Abstract: A continuously cast steel consisting of0.32 to 1.0% carbon0.20 to 3.0% manganese,up to 2.0% silicon,max. 0.05% phosphorus,max. 0.05% sulphur,0.002 to 0.008% nitrogen,0.015 to 0.08% zirconium,0.010 to 0.10% aluminium,up to 3.5% chromium,up to 3.5% nickel andup to 0.5% molybdenumrest iron and unavoidable impurities, wherein the zirconium: nitrogen ratio being 7:1 to 10:1 and the austenite grain size being ASTM 6 or a smaller grain size number.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for guiding sheets or strips to be butt-welded together and to an apparatus with means for conveying and guiding sheets or strips to be butt-welded together. The sheets or strips, lying laterally next to one another, each with one of its side edges against a guide surface lying in the same vertical plane, are brought into contact without gaps in the same horizontal plane, on conveying planes inclined at an acute angle relative to one another. In the apparatus, the conveying means, especially roller tables, form conveying planes arranged at an acute angle .alpha. relative to one another. The guide means consist of guide surfaces lying in the same vertical plane. Thus, strips or sheets can be guided continuously past a fixed welding device in order to be welded together without gaps.

Abstract: A vehicle has articulated tracks on each side driven separately by hydraulic gears comprising a hydraulic group coupled to the drive shaft and hydraulic motors driving the tracks. The hydraulic pump group has at least three hydraulic pumps coupled to each other in series. The hydraulic motors are actuated by the first two hydraulic pumps. The third pump is adapted to actuate auxiliary equipment and is serially engagable and disengagable from the first two pumps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for thermal treatment of pearlitic rail steel. For increasing strength and wear resistance steels with the claimed composition are produced with a fine lamellar pearlite structure by heat treatment. During the first cycle the rail head portion is heated in a sufficient depth of up to 50 mm by means of a burner or an inductive system to an austenitization temperature of about 950.degree. to 1050.degree. C. Thereafter the heated head portion is cooled by means of compressed air in such a way that in a first step by blowing a large amount of air the temperature of the rail head portion is cooled within 10 to 20 s to 650.degree. to 600.degree. C. before the area of the pearlitic transformation. In a second step with throttled blowing compared to the first step in the area of the pearlitic transformation the rail head portion is cooled within 2 to 4 minutes to about 400.degree. C. until finishing the pearlitic transformation.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for manufacturing a worked weldable, low temperature ferritic steel consisting of0.015 to 0.08% C0.1 to 0.5% Si0.3 to 0.6% Mn<0.015% P<0.015% S4 to 7% Ni0 to 1.5% Cuthe rest iron and unavoidable impurities in normal amounts which is characterized in that the steel has added to it 0.15 to 0.25% vanadian and 0.020 to 0.030% nitrogen; the steel being rolled and then cooled to room temperature and finally subjected to a one time normalizing. Such a steel is usable as work material for making construction part especially for the transport and storage of liquified natural gas and having at a temperature of -196.degree. C. a notch charpy impact value at longitudinal test samples of more than 42 J.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a very exact correction of the thickness profile of strip rolled in a multi-stand hot strip mill. A measuring device determines the distribution of tensions in the cross-section of the strip (19). The measuring values are processed in a computer (32) to manipulated variables for a swinging or tilting device and a roll bending device (42). The roll bending device (42) is installed at the end of a hot strip mill train, and one or several roll swinging or tilting devices with measuring devices are provided, as seen in rolling direction, before the roll bending device (42).

Abstract: In a pantograph load handling device having work arms formed of a parallelogram linkage, an improved load cylinder arrangement is provided comprising a flexible diaphragm disposed in a loose support arrangement to afford vertical movement of the load in a more accurate and inexpensive operation than heretofore known.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for the manufacturing of microcrystalline metallic materials in band form, wherein the chemical compositing for the cooling roller given in ranges within which the upper surface roughness is reduced, the geometry is improved, the presence of microcracks is eliminated or reduced and the ductibility of the band is increased.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing internal stresses of roller straightened rails. After the straightening operation the rail web portion is heated for a short time to temperatures ranging between 200.degree.-700.degree. C., preferably between 350.degree.-500.degree. C., and after reaching the desired temperatures the rail is cooled by air to room temperature. For the purpose of heating the rail is continuously conveyed in front of the heating apparatus.The inventive process permits to reduce internal stresses in the rail head and base portions to a value of less than 50 N/mm.sup.2 thus ensuring increased rupture strength of the rail.

Abstract: A mechanism for handling and manipulating a load including a horizontal work beam formed of a parallelogram linkage with a pair of arms interconnected by links. The work beam is pivotally mounted on a retaining part which is adjustably vertically mounted on a rotatable pillar. A counterweight is provided on the work beam for counterweighting its weight. A roller is movable horizontally in a trackway and connected to the work beam with the trackway elevated by a piston and cylinder along the pillar.

