Abstract: Method for treating drilling effluents containing ligno-sulfonates wherein, successively, sulfuric acid is injected in order to cause coagulation, a cationic polyelectrolyte is injected to cause a flocculation and solids are separated from the liquid by centrifugation or dewatering compaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of alkylthiophenols by reaction of a dialkyl disulphide with a phenol.In the process according to the invention, the reaction is carried out in the presence of aluminum chloride or of ferric chloride in a solvent of the alkylbenzene type or, soley in the case of methylthiolation, in an excess of dimethyl disulphide.This process makes it possible, in particular to obtain, with a selectivity and in a yield which are excellent, 2-alkylthiophenols which may then be converted into 4-acyl-2-alkylthiophenols by means of a reaction at a temperature ranging from 40.degree. to 100.degree. C. with a complex BF.sub.3 :2RCOOH where R denotes an alkyl or propenyl radical, in a proportion of 10 to 15 moles of complex per mole of 2-alkylthiophenol.

Abstract: Manganese bromide solution for use in the formation of organomanganese compounds, applicable to the synthesis of organic products, particularly ketones.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a process for obtaining irone by microbiological route.The precursors extracted from fresh iris rhizomes are subjected to the action of a fungus of the genus Botryotinia.

Abstract: The subject-matter of the present invention is a process for obtaining irone by enzymatic route.The precursors extracted from fresh iris rhizomes are subjected to the action of a peroxidizing enzymatic composition comprising oxygen and a lipoxidase or hydrogen peroxide and a peroxidase.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells containing lithium and a solid polymer electrolyte in the form of thin films are produced by making multilayer assemblies from double-layer solid polymer electrolyte/composite positive electrode sub-assemblies which are subsequently associated with the other constituent layers of the cell so that the multilayer assembly so obtained comprises a layer of a metal of low ductility. Cells may be made from multilayer assemblies by stacking, rolling or bending techniques.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of zeolites belonging to the faujasite structural class and exhibiting a Si:Al ratio higher than 1 in which a reaction mixture is first produced which has a pH higher than 10 and contains water, a source of tetravalent silicon, a source of trivalent aluminum, a source of hydroxide ions in the form of a strong inorganic or orgnaic base and a structuring agent ST so as to produce an aluminosilicate gel having the desired composition to permit its crystallization into a compound of the faujasite structural class. The gel obtained is kept at a temperature, pressure and for a sufficient period to effect the crystallization of the gel into a precursor of the zeolite consisting of the zeolite trapping the structuring agent ST in its cavities and the precursor is then subjected to a calcination to destroy the structuring agent and to produce the zeolite.

Abstract: The invention relates to production of esters of mercaptocarboxylic acids and alcohols forming an azeotrope with water.The esterification is carried out continuously in the presence of an excess of alcohol and the water formed is removed by entraining azeotropically under vacuum at a temperature such that the residual water concentration in the reaction mixture remains constantly below 0.5% by weight.The process according to the invention applies more particularly to the synthesis of octyl esters of thioglycolic acid.

Abstract: Process of preparation of secondary or tertiary alcohols by the action of an organic halide on metallic manganese, in the presence of a carbonyl compound in a solvent followed by hydrolysis; a compound of a metal of Groups II to VIII of the Periodic Classification of the Elements, less electropositive than manganese, is present in the reaction medium.

Abstract: Process of preparation of alcohols by the reaction of an organic halide with a carbonyl compound in an organic solvent, in the presence of metallic manganese, followed by hydrolysis of the reaction product; the reaction is initiated and activated by an ester present in the reaction medium.

Abstract: An anaerobic adhesive formulation is provided comprised of a monomeric acrylic phase consisting of 50 to 100 wt.% of one or more pluriacrylic esters and 50 to 0 wt.% of at least one unsaturated monomer chosen from the acrylic monomers and the non-acrylic unsaturated monomers and a system which produces free radicals and is inhibited in the presence of oxygen. The formulation also contains an additive for improving the impact strength and shear strength, consisting of a polyurethane performed or formed in situ and/or a heat stabilizing additive consisting of at least one epoxide resin associated with a latent hardener of said resin. The formulation is useful in anaerobic bonding.

