Abstract: A drive system for motor vehicles having a motor which has an axis that is transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle comprises either a manually operable change-speed transmission which is disposed substantially beside the motor, or an automatic change-speed transmission which is coaxial to the drive shafts of the front axle. The change-speed transmission is operatively connected to the front axle differential of the vehicle, optionally via idler gears, and is operatively connected by an angle drive to a shaft which leads to and is operatively connected to the rear axle.

Abstract: In a mechanical sighting device for rifles, the front sight (6) is adjustable vis-a-vis the rifle barrel (1) as to height and sidewardly. In order to enable a height- and a sideward-adjustment independently of each other, and to guarantee at the same time a sturdy construction to be operable in a simple manner, the carrier (3) is supported slewably about the rifle barrel (1), and there is provided a finger (2) affixed on the rifle barrel (1). In the carrier (3) there is supported a setting screw (11) which crosses at right angle the rifle barrel (1), or the swivel axis of the carrier (3), respectively, and is supported on the finger (2). The foresight (6) is screwed into a bore (5) radial to the swivel axis of the carrier (3).

Abstract: A temperature compensating fluid friction clutch is disclosed. The fluid friction clutch comprises a housing substantially filled with a viscous fluid, a shaft disposed within the housing, and mutually interengaging inner and outer plates connected to the shaft and housing for rotation about an axis within the housing. Spacers are located in the gaps between the plates, while the plates are axially displaceable so as to vary the size of the gaps. Temperature responsive elements are also provided to compensate for any reduction in the fluid viscosity when the temperature of the fluid rises. The temperature responsive elements, which may be in various forms, act to decrease the size of the gaps between the inner and outer plates when the temperature of the viscous fluid rises. In one embodiment, the temperature responsive elements comprise an expansion element connected to the inner and outer plates and which expands upon an increase in temperature.

Abstract: The breech block of a hand firearm consists essentially of a breech block carrier being displaceable against the force of a return spring, and a breech block being supported for relative movement in the breech block carrier and being traversed by an ignition pin. The barrel of the hand firearm is firmly connected with the stock or similar part thereof. In order to reduce the return speed of the breech block without increasing its mass, the breech block carrier is provided, behind the closing element being longitudinally displaceable in the same, with a latch which is located in the plane of symmetry of the lock and can be displaced transversely to the direction in which the barrel extends. In closed position of the breech block, the latch is in contact, with little play, by means of a rearward oblique face thereof, with a counter face of the stock or the like part. Moveover, the latch and the breech block have faces of equal slope adapted for cooperation as a pair of "inclined planes".

Abstract: A unit for coupling a displaceable operating member such as a bar or shaft with a regulating member, in particular a regulating rod of a fuel injection aggregate of an internal combustion engine, comprises a casing and a cam which can be clamped on the operating member, by means of a screw, to project therefrom. This cam which comprises an internally threaded nut engages the regulating member whose movement in one direction is limited by a stop or the like abutting organ. The operating member is provided with a transverse bore which can register with a bore in the casing, and a fixing pin is lodged in the casing bore and the transverse bore when the regulating members are in a basic position. In order to attain automatically the positioning of the cam and the operating member relative to each other, achieved by a basic adjustment, and to provide a relatively simple construction facilitating assembly of the unit, the internal nut threading is designed to be self-locking.

Abstract: A transmission for a motor vehicle comprises a multispeed change gear set comprising a plurality of loose spur gears and a plurality of fixed spur gears, each of which is permanently in mesh with one of the loose spur gears. The transmission comprises a second gear set, which is adapted to be selectively driven by the change gear set. The change gear set comprises an input shaft and two gear set output shafts. The loose spur gears for relatively low speeds are rotatably mounted on and adapted to be coupled to the first gear set output shaft. The loose spur gears for relatively high speeds are rotatably mounted on and adapted to be coupled to the second gear set output shaft. To simplify the structure and to reduce the overall size of the transmission in the direction of the input and output shafts, an additional spur gear is non-rotatably mounted on each gear set output shaft and is in mesh with a common idler gear, which is adapted to be coupled to a pinion, which is in mesh with a final output gear.

