Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a vertical direction to the first substrate and the second substrate by the first molecule orientation film and the second molecule orientation film, respectively, in a non-driving state. A structural pattern is formed so as to extend in a first direction parallel to a surface of the liquid crystal layer and so as to form, in a driving state, an electric field periodically changing in a second direction that is parallel to the liquid crystal layer and vertical to the first direction. The liquid crystal molecules substantially tilt in the first direction in the driving state.

Abstract: A mercury light source tube such that a detrimental effect on its lifetime caused by gathering of mercury at peripheral portions of electrodes can be prevented or controlled, a light source device, and a display device. The mercury light source tube has a tube body in which mercury is sealed, electrodes provided to the tube body, and projections provided on an outer surface of the tube body to be integral with the tube body. The projections are placed between the electrodes or in positions at a distance from the electrodes toward the tube body center. The projections locally increase the surface area of the tube body so as to easily radiate heat to the outside, and locally decrease temperatures of the positions where the projections are placed and their peripheral portions so that mercury gathers at the low temperature portions.

Abstract: An electrode connection structure including a first circuit component including a resin plate, a barrier film stacked on a surface of the resin plate, a circuit section formed on the barrier film and a first electrode provided on the surface of the resin plate on which the barrier film is stacked, and a second circuit component arranged to face the first circuit component and having a second electrode facing the first electrode, wherein the first and second electrodes are electrically connected via pressure applied thereto in the directions approaching each other and a portion of the barrier film surrounding the first electrode is at least partially removed from the surface of the resin plate.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention is arranged so that plural sheets of paper are conveyed to a main conveying path and a sub-conveying path at the time of double-side image formation. In performing double-side image formation jobs on plural sets of sheets of paper, a sequence control section makes a change of sequences for image formation so that a post-process for the previous job can be performed during image formation of the next set. With this, in performing double-side image formation jobs on plural sets of sheets of paper in an image forming system constituted by an image forming apparatus and a post-processing apparatus, images can be formed in succession without suspending image formation of the next set to allow post-processing time for the previous set. This makes it possible to achieve a system with high job efficiency.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, in a display control apparatus that repeatedly displays various image data on a screen, the display control apparatus includes: an input/setting means that, for each unit of image data, inputs/sets an image data display control method corresponding to a number of display times of the image data; a storage means that, for each unit of image data, stores the image data display control method corresponding to the number of display times of the image data that has been input/set by the input/setting means; and a control means that, when repeatedly displaying image data, identifies the number of display times of the image data, and displays the image data according to the image data display control method corresponding to the number of display times that has been stored in the storage means.

Abstract: A light emitting element includes a light emitting layer emitting light and a refractive index composite structure layer arranged in a light path of the light output from the light emitting layer.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus of this invention includes a sealable chamber to be introduced with reactive material gas, a plurality of pairs of cathode-anode bodies arranged in the chamber, for forming a plurality of discharge spaces for performing plasma discharge of the material gas, a power supply for plasma discharge, placed outside the chamber, a matching box placed outside the chamber, for matching impedance between the cathode-anode bodies and the power supply, and a power introduction wire extending to each of the cathodes from the power supply via the matching box. Herein, the power introduction wire is branched to the number corresponding to the number of the cathodes between the matching box and the cathodes, and the branched wires are symmetrically extended.

Abstract: A method for segmentedly encrypting the data in a document print job in a manner which preserves options for post-rendering analysis/processing of selected non-content components, and a print job which comes into existence as a consequence of implementation of this method. The method includes identifying and individuating, within such a job, the content commands as distinguished from the non-content commands, and then, as a consequence of such identifying and individuating, encrypting only data contained within the content commands. In one manner of practicing the invention, all data in the content commands is encrypted. In another manner of such practice, only data which is contained within the content-field portions of the content commands is encrypted. The resulting print job, in one form, is characterized with (a) an encrypted part which includes only data contained within content commands, and (b) a non-encrypted part which includes the balance of data contained within the job.

Abstract: A light emitting diode driving device for driving an LED includes (i) a driving pulse current generating circuit for generating a driving current for the LED in accordance with a driving pulse signal supplied from outside and (ii) a differentiating circuit for generating a peaking current obtained by differentiating the driving pulse signal. A current that is equal to the sum of the driving current and the peaking current flows to the LED. The light emitting diode driving device further includes a peaking control circuit for controlling the magnitude of the peaking current generated from the differentiating circuit.

Abstract: Accumulation and coagulation of toner inside a vertically-disposed toner carrying path is properly prevented. The toner carrier apparatus includes: a toner carrier pipe which includes therein a toner carrying path through which toner is carried and is disposed so that the toner carrier path vertically extends; a pipe supporting member which supports the toner carrier pipe in such a way as to allow the toner carrier pipe to be vertically movable; a rotational member and operation wings, which cause the toner carrier pipe to reciprocally move in the vertical direction and horizontally swing; and a knocking mechanism which horizontally hits the toner carrier pipe.

Abstract: A display device includes a backlight having a discharge tube and a reflector. A heat conduction member is attached to the reflector in contact with the discharge tube, so that a part of the discharge tube is locally cooled by the heat conduction member. Liquid mercury is collected at a first position in the discharge tube, and the backlight is assembled so that the heat conduction member or other cooling device is located at the first position. Also, the display device includes an optical sheet having a diffusion portion having projections containing scattering material particles.

