Abstract: A waveguide is provided for transmitting electromagnetic waves, in particular for transmitting image information, from a proximal end to a distal end, along a transport direction running between the ends and a via a cross-section running transversely to the transport direction. The waveguide has a plurality of structural elements, wherein at least two different types of structural elements have a first type with a first refractive index and a second type with a second refractive index. Each of the structural dements extends along the transport direction and over a part of the cross-section of the waveguide such that a plurality of cross-sectional regions are defined in the cross-section of the waveguide, each cross-sectional region corresponding to the cross-section of an individual structural element.

Abstract: A method of making a glass product includes the steps of: melting a batch of a plurality of glass raw materials in a melting tank to form a glass melt; heating at least one of the plurality of glass raw materials and the glass melt using at least one fuel burner by reacting hydrogen and oxygen; withdrawing the glass melt from the melting tank; obtaining a glass product, the glass product having an Fe2+ to Fe3+ ratio of less than 0.2 or less than 0.05 and having at least one of less than 80 bubbles in a size range of from 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm per 10 kg of glass and less than 2 bubbles of a size larger than 0.2 mm per 10 kg of a glass.

Abstract: An endoscope is provided that has a first component having an LED that emits light and a second component having a proximal end, a distal end, an image capturing element, and a light guide. The proximal end is coupled to the first component. The image capturing element being arranged at the distal end. The light guide comprising an optical fiber extending through the second component. The LED is coupled to the proximal end such that the light is injected into the optical fiber and is conducted from the LED at the proximal end to the distal end and to emit the light at the distal end. The optical fiber has a cross section of at least 80 ?m and has a polymer-based coating or a protective sheathing made of a polymer-based tube material arranged on an outer surface.

Abstract: A device includes a melt feeder with an outlet opening for discharging a glass melt and a shaping mandrel having a shaft and a shaping body. The shaft extends through the outlet opening forming an outlet ring between the shaft and a circumferential edge of the outlet opening so the glass melt can flow through the outlet ring and over the shaping body thereby forming a hollow glass drawing strand. The shaping body has a first part extending from a lower end of the shaft in an axial direction along a length X and having a conical outer surface, and a second part extending from a lower end of the first part in the axial direction along a length Y and having a cylindrical outer surface with an outer diameter Z. A ratio X/Z is between 0.1 and 0.5 and a ratio Y/Z is between 0.02 and 0.35.

Abstract: An electrical feed-through includes: a feed-through component having an opening; at least one conductor sealed into the opening of the feed-through component in a glass material or a glass ceramic material; and at least one guide component connected to the feed-through component, the at least one guide component including a material that is a plastic.

Abstract: A housing part for an electrical device, which is an electrical storage device, a sensor housing, a battery, a microbattery, or a capacitor, the housing part including: a feedthrough, the housing part or a base body which is a part of the housing part including the feedthrough, the feedthrough having at least one opening, the at least one opening having a wall with a reduced enclosure length ELred, the at least one opening configured for receiving a conductive material or a conductor in a glass material or a glass-ceramic material, the reduced enclosure length ELred being in a range of 0.05 mm to 0.6 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, or 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm.

Abstract: A waveguide for guiding an image pixel light includes: a solid body including an optical material which is transparent for at least a light with a wavelength of 460 nm; an in-coupling surface located on the solid body; and an out-coupling surface located on the solid body, wherein the optical material has an absorption coefficient ?460 nm for light having a wavelength of 460 nm, a thermal conductivity k, a coefficient of thermal expansion ?20° C. at a temperature of 20° C., a refractive index nF related to the hydrogen F-line, and a derivative dnF/dT20° C. which are related in such a way that a thermally induced change of an optical path length within the waveguide due to an absorption of at least one of heat and an optical radiation is quantitatively described by a merit function.

Abstract: An imaging system, includes: a laser light source having a wavelength from 380 nm to 490 nm; and a beam guidance element, the laser light source configured for generating an average surface power density of more than 10 W/cm2, the beam guidance element including a glass which has a quality factor F(436 nm)=S(436 nm)*(Abs0(436 nm)+Abs1(436 nm))/k, wherein S(436 nm) is a thermality at a wavelength of 436 nm, Abs1(436 nm) is an additional absorbance in comparison to Abs0(436 nm) at a wavelength of 436 nm after an irradiation with a power density of 345 W/cm2 for 72 hours with a laser light having a wavelength of 455 nm, Abs0(436 nm) is an absorbance at a wavelength of 436 nm of a sample having a thickness of 100 mm without the irradiation, k is the thermal conductivity, and the quality factor F(436 nm) is <15 ppm/W.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to structured protective windows that have high transmission efficiency and can isolate light between different sections of the window. The structured protective windows are less prone to glass breakage compared to conventional protective windows that are typically used to protect and isolate light transmitting and light receiving components in LiDAR exterior automotive applications.