Abstract: An air-compressing reciprocating piston-equipped internal combustion engine comprises, in a piston head of the piston, a cavity being axially symmetrical about a central cavity axis and constituting a combustion chamber, as well as a fuel injection nozzle for injecting fuel directly into the said cavity. The nozzle has a longitudinal nozzle axis which encloses with the central cavity axis an acute angle. In order to generate a rotary motion of an air charge fed into the said cavity, there is provided a correspondingly designed air-feeding unit.

Abstract: An air-compressing reciprocating piston-equipped internal combustion engine comprises, in the frontal face of a piston head, a rotation-symmetrical cavity as a combustion chamber, a fuel-feeding unit generating a rotary motion of the air charge entering the cavity, and a fuel injection unit. The fuel injection unit is provided with an injection nozzle for injecting fuel directly into the cavity constituting the combustion chamber. In order to achieve a higher degree of efficiency, a decrease of the emission of polluting gases and of noise, as well as a relief of the mechanically highly stressed parts of the engine, the rotary motion of the air charge generated by the fuel-feeding unit is given a swirl number of about 1.5 to 2.5. Furthermore, the diameter (d) of the combustion chamber-constituting cavity is between about 55 to 75% of the diameter (D) of the cylinder, and finally, the fuel injection nozzle has at least four orifices.

Abstract: In a drive system for automobiles having two driven axles, a differential gearing between the axles serves at the same time as distributor gearing. A fluid friction clutch is associated with the differential gearing as an optional differential lock thereof. In order to guarantee that the distribution of the driving torques to the two axles can be changed either arbitrarily by hand or automatically on the basis of various operational data, each of the two parts of the fluid friction clutch, adapted for being coupled with each other, is driven from one of two output members of the differential gearing. A preferably continuously adjustable change-speed gearing is associated with one of the two output members. At least one piston drive for acting upon the change-speed gearing and a control unit lodged in an actuating line for the piston drive, as well as a governor for processing operational data of the vehicle or the engine thereof can also be provided.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines comprises a nozzle needle being supported in a casing and adapted for obturating the orifices of the nozzle under spring pressure and for opening them under fuel pressure. An abutment which is adjustable in that it reduces the length of the opening stroke of the injection needle when the internal combustion engine operates in a speed range from idling speed to at most a medium speed and under a small load, can be actuated by means of a spring-biased piston urged upon by a pressure medium. In order to guarantee a continuous adjustability of the abutment, the pressure medium acting upon the piston is fed via a pressure-regulating valve, and a control unit, influenced at least by the engine speed and load prevailing at any given time, is provided for controlling this pressure-regulating valve. The piston is arranged in a cylinder having an axis which intersects the axis of the nozzle needle at a first angle slightly deviating from 90.degree..

Abstract: In a combination which includes a fuel injection unit and a cylinder of a diesel engine provided with a cover, and formed with a fuel bore communicating with a suction chamber, a piston is reciprocally moving within the cylinder, and is provided with a slanted front and rear control edge for regulating the quantity of fuel. The cylinder and piston define piston- and cylinder-surfaces separated from each other by a very small clearance, and are movable relative to each other; an injection nozzle includes a spring-loaded needle, a common casing houses the piston and the cylinder, a securing flange is disposed between the fuel bore and an end of the cylinder facing the cover, a tensioning device stresses the securing flange against the cover, and the piston, during its stroke, passes over the fuel bore.

Abstract: An injection unit which is associated with a cylinder of a multicylinder diesel engine and comprises an injection nozzle and an injection piston pump which is disposed in a common housing and is driveable by a cam shaft. Said pump comprises a rotatable pump piston which is displaceable in a pump cylinder and has two control edges disposed axially spaced from each other for at least one fuel passage of the pump cylinder. To obtain the desired injection accuracy by accurately observing only a few dimensions during the production and without further tests, measuring and adjusting operations, the pump piston (3) and the pump cylinder (14) each comprise at least one stop face (24, 25) extending transversely preferably normal to the pump longitudinal axis. Said faces cooperate in the basic position of the pump piston (3) assumed in the installation of the unit in the engine directly or indirectly with simultaneous rotational position fixing of the pump piston (3).

