Abstract: The hydraulic regulating device for an automatic transmission having a selector valve for selecting a plurality of gear stages, includes a high pressure conduit, a working pressure conduit and a shift pressure conduit, a plurality of coupling elements assigned to respective gears, a single, pressure regulating valve electromagnetically controlled by a control signal to build up or decrease pressure in the shift pressure conduit, holding valves connected between the working pressure conduit and the shift pressure conduit, and shift control valves connected to the shift pressure conduit and cooperating with the holding valves to connect, in response to an increased gear, the coupling elements pertaining to the higher gear in a preselected gear stage, to the shift pressure conduit and, upon completion of the gear shift operation, to connect via the working pressure conduit the coupling elements to the high pressure conduit with the exception of the last actuated coupling element who remains connected to the shif

Abstract: A tire-pressure regulating system is proposed with which the air pressure in the vehicle tires can be varied while driving. The tires are connected to supply lines in which rotor connections, control valves, flow restrictive elements and an adjustable regulating valve are disposed. A relay valve and an axle valve are incorporated following the regulating valve.By means of guiding the supply line in and at the axle valve in a particular manner, an acceleration of the pressure equalization process is attained.The tire-pressure regulating device is preferably usable in trucks and trailer trucks.

Abstract: To reduce the axial length of an alternator, so that it can be attached, for example, to the end wall (10) of an automotive engine having a stub shaft (11) projecting therefrom, a transmission housing, clutch housing, or the like, a support structure (22, 122) has ring-shaped axially extending portions (23, 45, 145) the outer ones of which retain the armature (12, 13) typically three phase, and the inner one retains the outer races of ball bearings (35, 36; 76a, 135, 136), the inner races of which are secured to axially inwardly extending portions (31, 131) of a claw pole rotor having claw poles rotating within the gap formed by a field structure (20, 120) and the stationary windings so that the ring-shaped axial inner projection (45, 145) of the support structure interengages and overlaps the axially extending inner projection (31, 131) of the claw pole structure, and the ball bearings are placed in essential alignment with the stator core and the field core, and positioned within two parallel planes (37, 38

Abstract: A method and apparatus are proposed for the combined guidance, incorporating a register, of two continuously advanced foil strips, such as when attaching a foil cover strip to a lower foil strip including container-like recesses. The foil cover strip is preferably of aluminum and has printed legends which must be oriented precisely with respect to the container-like recesses of the lower foil strip. A marking is associated with each legend for scanning by a photo cell. The distribution of the legends and thus of the markings is somewhat closer together than the distribution of the container-like recesses. By stretching the foil cover strip, the distribution of the legends and of the markings can be adapted to the distribution of the container-like recesses.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve is proposed for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, which serves to supply fuel into the intake tubes of the engine. The injection valve includes a movable valve element which cooperates with a fixed valve seat. Downstream of the valve seat a bore is provided in the valve body. A charge controlling device in the form of an insert having a section having axially extending flutes thereon is pressed into the bore. The insert has a section on its end away from the fixed valve seat that functions as a metering section. The metering section has a diameter smaller than the internal diameter of the bore, with the metering of fuel taking place in the space thus provided. A diversion means downstream of the charge controlling device serves to divert fuel flow from a valve in a radially extending fan-type spray into an intake tube.

Abstract: To provide for high efficiency of recuperation of energy stored in the rotating and electromagnetic system of a dynamo electric machine, upon dynamic braking thereof, in which the dynamo electric machine is connected in a chopper-controlled series circuit, a field diode (10) is connected across the field winding (11); a controlled switch (18), for example a transistor or a thyristor, is connected to the junction between the field winding (11) and the aramature (12, 13) and a return line (N) to a storage battery, the controlled switch being controlled to close by a control circuit (19) which opens a brake switch (16) connected between the battery and the dynamo electric machine series circuit under motor operating conditions, to provide for continued current flow through the field, which then is reversely connected by a field reversal switch (8, 9), with continued current flow being maintained by a free-wheeling diode (10) connected across the field.

