Abstract: Polymeric stabilizers having a polysiloxanic structure contain reactive groups which can be linked to the polymeric structure to be stabilized and sterically hindered piperidinic groups. These polymeric stabilizers are particularly suitable for the stabilization of organic polymers against U.V. radiation and heat, when it is required for them not to be extracted by solvents, fats or soaps.

Abstract: Organic mono- or di-isocyanates are prepared by the decomposition of the corresponding urethanes, by means of a continuous process in which:(a) an urethane flow is continuously fed to a decomposition reactor containing a liquid mixture, composed of a high boiling inert organic solvent, of an unaltered urethane and isocyanate, kept at the boiling conditions of the solvent, at a temperature suitable to decompose the urethane and evaporate the alcohol which is the co-product of the reaction;(b) the liquid mixture is continuously withdrawn from the reactor in (a) and is fed to a flash equipment, at an operating temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of the urethane, where the isocyanate is partially evaporated and the residuous liquid mixture is recycled to the reactor in (a); and(c) the steam flow generated in (b) is distilled to separate the isocyanate in pure or substantially pure form.

Abstract: Dimethyl carbonate is prepared by means of a continuous process:* by feeding, to a reaction chamber, methanol, carbon monoxide and oxygen, to a liquid reaction mixture with substantially constant composition and volume, containing methanol, dimethyl carbonate, water, and a copper catalyst;* vaporizing from the reaction mixture a stream of methanol, water and dimethyl carbonate, which is developed together with the carbonmonoxide-containing gas stream; and* recovering water and dimethyl carbonate from said vaporized mixture, in amounts substantially equal to the respective amounts thereof which are formed in the reaction chamber and recycling the other components.The process, which is essentially characterized in that in the liquid reaction mixture a methanol concentration and a water concentration are maintained which are respectively equal to, or higher than, 30% by weight, and equal to, or lower than, 10% by weight, makes it possible dimethyl carbonate to be obtained with an improved productivity.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing a di-alkyl carbonate, e.g. dimethylcarbonate, via oxidative carbonylation of the corresponding alkanol, e.g. methanol, in the presence of a catalyst system which comprises a copper alkoxy-halide and a quantity of between 0.5 and 10 mol % of C.sub.u X.sub.2 or HX with respect to the total moles of copper. In this manner extremely high di-alkyl carbonate formation rates are obtained.

Abstract: A liquid composition comprising:(A) a monomeric, or essentially monomeric, diallyl-carbonate of a possibly halogenated diol containing aromatic groups; or a diallyl-ester of a halogenated aromatic bicarboxy acid;(B) a reactive monomer selected from diallyl orthophthalate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl terephthalate, triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate;(C) an oligomeric, or essentially oligomeric, diallyl-carbonate of diethylene glycolis polymerized under the action of a free-radical initiator, in order to yield optical articles having a high refractive index, low light dispersion, and with enhanced mechanical and color characteristics.

Abstract: Compounds which can be defined by the formula (I):CF.sub.3 --C.sub.n F.sub.2n --C.sub.m H.sub.2m --CH.sub.3 (I)wherein:n is a numeral comprised within the range of from 1 to 21;m is a numeral comprised within the range of from 3 to 25;n+m is a numeral equal to, or higher than, 18;with the chain of carbon atoms being either linear or branchedare used as agents affording sliding characteristics (ski-waxes) for skis, to be applied onto the ski sole, and/or to be incorporated inside the ski sole. A sliding composition is also disclosed, which contains a paraffinic wax and at least one compound with formula (I).

Abstract: A method for generating a parametric design on a computer without the use of a programming language. A drawing processor is used to create a master drawing from which other drawings of different dimensions can then be synthesized by modification of the master drawing. Instead of each dimension in the master drawing being given a fixed value, it is given a label. These labels are replaced at run time by dimensions the user provides or dimensions which are calculated as described in a design plan. When the program is run, the system uses simple language to prompt the user for each design value. It incorporates the response with data previously entered into the design plan. If a response is unclear, a request is made for clarification. As a draftman would do, the invention merges the design values with data from both the design plan and the master drawing to create a finished drawing. In executing a parametric design, the user selects the controlling design plan to be used as a basis of the design.

Abstract: A liquid composition which can undergo radical polymerization to produce an almost colorless and easily dyeable organic glass, containing (i) at least one poly(allyl carbonate) of a polyhydroxy alcohol having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms and from 2 to 6 hydroxy groups in the molecule, and (ii) at least one aliphatic polyol having from 2 to 5 hydroxy groups in the molecule, in quantities from 0.01 to 1% by weight on the whole composition.

