Abstract: A fire control mechanism (4) for an automatic cannon comprises a trigger control member (6), which engages the trigger (3) of the cannon structure (2) and is operable by an actuator (5) to move from an inoperative position against a restoring force to an operative position for operating the trigger. To ensure that the cannon has a capability not only for sustained fire but also for a reliable firing of single shots operative connection between the actuactor (5) and the trigger control member (6) is provided by a clutch (16). An end stop (16) is provided, which is selectively movable to and from an inoperative position and only in said operative position is arranged to disengage said clutch when the actuator has performed the movement which is required to move the trigger control member from its inoperative position to its operative position.

Abstract: A cooling system for water-cooled internal combustion engines, particularly boat motors comprises a pump for circulating cooling water over a heat exchanger and through an expansion vessel, a raw water pump for maintaining a flow of raw water as a cooling fluid through the heat exchanger, a reservoir, and a pressure relief valve and a check valve which are connected in parallel between the expansion vessel and the reservoir. In order to reliably maintain a high pressure in the expansion vessel and to maintain an emergency operation in case of a leak in the cooling system and to accomplish this with simple means, the reservoir is pressure-tight, the line which connects the expansion vessel to the reservoir opens into the uppermost portion of the reservoir, and the raw water pump is connected by a discharge line to the lowermost portion of the reservoir.

Abstract: A shaft coupling comprises two coupling members, which are connected or adapted to be connected to respective shafts. One of the two coupling members is provided on a coupling face with an even number of bores, which have a uniform angular spacing and are either parallel to the axis of rotation of the coupling or radial with respect to said axis. A piston is slidably mounted in each bore and has a coupling end face with is beveled or crowned. Hydraulic lines are provided for applying fluid pressure to each piston at its rear end. The other coupling member is provided on a coupling face with an annular series of alternating elevations and depressions, which also have a uniform angular spacing. By the application of hydraulic pressure to the rear end faces of the pistons, the coupling end faces of the pistons are urged against the elevations and depressions.

Abstract: A firearm comprises a housing, a barrel extending in a first direction, a chamber structure, a trigger and firing means, wherein the chamber structure is constituted by a chamber member, which is separated from the barrel and is movable in the housing in a second direction, which is transverse to the barrel axis, and an actuating mechanism is provided for reciprocating said chamber member in said second direction between a firing position and a loading position. The actuating mechanism comprises a slider, which is movable in said first direction from an initial position to a stand-by position, said slider is adapted to be releasably locked in either of its said positions and comprises a cam opening, which has a can face that extends over the width that is traversed by the chamber member, and cooperates with an actuating pin, which is coupled to the chamber member for a movement in said second direction and extends in a third direction, which is transverse to said first and second directions.

Abstract: A motor vehicle comprises two driven axles (5, 8), which are interconnected by an interaxle coupling (10) for transmitting a torque only when the halves of the coupling (10) rotate at different speeds and by a speed-changing transmission (9) connected in series with the coupling (10). A brake system (12 to 15) is provided for braking the wheels of both axles (5, 8). In order to ensure that the wheels of the driven rear axle (8) will not block before the wheels of the driven front axle (5), a pressure-setting controller (17) is adapted to control a brake pressure regulator (16) associated with the driven rear axle (8) and is responsive to a reversal of the direction in which torque is transmitted to and from the driven rear axle (8).

Abstract: In a drive system for motor vehicles having two drive axles, one of said driven axles is driven by means comprising a liquid friction coupling. In order to permit the use of a relatively small liquid friction coupling and to permit the interdependence of the speed difference between the coupling halves of the liquid friction coupling and the torque transmission capacity to be modulated within a large range with simple means, one coupling half of the preferably controllable liquid friction coupling is held against rotation, the other coupling half is connected to one torque-transmitting member of a planetary gear train having three torque-transmitting members, another of said three torque-transmitting members is arranged to be driven by the motor, and the third of said torque-transmitting members is connected to the axles to drive the same.

Abstract: A trigger mechanism for automatic hand firearms with a catching lever is disclosed. The catching lever bears at its forward end a catching pawl which comprises a double-arm rocking lever. The forward arm of the lever is supported against the force of a lock spring by a spring-suspended abutment, while an expanding pressure spring is located between the rearward lever arm of the rocking lever and the catching lever. This arrangement achieves a favorable distribution of forces on discharge of the firearm, so that the catching elements can be produced from lightweight materials.