Abstract: The hydraulic system has an adjustable pump for delivering pressure fluid to a plurality of loads, multiway control valve assigned to respective loads and means for adjusting the flow of the pressure fluid to the working conditions of the loads, the adjusting device includes measuring throttles provided in the switching passages of respective control valves and a flow regulating device having a differential piston displaceable by the pressure difference at the outlet of the pump and at the outlet of the measuring throttle of the activated control valve. The differential piston controls a branched stream of high pressure fluid from the pump to control an actuator in the form of a cylinder and piston unit mechanically coupled to the adjusting member for the pump.

Abstract: A wind powered turbine of the vertical axis type having rotor blades (3) carried on a rotor arm (2), in which the blades can be reefed to reduce torque on the turbine. The blades have two portions (6, 7) pivotable with respect to one another by the reefing means so as to move from a position parallel to the rotation axis to a position at which they form an angle about a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.

Abstract: To prevent external acceleration or deceleration forces from affecting the linear speed of a tape of a tape transport mechanism, counter-rotating masses are formed by the counter or pressure roller (13) engaging the tape and pressing the tape against the capstan (4'), the respective moments of inertia about the respective axes of rotation, and the respective radii being selected in accordance with the relationship ##EQU1## wherein j.sub.1 is the moment of inertia of the drive system about the axis of rotation of the drive capstan (4');r.sub.1 is the radius of the drive capstan (4');j.sub.2 is the moment of inertia of the counter or pressure roller (13) about its axis of rotation (14); andr.sub.2 is the radius of the counter or pressure roller (13).

Abstract: An applicator head is disclosed which accumulates, feeds, cuts and presents a preselected length of ribbon-like material. A first pneumatic cylinder is connected to a pivoting arm which controls accumulation and feeding steps, while a second pneumatic cylinder operates an applicator arm, to cut and present the material. The connection of the pivoting arm, relative to the first cylinder, determines the length of the cut material or ribbon segment.

Abstract: A temperature sensor is proposed which is intended in particular for measuring the temperature of the air aspirated by an internal combustion engine which operates by electronic fuel injection. The temperature sensor includes a carrier body receiving electrical connections and a temperature-dependent electrical resistor element which is surrounded by a protective sheath. The protective sheath has apertures which permit free access to the temperature-dependent electrical resistor element by the medium to be measured. The protective sheath is advantageously capable of being connected in a positively-engaged manner with a protruding catch of the carrier body. As a consequence of the free access of the medium to be measured to the temperature-dependent electrical resistor element, a very short response time on the part of the temperature sensor to changes in temperature is assured.

Abstract: There is proposed a fuel injection pump wherein the full load feed quantity is defined by a speed-dependent correction of the maximum full load quantity. The pump comprises a control device which acts on a stop lever via a stop piston. The stop lever receives the full load stop and determines the position of a flow quantity adjustment member. The stop piston is connected with a control diaphragm which separates a control chamber from a spring chamber and comprises a bore which is connected to the suction chamber of the pump and in which a control piston is provided so as to be slidable in opposition to the force of a control spring. The control chamber is connected to the suction chamber via a throttle orifice.

Abstract: The knock sensing equipment has a control circuit which generates gating signals for dividing the operation into a measuring phase and a test phase. In the latter, the possible malfunction of the sensor is determined. During the test phase, the sensor responds either to background noise or to a test voltage and the sensing output signals are compared to a predetermined minimum and/or maximum level. Malfunction is indicated if the signals furnished by the sensor are outside of the indicated range.

Abstract: To provide for temperature measurement of a solid electrolyte polarographic gas composition sensor, an ac signal is superimposed from an ac voltage source (2) on the applied voltage from a voltage source (1) if the sensor is a polarographic sensor, the ac signal being separated from the output by a filter combination (6, 7), the dc output being evaluated as usual, and the ac output being rectified in a rectifier (9) to obtain a measure of the temperature since the ac resistance (R.sub.alt) is highly temperature dependent (see FIG. 3). The ac preferably is about 10% of the applied dc voltage, so that the voltage swing of the ac potential falls well within the linear range of output current with respect to voltage (see FIG. 2). The output from the ac channel (7, 9) to evaluate the temperature signal can be connected to a control loop circuit (10, 11), including a heater (11) to heat the sensor to maintain a uniform temperature thereof.