Abstract: New compounds of the spiro-indoline-oxazine class possessing photochromatic and photosensitizing charecteristics are definable by the general formula (I): ##STR1## where the substituents R, R.sup.1 -R.sup.7 and A are as defined in the description. The process for preparing the compounds (I) is described, as is their use as photochromic agents able to confer photochromatic characteristics on the articles in which they are incorporated, and as photosensitizing agents.

Abstract: A photochromatic composition contains at least two photochromatic compounds, defined by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein the various substituents from R.sub.1 to R.sub.7 and X are as defined in the specification.In such a mixture, at least one photochromatic compound is defined by the general formula, wherein R.sub.7 represents a hydrogen atom, and at least one further compound is also defined by the general formula, wherein R.sub.7 represents an -NR.sub.8 R.sub.9, with R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 having the meaning as defined in the text.

Abstract: Phenols are oxidated to quinones with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of catalytic amounts of bromine, iodine, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide.

Abstract: New photochromatic and thermochromatic compounds of the spirooxazepin-oxazine class are definable by the general formula (I): ##STR1## where the substituents R and R.sub.1 -R.sub.12 are as defined in the description.The process for the preparation of the compounds (I) is described, as is their use as photochromatic and thermochromatic agents.

Abstract: Acrylic or alkyd resin and polyester based covering or coating compositions are stabilized against the action of light and moisture by adding, possibly in the presence of conventional stabilizers and antioxidants, at least one compound containing at least one N-substituted, sterically hindered piperidino, morpholino or pyrrolidino group, and at least one silyl function, or a polymer structure with a polyorganosiloxane structure containing sterically hindered piperidino groups in the molecule.

Abstract: A continuous process is described for preparing a di-alkyl carbonate, e.g. dimethylcarbonate, via oxidative carbonylation of the corresponding alkanol, e.g. methanol, in the presence of a catalyst system containing a copper alkoxy-halide and water with a mole ratio of the water to the copper salt of between 0.25 and 2.0 and preferably between 0.5 and 1. In this manner extremely high di-alkyl carbonate formation rates are obtained.

Abstract: A stabilizing composition for thermoplastic organic polymers containing measured quantities of: (a) a sterically hindered phenol; (b) a triarylphosphite; and (c) a dialkylthiodipropionate. Stabilized polymer compositions are also described containing a thermoplastic organic polymer, in particular a polyolefin, and a stabilizing quantity of said stabilizing composition, which possess excellent characteristics in relation to their melt flow index and color when subjected to repeated extrusion and in relation to their long-term thermal stability.

Abstract: Organic glasses and surface coatings are prepared, with short hardening cycles, by submitting to the action of U.V. light a liquid polymerizable composition containing at least one di-(allyl carbonate) or poly(allyl carbonate) of a diol or polyol, a photoinitiator and a vinyl ester monomer and/or an organic peroxide.The composition can additionally contain small amounts of an organic compound selected from among those compounds which are used in the art in order to stabilize the organic polymers to the degrading action of U.V. light.The composition is preferably heated before being treated with U.V. light.

Abstract: Organic carbonates: ##STR1## and cyclic organic carbonates: ##STR2## are prepared by reacting an alcohol (R--OH), or respectively a diol (HO--R'--OH), with carbon monoxide, in the presence of:a halogen, ora halogen and/or a halide ion and an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: Copolyester-diol polycarbonates fluid at room temperature, having a number average molecular weight comprised within the range of from 1,500 to 6,000 with a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) lower than -45.degree. C., useful in the sector of polyurethanes and in the sector of sealants, are obtained by means of a reaction of transesterification by starting from:(a) and organic carbonate,(b) an aliphatic diol,(c) an oligopolyester-diol.This latter is the product of reaction of an aliphatic bicarboxy acid with a mixture of two or more diols, comprising neopentyl glycol.

Abstract: New photochromatic and thermochromatic compounds of the spiro-oxazepin-oxazine class are definable by the general formula (I): ##STR1## where the substituents R and R.sub.1 -R.sub.12 are defined in the description.The process for the preparation of the compounds (I) is described, as is their use as photochromatic and thermochromatic agents.

Abstract: A novel method for preparing crystalline, porous boro-silicates and boron-metal-silicates isostructural with beta zeolite is disclosed.This method makes it possible the times required by the synthesis of such zeolites to be reduced, and said preparations to be carried out with larger reaction volumes.