Abstract: A firearm (1) comprises a housing (2), a barrel (3), means defining a chamber (5), and a firing mechanism including a trigger (10). The chamber (5) is defined by a chamber member (4), which is separate from the barrel (3) and is mounted in the housing (2) for reciprocation between a firing position and a loading position transversely to the axis of the barrel. In the firing position, a forward end of the chamber (5) coaxially adjoins and is open to the barrel bore and the rear end of the chamber (5) is closed by a closing wall (7) of the housing (2). In the loading position, both ends of the chamber (5) are exposed on the outside of the housing and spaced from the barrel and the closing wall.

Abstract: In a cooling system for floatable and/or submersible motor vehicles having a liquid-cooled engine the radiator (1) is accommodated in a chamber (2), which during land travel is flown through by air supplied by a fan (V) and which admits water when the vehicle is submerged or floating. In order to decrease the loss of buoyancy when the vehicle is floating or submerged and to reduce any lateral shifting of weight, the chamber (2) contains a partition (5), which divides the heat exchange surfaces of the radiator into two sections at least on the cold side. The air supply duct (6) opens into the preferably larger compartment (2a), which is disposed on one side of the partition and provided with flow passages (8), which lead to the outside and are adapted to be closed. The other compartment (2b) is preferably smaller and is adapted to be shut off from the compartment (2a) and is the only compartment which is floodable.

Abstract: A transmission unit particularly intended for use as a differential between driven axles of a vehicle comprises an epicyclic gear train having three rotatable members, specifically, an input member connected to an input shaft, a second member connected to one section of a liquid friction coupling, and an output member connected to an output shaft. To avoid an occurrence of constraining torques as the vehicle is steered and to permit a modulation within a wide range of the relationship between the speed difference between the sections of the coupling and the torque limit of the transmission unit, the second section of the liquid friction coupling is non-rotatably connected to a stationary structure of the transmission unit, specifically to a housing of the epicyclic gear train. Alternatively, said second section of the coupling may be adapted to be held against rotation by a brake, so that the axles of the vehicles can easily be uncoupled from each other.

Abstract: An interaxle differential system connecting two driven axles of a motor vehicle comprises a restrainable differential and a planetary gear train, which comprises three torque-transmitting members which have parallel axes. Two of said torque-transmitting members are operatively connected to two output shafts of the differential. A restraining device is connected to the third of said torque-transmitting members. In an interaxle differential system for use in a passenger car, the restraining device is a controllable liquid friction coupling, one coupling half of which is held against rotation.

Abstract: A control system for controlling an internal combustion engine which is provided with at least one fuel injection pump which comprises for the control of the fuel injection pump a control rod, a servomotor, which is adapted to be mechanically coupled to said control rod, and a microcomputer for controlling said servomotor in dependence on operating conditions of the engine and on the position of an arbitrarily operable travel control lever. Means are provided for establishing a direct mechanical connection between the arbitrarily operable travel control lever and the control rod so that the latter can be moved under the control of the travel control lever in case of a failure of the electric system which comprises the sensors, the microcomputer and the servomotor.

Abstract: An axle and suspension assembly for mounting two unsteerable wheels of a motor vehicle comprises a crosspiece secured by means of elastic mounting bodies to a rigid structure of the vehicle. The mounting bodies have different stiffnesses in different directions in a generally horizontal plane. Two wheel carriers are linked to the crosspiece by means of two lower transverse control arms arranged at acute angles to each other, and, in addition, each wheel carrier is connected to the rigid structure by a longitudinal control arm. The crosspiece is also connected to the rigid structure of the vehicle by two diagonal struts.

