Abstract: In a method of treating one-side electrogalvanized steel sheets, the uncoated side is contacted with an aqueous pickling solution containing a water-soluble hydroxycarboxylic acid and a water-soluble peroxo compound. In this way, extremely resistant mixed oxides are separated from one-side electrogalvanized sheets, which, otherwise, would lead to stripy yellowish and brownish stains on the uncoated steel surface. In addition, the new metal surface formed is passivated.

Abstract: A position indicating apparatus, particularly for overhead transport systems (1), includes a elongated code carrier (11) carrying multi-value code marks (17) along its length. A code reading device (12) secured on a transport carrier (4), such as a trolley, crane, or other traveling mechanism, reads the code marks on the code carrier. To prevent erroneous reading when the transport carrier (4) and thus the code reading device (12) is tilted or skewed with respect to the code carrier, and to ensure accuracy of position of reading of the code carrier, the code marks (17) are arranged on the code carrier (11), one next to another in a single row or track, and formed such that m of the code marks provides one code word, the code words being positioned one next to each other and appear only once, or are unique along the entire code carrier.

Abstract: The invention concerns an electrode for the resistance welding of sheets of surface-treated steel. A thin disk of high melting-point metal is permanently attached to the electrode's shaft or cap at the contact surface. The grain of the high melting-point metal is oriented at an angle to the axis of the electrode and the rolled-out material has a flattened grain.

Abstract: A three-dimensional single-wheel suspension for wheels of a railed vehicle, where a wheel unit, including a wheel, a wheel mounting, a non-rotating wheel carrier, and a drive and/or braking mechanism, is provided to execute steering and/or cushioning movements relative to the vehicle. The wheel carrier is movably connected to the vehicle via linkage rods, and is also connected to the wheel carrier of the oppositiely disposed wheel. The point of connection of at least one of the linkage rods to the vehicle is adjustable as a function of such vehicle states including forward or rearward travel, straight-ahead travel or travel through a curve, and braking or driving, and/or including a function of the state of wear of the wheel.

Abstract: To protect an encapsulated fuse (9) within a wholly enclosed sealed safety barrier having a first voltage limiting circuit (10) and a current limiting circuit (15), an externally accessible high current interrupter (5), such as a fuse, positive temperature coefficient resistor (26) or circuit breaker (27) is connected in series with an input terminal, and further serially connected with a second voltage limiting circuit (6) connected downstream of the interrupter and across the safety barrier circuit, the second voltage limiting circuit having a voltage limiting response characteristic which is, preferably, the same as the first voltage limiting circuit within the barrier, and the interrupter having a response threshold which is at least as high, but may be higher than the fuse (9) encapsulated within the circuit.

Abstract: An improved method for producing a multi-colored emblem which may be bonded to a fabric is disclosed which provides and emblem with an embroidered appearance. The emblem is easily heat sealable onto difficult to adhere fabrics. The method generally involves providing a first woven material blank, providing a barrier layer of thermoplastic material, laminating the barrier layer onto one side of said material blank to form an assembly, cutting said assembly to a specific configuration, sewing a thread about the periphery of the cut assembly, and laminating said assembly onto a second woven material blank having a different color. This second assembly is again cut to a complimentary larger configuration and also provided with a thread about the periphery. The two material blanks are then heat sealed together and an adhesive layer is provided to the exposed barrier layer.

Abstract: A lifting clamp includes a clamp body defining a chamber for receiving articles, first and second opposing and facing jaws coupled to the clamp body, and a drive mechanism, coupling the second jaw to the clamp body for moving the second jaw along a path relative to the first jaw within the chamber to engage the articles between the jaws. The drive mechanism has a spindle with first and second spindle parts. The first spindle part is rotatably mounted in the clamp body. The second spindle part supports the second jaw and is guided for longitudinal movement in the first spindle part. The first spindle part drives the second spindle part to move the second jaw.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of hot rolled strip or heavy plates from stainless and refractory steels or from forgeable alloys on a nickel basis with a final thickness in the range of 5 to 60 mm by the production of a slab from monobloc casting or by continuous casting and heating the slab at a temperature above 1100.degree. C. followed by the hot rolling of the slab and accelerated cooling of the product rolled to the end thickness. The characterizing feature of the invention is that the heated slab is rolled without interruptions first to a maximum of 1/6 of its initial thickness, mainly by deformation passes in which the degree of deformation pass in the thickness direction is greater than the degrees of deformation shown by curve A in FIG. 1, in dependence on the surface temperature of the product.

Abstract: In a process for continuously melting scrap (6) and/or pig iron within a converter (1), the converter (1) is heated in proximity of the bottom (3) with sub-stoichiometric burners (4), having their flames (5) essentially radially directed into the interior of the converter (1). In this case, secondary air or O.sub.2 is supplied at a distance above the burner plane for the purpose of completing the combustion. The melt is, optionally together with slag, discharged via a tapping means (9) laterally connected to the converter (1) into a mobile ladle (19). For the purpose of interchanging ladles (19), the converter (1) is swivelled into a position in which the level of the melt is located below the taphole (11).