Abstract: A dioptric element array substrate 10 includes: a first dioptric element array 2 having a plurality of first dioptric elements 2a arranged two-dimensionally; a second dioptric element array 4 having a plurality of second dioptric elements 4a having a first refractive index arranged two-dimensionally in one-to-one correspondence with the first dioptric elements; and a third dioptric element array 5 having a second refractive index different from the first refractive index. Principal rays of beams incident on the first dioptric element array at different angles and converged with the first dioptric element array are collimated with the second and third dioptric element arrays.

Abstract: A manual sheet feeding mechanism adapted for use in a sheet processing apparatus includes a manual feeding tray and a guiding member. The manual feeding tray is adapted to be mounted on a side wall of the apparatus so as to be pivotable about an axis between an open position and a closed position. The manual feeding tray has a placement surface for placing a sheet to be manually fed into the apparatus. The guiding member is adapted to position a sheet placed on the placement surface and is provided so as to be movable on the placement surface. The manual sheet feeding mechanism also includes a moving member that is adapted, when the manual feeding tray is pivoted toward the closed position, to move the guiding member on the placement surface.

Abstract: Laser beams emitted by a plurality of laser sources are divided into a plurality of sub-beams, which are irradiated onto selected portions of an amorphous semiconductor on a substrate to crystallize the amorphous semiconductor. A difference in diverging angles between the laser beams is corrected by a beam expander. The apparatus includes a sub-beam selective irradiating system including a sub-beam dividing assembly and a sub-beam focussing assembly. Also, the apparatus includes laser sources, a focussing optical system, and a combining optical system. A stage for supporting a substrate includes a plurality of first stage members, a second stage member disposed above the first stage members, and a third stage member 38C, rotatably disposed above the second stage to support an amorphous semiconductor.

Abstract: When a solution sprayed by a spray nozzle portion reaches one surface portion of a substrate, a thin film forming material contained the solution decomposes thermally because the substrate is heated to a prescribed temperature, and a thin film is formed on the one surface portion of the substrate. An imaging section obtains a prescribed information on the thickness of a thin film to be formed on one surface portion of the substrate, and a main control section controls a valve section based on the prescribed information from the imaging section. Since, based on the prescribed information on the thickness of a thin film to be formed on one surface portion of the substrate, the main control section allows the spraying nozzle portion to spray the solution therefrom, a thin film of the desired thickness can be formed with high accuracy.

Abstract: A lamp holding apparatus for mounting a lamp to a base member includes a mounting plate having a pair of locking portions protruding to a base side. The locking portion is inserted into a mounting hole provided at the base and capable of being locked to a peripheral edge on its back side. Abutting portions, which protrude to the base side and are capable of abutting the base at the time of mounting, are provided on a bottom surface of the mounting plate that is an opposing surface to the base. The abutting portions are provided at three spots with one of the locking portions interposed therebetween. At the time of mounting, each of the abutting portions abut the base, and the mounting plate is elastically deformed so as to be warped, whereby the locking surface of the locking portion is kept in the state in which it is locked to a peripheral edge of a back side of the mounting hole by its elastic force.

Abstract: A method and device for displaying a document written in a Western language in a readable form without decreasing the utilization efficiency of a display screen. When a tail of a word to be displayed goes beyond an end of a line on the screen and the number of characters contained in the word does not exceeds a reference value, a line feed is inserted immediately before the word to perform word-wrapping, and when the number of characters contained in the word exceeds the reference value, a line feed is inserted halfway within the word to display divided parts of the word on different lines.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device comprises an array of memory cells each comprising a variable resistance element and a cell access transistor, and a voltage supplying means for applying the first voltage between the bit and source lines connected to the selected memory cell, the third voltage to the word line to apply the first write voltage between the two ports of the variable resistance element for shifting the resistance from the first state to the second state, and the second voltage opposite in polarity to the first voltage between the bit and source lines, the third voltage to the word line to apply the second write voltage opposite in polarity to and different in the absolute value from the first write voltage between the two ports for shifting the resistance from the second state to the first state, the voltage supplying means comprising an n-channel MOSFET and a p-channel MOSFET.

Abstract: Systems and methods for implementing an enhanced multi-channel direct link protocol between wireless stations in a wireless LAN environment are disclosed. An exemplary method is implemented in a first wireless station that is part of an infrastructure basic service set network. The infrastructure basic service set network also includes an access point and a second wireless station. The wireless stations of the infrastructure basic service set network communicate on an infrastructure frequency channel. The method involves determining that at least one condition is satisfied for establishing a direct link with the second wireless station for transmission of data from the first wireless station to the second wireless station. The direct link is established with the second wireless station on a direct link frequency channel that is different than the infrastructure frequency channel. The data is transmitted to the second wireless station via the direct link.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is furnished with: a liquid crystal display element having a pair of substrates, to which alignment members are provided to their respective opposing surfaces, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched by the pair of substrates; an alignment mechanism for providing at least two different director configurations simultaneously on different arbitrary regions used for display in the liquid crystal layer; and a reflection film provided to at least one of the different arbitrary regions showing different director configurations; wherein the different arbitrary regions showing different director configurations are used for a reflection display section for showing reflection display and a transmission display section for showing transmission display, respectively.