Abstract: An air compressing reciprocating in-line compression-ignition internal combustion engine comprises for each cylinder a fuel injection unit comprising a fuel injection pump and a fuel injection nozzle. Each fuel injection unit is operated by a camshaft via a rocker lever and a cam follower roller mounted on said lever. The camshaft is rotatably mounted between the cylinders in transverse walls provided on the cylinder heads. The camshaft carries injection control cams and valve control cams for actuating the gas exchange valves by means of cam follower levers, which are pivoted at one end to the cylinder head and at the other end engage the gas exchange valves and are provided with cylindrically curved engaging surfaces for contacting the valve control cams.

Abstract: A driving and steering mechanism of a track-laying vehicle comprises a drive motor, which has a motor shaft that is parallel to and extends beside the vertical longitudinal center plane of the vehicle, a shiftable transmission, which operatively connects said shaft to a power train, which comprises an angle drive and a universal-joint shaft, two planetary spur gear trains for driving respective propelling wheels of the vehicle and adapted to be driven by said power train, and a controllable hydrostatic transmission, which is operatively connected to said drive motor and arranged to rotate two gear members of respective ones of said planetary spur gear trains in mutually opposite senses.

Abstract: A universal joint transmission for a rearwards gear transmission that has a shaft which is in driving engagement with the interior of the receiving hub of the universal joint, but is movable longitudinally relative to the receiving hub, the transmission including a driving gear hub which is hollow, and which adjoins the receiving hub, its interior forming with the inside of the receiving hub a space in which the shaft extends from the gear hub into the receiving hub, the driving coupling member of the universal joint being in driving connection with the gear hub, the gear hub and a ring member of the coupling device of the universal joint being formed internally flaring outwardly to provide for easy pivoting of the shaft.

Abstract: A fuel injection unit for each cylinder of a diesel engine includes a housing which accommodates a piston pump and an injection nozzle. The piston pump includes a cylinder liner in which a piston runs and controls a flow passage radially extending in the cylinder liner. The flow passage communicates with a supply space which is provided between the housing and the cylinder liner and is divided in vicinity of the flow passage by a baffle sleeve. The so formed two chambers are connected to separate inlet and outlet lines, i.e. that one chamber is connected to the inlet line while the other chamber communicates with the outlet line.

Abstract: A pistol comprises a substantially U-shaped magazine catch, which is slidably mounted in a track that extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the magazine. One leg of the magazine catch constitutes a pushpiece. The other leg of the magazine catch constitutes a locking member, which extends into a lateral slot of the magazine. A compression spring is provided, which extends along the track and holds the magazine catch in engagement with the magazine. To facilitate the alteration of the pistol from a condition for use by a right-handed person to a condition for use by a left-handed person, the track is provided in the detachable trigger guard and is open toward that surface of the trigger guard which adjoins the grip. The crosspiece of the magazine catch has a recess, which receives an abutment member, which is held in the track by stop noses against a movement along the track.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the quantity of fuel injected per shot or the beginning of fuel injection in a diesel engine comprises a control rod, which is adjustable by a stepping motor through the intermediary of a resiliently yieldable coupling. The control rod acts to control the injection pump or pumps. In order to provide a structurally simple apparatus which comprises a low-power stepping motor and to eliminate backlash between the cooperating elements of the apparatus, the shaft of the stepping motor carries a camwheel, which is indirectly engaged by the control rod, which is biased by a spring. The resiliently yieldable coupling can be coaxial with the camwheel and adapted to rotate as far as to stop only in one sense of rotation whereas the coupling is rigidly connected to the camwheel for a movement in the other sense of rotation.

Abstract: A motor vehicle comprises a floor pan having stepped portions, and a steerable axle with a pair of steerable wheels suspended from the floor pan adjoining the stepped portions on the outside thereof.

Abstract: A rifle breech assembly comprises a housing adapted to receive the barrel at one end and slidably to receive the breechblock at the other end. The latter carries at its forward end locking bosses, and the housing is formed with grooves which receive the locking bosses and open into an annular recess defined by the rear end of the barrel and permitting a rotation of the breechblock. The breechblock is provided with a resilient pivotally movable extractor disposed between two locking bosses and terminating in an extractor hook. The inside surface of the housing wall constitutes adjacent to the annular recess a surface for radially supporting the extractor hook when the breechblock is locked. A recess which permits a pivotal movement of the extractor is disposed beside that supporting surface in the peripheral direction.