Abstract: A motor vehicle having at least two live axles is driven by an engine having an output shaft which is transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle. That engine is succeeded by a change-speed transmission having shafts which are parallel to the output shaft of the engine. The change-speed transmission drives one live axle via a spur gear train and drives the second live axle via a first angle drive that is operatively connected to the spur gear drive, a second angle drive that is operatively connected to the second live axle, and a universal-joint shaft interconnected between the first and second angle drives. To permit the input shaft of the first angle drive to be arranged as close as possible to the change-speed transmission without an increase of the driving pinion of the second angle drive in diameter, a planetary gear train is interconnected between the first angle drive and the universal-joint shaft.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines comprises a nozzle body (1) and a nozzle needle (5) guided therein. The nozzle body (1) terminates in a nozzle cap (3) in which ejection bores (4) are provided and which forms at the inside a conical valve seat (6) against which the nozzle needle (5) is pressed. The nozzle needle (5) lifts under the pressure of the fuel supplied in a first lifting phase against the force of a spring (8) off the valve seat (6) and bears on a stop (19). This stop (19) is limitedly displaceable in a second lifting phase against the force of a further spring (9). To reduce the hydrocarbon emissions in the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine and diminish ignition noise, the generated surface (M) of the imaginary cylinder formed in extension of the ejection bore (4) between the inner edge (R) thereof and the surface of the nozzle needle (5) lifted off the valve seat in the first lifting phase is made smaller than the cross-section of the ejection bore (4).

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines comprises a nozzle needle (2) guided in a nozzle body (1) and loaded by a helical pressure spring (4). The nozzle needle (2) moves under the pressure of the fuel out of its closure position onto a stop (6) which in turn is loaded by a further but stronger helical pressure spring (7) and limitedly displaceable against the force thereof. The stronger helical pressure spring (7) surrounds the weaker helical pressure spring (4) and the fuel flows through a bore (5) parallel to the spring axis. To achieve a reduction of the external diameter of the injection nozzle in the region of the two springs (4, 7) the latter arranged eccentrically rather than coaxially. Furthermore, between them a preferably likewise eccentric bush (8) is provided through which in the region of its greatest wall thickness the bore (5) for the inflowing fuel extends.

Abstract: A drive mechanism for motor vehicles having two drive axles is disclosed. The drive mechanism includes a transmission drive followed by a differential gear unit. The differential gear unit includes first and second driven members. The first driven member is drivingly connected to the first drive axle and, via a spur gear drive system, to a first set of friction plates in a fluid friction clutch unit. The second driven member is drivingly connected to the second drive axle and, also via a spur gear drive system, to a second set of friction plates in a fluid friction clutch unit. The first set of plates and the second set of plates of the clutch unit are frictionally coupled to each other and thus act to equalize the rotational speeds of the two drive axles.To enhance the operation of the drive mechanism, the spur gear drive system connecting the driven members to the clutch unit provides a gear ratio greater than one.

Abstract: In a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine comprising a scavenged crankcase and a fuel injection nozzle (10), the formation of a more satisfactory mixture is desired and the use of a piston having smaller dimensions is to be permitted and this is to be accomplished substantially without an increase of the technical structure expenditure. For this purpose the nozzle (10) discharges a jet of fuel from the crankcase side into the interior of the hollow piston (5) so that at least part of the discharged fuel jet impinges on the piston head (13) as the piston moves toward the crankcase (1).

Abstract: A liquid friction coupling, which preferably constitutes a differential arranged in the shaft line between two driven axles of a vehicle, consists of a rotatable housing (1), which is filled with a viscous liquid, a shaft (2), which protrudes into the housing (1), and a number of interdigitating blades (5, 6). The blades (5) of one set are non-rotatably connected to the housing (1) and the blades (6) of the other set are non-rotatably connected to the shaft (2). The shaft (2) includes a cavity (4), which serves to receive liquid from the housing (1) and contains a spring-loaded slider (8). In order to effect an automatic control of the torque which can be transmitted during the starting period, the slider in the cavity (4) of the shaft constitutes a sliding valve member (8), which cooperates with slots or the like, which are formed in the shaft and lead into the housing (1). The sliding valve member (8) is adjustable in dependence on a performance variable, preferably in dependence on temperature.

Abstract: A cocking slide (2,3) for automatic hand firearms serves for manually pulling back the spring loaded lock of the weapon by means of a one-way coupling (8,9). The cocking slide (2,3) comprises a handle (3), projecting laterally from the weapon, which possesses a device (11,12,13) for arbitrarily blocking the one-way coupling (8,9). In order to safeguard the cocking slide (2,3), in spite of it being easy and safe to actuate, against damage by the effect of external forces, and to enable the lock to be urged forward by means of the cocking slide (2,3), the handle (3) consists of a guiding part (4) and a grip part (6). The grip part (6) is spring-loaded and slewable about an axle parallel with the barrel. Moreover, the grip part is slewable toward the weapon against spring bias over the entire path of the cocking slide, whereby the one-way coupling (8,9) can be blocked.