Abstract: The partial tempering of rolled wire (WD) takes place in a quenching chamber (2), which is disposed following the winding layer (1). Thus work can proceed at the typical rolling speeds of up to 120 m/s, and the annular disposition of the wire in the quenching chamber makes it possible for the cooling line required for tempering to be much shorter. The rolled wire (WD) is shaped into loops (S) in the state in which it is still hot from the rolling mill, and as a result excessuve abrasion of the winding layer (1) does not occur, and the cooled wire has no strains, because the hardened steel does not have to be bent.

Abstract: In a method of securing piling locks in order to transmit thrust, an adhesive is applied between the surfaces of the interlocking halves (1 & 5) of the lock that come into contact with each other in the inside (4) of the lock.

Abstract: In analyzing the texture of rolled metal sheets and strips by means of X-rays or .gamma.-rays that penetrate them, the total beam emitted by the source of radiation is divided by collimators into several component beams, and each component beam is aimed at a different angle at a component area of the sheet or strip being tested. The diffracted radiation that penetrates the sheet is analyzed in accordance with its energy distribution in detectors and the results are processed in a computer.

Abstract: The invention concerns three-layer composites with their plastic core so uniformly enriched with an appropriate percentage by volume of a ferrosilicon with an appropriate particle size that the composites can be securely joined to each other and to sheets of metal alone by resistance welding. The property applies to composites with either a viscously elastic or an impact-resistant core.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a steel strip having a thickness of less than 10 mm by the casting of a steel strand in a cooled continuous ingot mould. After leaving the ingot mould and until the welding of the inner walls of the already solidified strand shell, the not yet thoroughly solidified steel strand is compressed, the thickness of the strand shell being reduced with a degree of deformation of >40%. FIG. 2 is intended for the Abstract.

Abstract: A process for continuously melting steel from largely already reduced iron containing material such as pig iron and/or scrap iron, in which process the melt is poured into a ladle for performing subsequent metallurgical steps. The metallurgical slag is, by adding flux, adjusted to20-77.2% FeO, preferably 25.7-50% FeO10-30% SiO.sub.22-15% Al.sub.2 O.sub.35-20% MgO0.13-6.45% MnO, perferably 0.5-5% MnO1-10% CaO0.1-5% Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3P+S traces.

Abstract: A steel strand having a thickness of 40 to 50 mm in cast in an oscillating mold for continuous casting at a speed of 2 to 20 m/min. The not yet completely solidified steel strand emerging from the mold is squeezed to such an extent that the inner walls of the already solidified strand shell are welded to one another. After the steel strand reduced in thickness in this way has been cooled to 1000.degree. to 1200.degree. C., the strip is rolled out in at least one pass with a 5 to 85% degree of deformation.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating steel melts covered with a slag rich in iron oxide, and employed in particular for continuous steel making processes such as the KVA process, incorporates a height-adjustable injection lance for supplying metals which react exothermally with the melt and with the oxygen in the slag. The nozzle of the injection lance is adjustably arranged above the contents of the ladle so that it can be maintained in the zone of the melt/slag phase boundary.

Abstract: The cable dispenser generally comprises a collapsible stand, a collapsible reel and a hook which interconnects the reel and stand. The collapsible stand includes two inverted, generally U-shaped legs with an apex intermediate the ends of each leg. The legs are pivotably coupled together at their apexes. The legs are movable between a collapsed position in which the legs are alinged one over the other and an in use position in which the legs are crossed. The collapsible reel includes a flat base. A pair of inverted generally V-shaped rods are pivotably mounted to the base. The rods are movable between an in use position in which the rods stand upright on the base and a collapsed position in which the rods lie next to the base. The hook interconnects the reel and the stand, so that when the stand and the reel are in their respected in use positions, the reel rotates freely within the legs and when the stand and the reel are in their respective collapsed positioned, the apparatus is flat.

Abstract: A brake cylinder, especially for rail vehicles, with a simple-acting linkage regulator for maintaining a uniform play between the brake surfaces. A nut that is disposed upon a threaded spindle is connected with first coupling surfaces that cooperate with second coupling surfaces disposed on the piston of the control or operating cylinder. A coupling element that is provided with the first coupling surfaces is further provided with a centrally disposed pin that is guided in the piston of the cylinder. A spring or other member that is under pressure is clamped onto the pin, with this member being secured in such a way that it cannot shift parallel to the axis of the pin nor can it rotate with the pin.

Abstract: To extend the temperature range of composite materials the composite material is made up of more than two hard layers which are joined with thin intermediate layers of viscoelastic material where one intermediate layer differs from another intermediate layer in that its softening range lies in a different temperature range so that the damping ranges of the intermediate layers also are different.