Abstract: A process for the butt-welding of especially deep-drawable steel sheets or steel strips galvanized at least on one side, in which the welding seam is protected against corrosion. To obtain a welding seam flush with the sheet and protected against corrosion, without the reworking of the welding seam and without the use of filler material, sheets or strips having essentially rectangular cut edges with a corrosion in the longitudinal direction of at most 0.4 mm are used. The sheets and strips brought into touch contact with these cut edges are melted in the region of the welding joint by means of a laser beam, of which the focal spot covering the cut edges has a diameter of at most 0.2 mm. Because of the extremely narrow welding gap, the voids are filled by the molten material of the adjacent sheets, without any detectable reduction in the thickness of the sheets or strips.

Abstract: Armour-plate comprising a two layer bonded subsequently heat-treated clad steel comprising an upper layer and a base layer wherein:(a) the upper layer contains (in percent by weight)______________________________________ 0.30 to 0.80% carbon 0.10 to 0.80% silicon 0.40 to 1.20% manganese up to 0.015% phosphorus up to 0.015% sulfur 0.20 to 2.80% chromium 0.05 to 1.00% molybdenum 0.01 to 0.05% aluminum up to 0.40% nickel ______________________________________remainder iron including unavoidable impurities;(b) said base layer contains (in percent by weight) ______________________________________ 0.17 to 0.40% carbon 0.10 to 0.80% silicon 0.40 to 2.00% manganese up to 0.025% phosphorus up to 0.025% sulfur 0.10 to 1.50% chromium 0.05 to 1.50% molybdenum 0.01 to 0.05% aluminum ______________________________________remainder iron including unavoidable impurities the carbon content of said upper layer being substantially higher than the carbon content of said base material.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the metallurgical aftertreatment of premelted metals, especially steel, consisting of a cylindrical ladle receiving the melt and closed by means of a cover and one or more electrodes passing through the cover and intended for heating the melt via electric arcs. The electrodes consist of metal castings, preferably of continuous-casting billets, which have a composition corresponding to the analysis of the metal melt. The invention also relates to a process for the aftertreatment of steel melts with very low carbon contents or with narrow carbon tolerances, in which electrodes consisting of a continuously cast low-carbon steel billets are used to heat the steel melt via electric arcs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing steel of low phosphorus content from hot metal of usual phosphorus content, in which the hot metal is simultaneously decarburized and dephosphorized in a single process step in a metallurgical vessel, in particular in a converter. The refining gas consisting predominantly or completely of technically pure oxygen is top-blown into the melt, particularly from below. The vessel is charged with hot metal containing manganese in an amount of less than 0.2% by weight. Lime is then added and refining is carried out down to a final phosphorus content of 0.005% by weight or less in the steel at the end of blowing, without a change of slag.

Abstract: A method and composition for desulfurization of hot metal is disclosed. To the hot metal there is added a composition comprising calcium carbide, a hydrogen releasing compound and magnesium.

Abstract: A method for pressurized water quenching of rolled steel products wherein the product is cooled so abruptly on its surface, at a quenching from a final rolling temperature of approximately 1000.degree. C. to an equilibrium temperature of above 500.degree. C., the temperature of the core immediately after the completion of the quenching is no more than only 30.degree. C. below the original final rolling temperature. The shorter cooling periods lead to a thinner martensitic layer, and a greater portion of the ferritic-perlitic core mass resulting in an increase in ductility with little change in strength.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for desulphurizing hot metal in a ladle, in particular in a torpedo ladle, wherein first aluminum and then, by means of a carrier gas, lime (CaO) are blown into the hot metal. The characterizing feature of the invention is that at a rate of 2-20 liters (S.T.P.) of carrier gas/kg of desulphurizing agent, a solid which evolves a gas in the hot metal is blown in together with the lime.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rail having high resistance to wear in its head and high resistance to rupture in its foot. It is the characteristic feature of the invention that after rolling followed by heat treatment the rail has a fine pearlitic structure in the head and a martensitic annealed grain structure in the foot. The invention also includes preferred methods of heat treatment for the rail.

Abstract: A multiple-unit mailbox apparatus comprising a number of parallel hinge door assemblies, a plurality of tubular mail receptacles and an outer support structure including a front panel which supports the receptacles and the hinge door assemblies at its front surface. The outer support structure also includes interconnected top, bottom and side panels including a back panel. The front panel has a plurality of container openings in which the mail receptacles are supported in spaced relationship from each other so that the receptacles can receive mail inserted therethrough. Each hinge door assembly includes a hinge rod fixedly mounted at its opposite ends to top and bottom weather strip portions of the front panel. Each hinge rod extends through intermediate strip portions of the front panel which are positioned between adjacent container openings.

Abstract: The frame girder for underground drift construction comprises three or more retainer bars (3a, 3b) whose cross sections form a polygon, the retainer bars being affixed to one another by stiffener elements (4). Each stiffener element (4) comprises a number of cross struts (5) bent in their centers and inclined with respect to the retainer bars. The outer ends (9) of the struts (5) are each attached to one of the retainer bars. The stiffener element may be formed symmetrically with respect to a central plane extending obliquely to the retainer bars. The frame girder may be made from conventional round irons. It resists bending, torsion and buckling at very high loads, and no undesirable injection shadows are produced during concreting.