Abstract: To match the frequency characteristics of the audio or acoustic path of a hearing aid to the remainder of the hearing aid system, an acoustic path extension element (10, 25, 40, 48, 52) is interposed in the acoustic path, the extension element being structural components separable and independent of the housing of the hearing aid, although it may be retained therein (FIG. 3), to permit matching of elements having different path lengths to the hearing aid. In a preferred form, the entrance and exit openings of the separable element are coaxial to permit replacement of existing audio duct connecting tubes, at least in part, by the element and thus permit adaptation and retrofitting of hearing aids with the matching element.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for mixture-compressing internal combustion engine with externally-supplied ignition is proposed, which serves to form the most optimal possible fuel-air mixture. The fuel supply system includes a primary mixture formation unit disposed in the intake manifold and at least one ultrasonic atomizer nozzle in the intake manifold, for the purpose of correcting the fuel-air mixture by means of supplementary fuel, downstream of the primary mixture unit or in each individual intake tube. The ultrasonic atomizer nozzles are triggered, with the interposition of an electronic control device, in accordance with operating characteristics of the engine, as well as the exhaust composition, and they permit the supply of finely prepared supplementary fuel for the purpose of regulating the fuel-air mixture to a predetermined .lambda. value; of compensating for non-uniform distribution, and of enrichment of the mixture in the case of warm-up, full load and acceleration, as well as of idling regulation.

Abstract: To decrease the preheat time and power requirements in preheater-type glow plugs for Diesel engines, a closed ceramic tube (20), for example of aluminum oxide and of about 5 mm diameter has, on the bottom (21) thereof applied a layer or film-like heater element (24, 24'), for example in an undulating or zig-zag configuration (FIG. 2) or in form of a constriction or pinch (FIG. 4: 24') to provide a concentrated point or strip source of heat. The heater layer itself is protected by a protective coating (25) and, to provide for the required heat distribution, the underlying bottom (21, 21') of the tube (20, 20') supports an insulating intermediate layer and possibly a heat conductive layer is intermediate. Preheat times in the order of 1-2 seconds, with lower current consumption than prior wound-wire plugs can be obtained.

Abstract: To utilize the full power capacity of alternators 1, the alternator phases are connected through a transformer 9 to the rectifier 4 which provides rectified output to a battery 8. The transformer 9 has tapped windings, the taps being placed in circuit with the alternator-rectifier network in dependence on a speed control signal, for example derived from the frequency of the alternator, to effect tap changing and matching of the internal impedance of the alternator 1 to the battery 8/load L combination. In accordance with one feature (FIGS. 2, 3), the taps are on the primary, and a-c switches such as triacs 15 are selectively energized as the speed of the generator changes; in accordance with another embodiment (FIGS. 4, 5), the taps are on the secondary of the transformer, and unilaterally conductive switches, such as thyristors or SCRs 48, can be used, in parallel with the rectifier diodes 47 of the rectifying array, and selectively fired as a function of speed.

Abstract: To permit simultaneous evaluation of the light as a consequence of combustion in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion (IC) engine, and evaluation of the oxygen content of the combustion gas resulting from the combustion, a tubular housing of generally spark-plug shape is closed off at the end facing the combustion chamber by a solid electrolyte body in form of a disk (6), closed tube or thimble (6c) or the like, which is made of transparent zirconium dioxide. The interior of the housing has a light guide (7) extending therein. The solid electrolyte body has electrodes (11, 11'; 11c, 11'c) applied thereto, electrically connected to an electrical evaluation stage (EE) to determine oxygen concentration in the combustion gases, while the light due to combustion is transmitted through the solid electrolyte to the light guide for evaluation in an optical evaluation stage (EO).

Abstract: The heat exchanger of the temperature control system for a vehicle passenger compartment exchanges heat with air entering the passenger compartment. The flow of heat-exchange medium through the heat exchanger is controllable for controlling passenger-compartment temperature. A servo comparator receives and compares a temperature command signal and a feedback signal and produces an error signal which operates an actuator which in turn actuates an adjuster for fluid flow through the heat exchanger. The command signal is derived from a command transducer whose setting is adjustable by a passenger. The feedback signal is derived from a passenger-compartment temperature sensor but additionally, in order to avoid system instability, is furthermore derived from a heat-exchanger temperature sensor. In particular, the feedback signal includes a component whose value is determined by the rate of change with respect to time of the temperature sensed by the heat-exchanger temperature sensor.