Abstract: A transparent wear-resistant, in particular scratch and/or impact-resistant, element is provided. The element includes a substrate, a layer system on a first surface of the substrate, and a reflectance at a second surface of the substrate of 2% in a visible spectral range of wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm. The glass or glass ceramic substrate is transparent in the visible spectral range. The layer system has two successive layers deposited on the first surface, where the two successive layers are each made of inorganic compounds. The two successive layers include a first layer with a first refractive index (n1) and a second layer with a second refractive index (n2), where the second refractive index (n2) is a value of at least 1.60. The first refractive index (n1) is greater than the second refractive index (n2) and a difference of the first and second refractive indices (n1?n2) is at least 0.05.

Abstract: To provide a hermetic terminal with an insulating cylinder, the hermetic terminal being applicable to insulation coatings that pose difficulties with known insert molding methods, and being producible in small lots without changing the mold for each change in a ring-like outer metal member, and a manufacturing method thereof. Means for Solving Problem A hermetic terminal includes a ring-like outer metal member including at least one sealing hole, a lead inserted through the sealing hole of the ring-like outer metal member, an insulating material hermetically sealing the lead to the ring-like outer metal member, and an insulating cylinder fitted onto the lead and adhering, at at least an end portion of the insulating cylinder, to the ring-like outer metal member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass ceramic having improved thermal expansion characteristics and to the use thereof in a precision component.

Abstract: An electrical feedthrough assembly suitable for an e-compressor is provided which includes a base body which attaches to a housing and has an electrical feedthrough. The electrical feed-through has an opening in the base body for a conductor fed through the opening and embedded in a fixation material which seals the opening of the electrical feed-through. The assembly further includes an insulation element adhesively affixed to the base body. The insulation element has an insulation section which includes a conductor opening through which the conductor is fed. The insulation element is configured and arranged such that a contact portion of the insulation section contacts the adhesive material. For each insulation section, an air channel is formed, wherein a top wall of the air channel is formed by the insulation element, and the air channel surrounds the contact portion of the insulation section.

Abstract: A glass tube forming apparatus includes a tube forming body configured to receive a flow of molten glass from a glass melt, the molten glass being withdrawn from the tube forming body in the form of a glass tube, the tube forming body being covered at least partly with a metallic layer; and at least one metallic electrode mounted in the glass melt in spaced relation to the tube forming body. The tube forming body is connected electrically with the at least one electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass ceramic having improved thermal expansion characteristics and to the use thereof in a precision component.

Abstract: A housing part for attachment to a housing includes: at least one opening for at least one conductor embedded in a glass or a glass-ceramic material that is fed into the at least one opening providing a glass-metal seal (GTMS); an elevated area and/or a recess area configured to center the housing part within a structure of the housing and/or enhance the resilience against bending, the at least one opening being provided in the elevated area and/or the recess area, the elevated area and/or the recess area being situated in a glassing area plane; and at least two bores situated in a plane different from the glassing area plane.

Abstract: A partial beam splitter includes a substrate including a substrate material; and a coating arranged on at least one main surface of the substrate. Along a first direction which is parallel to a normal vector of the main surface, the substrate and all coatings having a total thickness. For a specific light beam having a specific wavelength within a range of 450 nm and 650 nm which is incident on the partial beam splitter along a second direction with an angle of 32° enclosed between a vector pointing in the first direction and a vector pointing in the second direction, the specific light beam after transmitting through the partial beam splitter has a phase having a phase difference of an absolute value of smaller than or equal to 30° compared to the case in which, under otherwise identical conditions, the partial beam splitter is replaced by a similar reference substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hermetically connected assembly having a first substrate which is transparent in some regions and/or partly transparent for at least one wavelength range, a metal foil having a contact surface which adjoins a contact surface of the first substrate, and a laser joint line or a plurality of binding points for directly and indirectly joining the metal foil with the first substrate at or in the contact surfaces. The laser joint line or the plurality of binding points reach into the first substrate and into the metal foil, and the two joint partners are directly melted together. In the process, the metal foil is configured to be flexible in order to compensate for an unevenness of the contact surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed package includes: a heat-dissipating base substrate configured for dissipating heat from the hermetically sealed package; a cap arranged on the heat-dissipating base substrate, the cap and the heat-dissipating base substrate jointly forming at least a part of the package; at least one functional area hermetically sealed by the package; at least one laser bonding line configured for hermetically sealing the package, the laser bonding line having a height perpendicular to a bonding plane of the laser bonding line.

Abstract: A housing part for an electrical storage installation includes: a main body including a through-opening, which includes a side; a fixing material; a first connector terminal assembly including a connector pin which is routed through the through-opening and, by way of the fixing material, is fixed so as to be electrically isolated in the through-opening, the connector pin including a projecting part which on the side projects beyond the through-opening; an insulation material; and a terminal pad on the side, the terminal pad including an opening, the projecting part engaging in the opening and being electrically connected to the terminal pad, the pad by way of the insulation material being fastened so as to be electrically isolated on the main body.