polarization discrimination without the use of additional components.

Abstract: Wireless wide area network (WWAN) antenna with integrated sensor and methods of using the same. In one embodiment, an antenna subsystem and proximity sensing subsystem share a grounded antenna component/parasitic element. The parasitic element can be used to broaden the operating band of the antenna feeding component and provide an input (via a capacitance change) to a proximity sensor. The parasitic element is, in one embodiment, coupled in parallel to the proximity sensor allowing for a reduction in noise due to increased isolation between the antenna subsystem and the sensing subsystem.

Abstract: Systems and methods for communicating downhole signals using a mud pulser. The method includes encoding data collected from a downhole sensor as symbols into electrical pulses received by the mud pulser; transmitting the electrical pulses as pressure pulses through using the mud pulser; converting the pressure pulses into full wave pressure signals; processing the full wave pressure signals to recover the symbols; and decoding the symbols to provide the data.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an in vivo treatment of a skin lesion of a mammal comprising application of electrical energy to the skin lesion in a form of electrical pulses. At least one electrical pulse is applied. The pulse duration may be at least 1 nanosecond at the full-width-half-maximum. This treatment may prevent at least growth of the lesion.

Abstract: Wireless wide area network (WWAN) antenna with integrated sensor and methods of using the same. In one embodiment, an antenna subsystem and proximity sensing subsystem share a grounded antenna component/parasitic element. The parasitic element can be used to broaden the operating band of the antenna feeding component and provide an input (via a capacitance change) to a proximity sensor. The parasitic element is, in one embodiment, coupled in parallel to the proximity sensor allowing for a reduction in noise due to increased isolation between the antenna subsystem and the sensing subsystem.

Abstract: An electrode connectable to a pulse generator is disclosed. The electrode includes therapeutic terminals configured to deliver the pulse to a patient, first and second electrical pulse inlet holes, and a first pulse input terminal. The first pulse input terminal is in the first electrical pulse inlet hole and is spaced apart from an entrance to the first electrical pulse inlet hole by more than about 2.5 cm. Also, first pulse input terminal is connected with one or more of the therapeutic terminals. The electrode also includes a second pulse input terminal, where the second pulse input terminal is in the second electrical pulse inlet hole and is spaced apart from an entrance to the second electrical pulse inlet hole by a distance greater than about 2.5 cm. Also, the second pulse input terminal is electrically connected with one or more of the therapeutic terminals.

Abstract: Virtual private network (VPN)-related techniques are described. The techniques provide intuitive mechanisms by which a client device more efficiently establishes a VPN connection. In one example, a client device includes a memory, processor(s), and a VPN handler. The VPN handler is configured to monitor actions initiated by one or more applications executable by the programmable processor(s), and determine whether each of the initiated actions requires a VPN connection via which to transmit outbound data traffic corresponding to a respective application of the one or more applications. The VPN handler is further configured to, in response to a detection that at least one initiated action requires the VPN connection via which to transmit the outbound data traffic, automatically establish the VPN connection to couple the client device to an enterprise network, and transmit the outbound data traffic corresponding to the respective application, via the VPN connection.

Abstract: In-building dual-polarized antenna apparatus components, assemblies, and methods for manufacturing and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, the dual-polarized ceiling mount antenna apparatus comprises a multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) device and is constructed to meet one or more aesthetically-related design goals such as e.g., being visually appealing. Specifically, only the horizontally polarized antenna element of the exemplary MIMO apparatus is visible as the remainder of the MIMO antenna apparatus is hidden from view above a ceiling tile. Moreover, the radome of the horizontally polarized antenna element is manufactured from a substantially translucent polymer cover and includes a “thin” radiating mesh. Resident above the ceiling tile, and normally obscured from view, is a vertically polarized antenna element along with an optional reflector element.

Abstract: A chassis-excited antenna apparatus, and methods of tuning and utilizing the same. In one embodiment, a distributed loop antenna configuration is used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone). The antenna comprises two radiating elements: one configured to operate in a high-frequency band, and the other in a low-frequency band. The two antenna elements are disposed on different side surfaces of the metal chassis of the portable device; e.g., on the opposing sides of the device enclosure. Each antenna component comprises a radiator and an insulating cover. The radiator is coupled to a device feed via a feed conductor and a ground point. A portion of the feed conductor is disposed with the radiator to facilitate forming of the coupled loop resonator structure.