Abstract: The invention relates to the manufacture of vicinal alkanedithiols from the corresponding alkylene trithiocarbonates.The method according to the invention consists in treating alkylene trithiocarbonate with an alkaline sulfide, followed by acidification of the reaction medium.The method is particularly well-suited for the synthesis of ethanedithiol from ethylene trithiocarbonate.

Abstract: An electrochromic element useful in an electrochromic glass or mirror device and a process for making such element. The element is a five-layered structure including an electrolyte ion conducting layer interposed between first and second inorganic electrochromic layers which are interposed between a pair of conductive electrodes. The first and second inorganic electrochromic layers are different and are capable of exhibiting color-forming properties complementary to one another upon the incorporation of an alkali metal or Ag ion, a mixture of alkali metal or Ag ions or a mixture of alkali metal or Ag and hydrogen ions. The electrolyte ion conducting layer may be a copolymer of ethylene oxide, butylene oxide or methyl glycidyl ether, and optionally a small amount of allyl glycidyl ether, along with an ionizable salt, or may be a polyurethane gel forming by reacting the copolymer with triisocyanate, along with an ionizable salt.

Abstract: Process for improving the characteristics of absorption and desorption of a gas by a reaction medium consisting of several salts in powder form and a porous solid product, characterized in that it consists in mixing 0 to 60% by mass of the porous product with the powdered salt(s). The porous product consists of a mixture of expanded graphite and a second expanded product of rigid structure and high permeability.

Abstract: Device for producing cold and/or heat by solid-gas reaction, intended to be used, for example, for air conditioning, including reactor chambers, each chamber being intended to contain a reagent formed from a mixture of a salt and an expanded product which is a good thermal conductor, the reagent being able to react through absorption with a gas according to an exothermic reaction, the device including moreover, a passage for a fluid to be cooled and a passage for a fluid to be heated. According to the invention, the device includes reactor chambers connected together pairwise, the transfer of heat between the reactor chambers and with the fluid being afforded by heat pipes of the gravitational type.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of oxidizing epoxyalcohols, in a medium containing an organic solvent and water, by means of a solid oxidizing compound, in the presence of a catalyst based on a ruthenium salt. The proportion of water relative to that of organic solvent is sufficiently small for at least the major part of the oxidizing compound to remain in the solid state in the reaction medium, which is heterogeneous.

Abstract: Catalytic process for producing sulphur from H.sub.2 S-containing acid gas wherein the acid gas is subjected to a catalytic oxidation in CLAUS stoichiometry and to a catalytic CLAUS reaction phase with deposition of sulphur on the catalyst with periodic regeneration of the sulphur-laden catalyst and cooling of the regenerated catalyst. The gas used for the regeneration and for the cooling is tapped from the acid gas supplied to the catalytic oxidation and the gas issued from the regeneration is reintroduced into said acid gas after separation of the sulphur contained therein. The process is particularly applicable to the treatment.

Abstract: Novel catalysts based on X zeolites which contain alkali metal cations other than sodium and modified by inclusion, as additives, of alkali metal elements in the metallic form. These novel catalysts have increased catalytic activity and stability over time in comparison with zeolites in which no alkali metal has been included.

Abstract: Phosphinamides are prepared by the action of an organic halide on an oxazaphospholidine. Depending upon the configuration desired for the stereoisomer to be obtained, an oxazaphospholidine is utilized which has been derived from a (+) or (-) optically-active amino-alcohol. These phosphinamides are useful for the preparation of phosphinates, in particular optically-active phosphinates of known absolute configuration; for this, the phosphinamide is subjected to alcoholysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of organic disulphides and polysulphides by the action of sulphur on a mercaptan or on a polysulphide which is lower in sulphur, in the presence of a basic catalyst.In the process according to the invention, an anion exchange resin is used as catalyst.