Abstract: Antenna systems that make use of an integrated proximity sensor or other sensor in order to implement a closed loop antenna selection system. In one embodiment, the antenna system is implemented within an exemplary portable wireless device and includes as its primary components for implementing the closed loop antenna selection system: a proximity sensor/microcontroller unit (MCU); a switching apparatus; a baseband front end module (FEM); and a number of antenna modules. The integrated proximity sensor/MCU detects the presence (influence) of a user's hand, or other loading by any other dielectric or metal component, through measurements that take place through the antenna modules and selects the appropriate RF path for transmission and/or reception by the mobile device. Methods of using and testing the aforementioned antenna systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a system for external manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles in vasculature using a remotely placed magnetic field-generating stator. In one embodiment, the systems and methods relate to the control of magnetic nanoparticles in a fluid medium using permanent magnet-based or electromagnetic field-generating stator sources. Such a system can be useful for increasing the diffusion of therapeutic agents in a fluid medium, such as a human circulatory system, which can result in substantial clearance of fluid obstructions, such as vascular occlusions, in a circulatory system resulting in increased blood flow. Magnetic nanoparticles are provided having a non-specialized chemical coating facilitating association with a chemical composition by a user before infusion. Systems are provided for delivering a consistent infusion mass of magnetic nanoparticles to a patient.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an in vivo treatment of a skin lesion of a mammal comprising application of electrical energy to the skin lesion in a form of electrical pulses. At least one electrical pulse is applied. The pulse duration may be at least 0.01 nanoseconds at the full-width-at-half-maximum. This treatment may at least prevent growth of the lesion.

Abstract: Techniques for treating a tumor and vaccinating against cancer are described. The techniques include treating the tumor by positioning electrodes over an interface between the tumor and non-tumor tissue and applying sub-microsecond pulsed electric fields. The positioning is facilitated by an imaginary contour line of a threshold value of the electric field. In an example, the imaginary contour line is overlaid over images that include the tumor such that the electrodes are properly positioned over the tumor. The techniques also include vaccinating against cancer by passing sub-microsecond pulsed electric fields through tumor cells of a subject sufficient to cause the tumor cells to express calreticulin on surface membranes. The tumor cells are extracted and introduced with the expressed calreticulin into the subject or another subject, thereby providing a vaccination.

Abstract: A conductive element such as an antenna, for use in electronic devices, including mobile devices such as cellular phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, and wireless tablets, and methods of, and apparatus for, forming the same. In one exemplary aspect, the present disclosure relates to a conductive antenna formed using deposition of conductive fluids as well as the method and equipment for forming the same. In one embodiment, a complex (3D) conductive trace is formed using two or more different print technologies via creation of different domains within the conductive trace pattern.

Abstract: An optimization of electrical characteristics for treatments of tumor or other abnormal cells in culture with sub-microsecond, high-electric field electrical pulses is disclosed. The voltages, pulse widths, and number of pulses are chosen such that the treatment energy is 10-20 J/mL. That is, U=n*?t*V*I/volume is 10-20 J/mL, in which n is the number of pulses, ?t is the duration of each pulse, V is the voltage, I is current, and volume is the area of parallel electrodes times the distance between them. V divided by the distance between the electrodes can be in an effective range of 6 kV/cm to 30 kV/cm, 60 kV/cm, 100 kV/cm, or higher intensities. Rows of needle electrodes, blade electrodes, or other configurations of electrodes can approximate parallel electrodes.

Abstract: A low-cost and high-precision current sensing device and methods for use and manufacturing. In one embodiment, the current sensing apparatus comprises a Rogowski-type coil which is manufactured in segments so as to facilitate the manufacturing process. In an exemplary embodiment, the current sensing apparatus segments comprise a number of bobbin elements that are wound and subsequently formed into complex geometric shapes such as torus-like shapes. In an alternative embodiment, bonded windings are utilized which allow the segments to be formed without a bobbin or former. In yet another alternative embodiment, the aforementioned current sensing devices are stacked in groups of two or more. Methods of manufacturing and using the aforementioned current sensing apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for transparently intercepting and optimizing resource requests are described. Some embodiments can send a request to a server. In response to the request, the embodiments can receive a first script and at least a second script from the server, wherein the first script includes instructions for intercepting invocations to a set of functions, and wherein the second script includes at least one invocation to at least one function in the set of functions. The first script can then be executed, thereby causing subsequent invocations to each function in the set of functions to be intercepted by a corresponding resource optimization handler. Next, the second script can be executed. When the executing second script invokes a function in the set of functions, the invocation of the function can be intercepted, and a resource optimization handler corresponding to the function can be invoked instead of invoking the function.

Abstract: The pulse applicator includes a first arm, including a first electrode, a second arm, including a second electrode, and a spacer. The first arm, the spacer, and the second arm are movably connected, and define a gap between the first arm and the second arm. The first electrode, the gap, and the second electrode are selectively alignable, and the first electrode and the second electrode are configured to deliver an electrical field across the gap in response to an electrical pulse received across the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: A method of testing a therapeutic pulse generator circuit is disclosed. The method includes charging the pulse generator circuit to a first charge voltage, with the pulse generator circuit, delivering a first voltage pulse to a load through an electrode, and determining an impedance of the load with the first voltage pulse. The method also includes comparing the impedance with an expected impedance, as a result of the comparison, determining to deliver a second voltage pulse to the load based, and delivering the second voltage pulse to the load, where at least one of the first and second voltage pulses is therapeutic to the load.

Abstract: Methods for pulse combustion spray drying of heat-sensitive protein compositions using high temperature pulsating jets to atomize and dry the feed simultaneously are described herein. Methods and compositions described herein provide dried protein-containing compositions with low protein denaturation and other useful functional properties at high operational efficiencies.