Abstract: Disclosed embodiments are a computing system and a computer-implemented method for distributed training of a machine learning model over a plurality of computing nodes, in a plurality of iterations, characterized by gradient gap based mitigation of the gradient staleness problem. The disclosed method evaluates the staleness of the gradient based on the difference in gradients between a central point, for example an iteration's common starting point, and the points reached by the respective computing node during one or more iterations, and aggregates the update steps from the plurality of computing nodes, while giving more weight to computing nodes having a lesser change in the gradient.

Abstract: A method of applying proof of lottery to select block forgers in a blockchain, comprising performing the following at a certain one of a plurality of computing nodes connected to a blockchain network: (1) transmitting one or more of a plurality of participation transactions submitted by at least some of the plurality of computing nodes for participating in selection process conducted to select forgers from the plurality of computing nodes to forge blocks to be added to the blockchain; (2) determining a respective forger, during each selection process, by applying a selection function to an outcome of a hash function and a plurality of participation transactions extracted from a first subset of blocks preceding the respective block, the hash function is applied to a second subset of blocks preceding the respective block; and (3) forging the respective block in case the certain computing node is selected as the respective forger.

Abstract: Conjugates of fibrinogen and a plurality of curable groups covalently attached thereto, and curable formulations comprising such conjugates, are provided. Also provided are three-dimensional objects (scaffolds) made of the conjugate or the curable formulation, for example, by additive manufacturing, and uses thereof in, for example, tissue healing and/or regeneration.

Abstract: A method comprising: receiving an image of a scene, segmenting the image into a plurality of segments, obtaining at least one depth sample from each of at least some of the segments, and with respect to each of the at least some of the segments, assigning a value of the depth sample to each pixel in the segment, to create a depth image of the image.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided including an acoustic sensor (50) having an optical waveguide (20). The optical waveguide (20) includes a waveguide core (202) having a waveguide core refractive index and a waveguide core photo-elastic coefficient, and an over-cladding layer (204) coupled to the waveguide core (202) and including an optically transparent polymer having an over-cladding refractive index and an over-cladding photo-elastic coefficient. The waveguide core refractive index is greater than the over-cladding refractive index, and the over-cladding photo-elastic coefficient is greater than the waveguide core photo-elastic coefficient. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating cancer comprising the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of KPC1, a peptide which is at least about 70% homologous to the KPC1 or an agent which up-regulates KPC1. In some embodiments, there is also provided a method for treating cancer comprising the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of p50, a peptide which is at least about 70% homologous to the p50 or an agent which up-regulates p50.

Abstract: A method for automatic determining of a state of a heart of a patient based on multiple-lead ECG information of the patient, the method includes (a) receiving the multiple-lead ECG information of the patient, by a computerized system; and (b) applying one or more machine learning processes on the multiple-lead ECG information of the patient to determine the state of a heart of the patient, wherein the state of the heart comprises at least one heart condition of multiple types of heart conditions. One, some or all of the one or more machine learning processes was trained using a dataset that comprises multiple computer generated images, the multiple computer generated images represent images acquired by an image acquisition process of ECG plots, wherein the ECG plots are generated based on digital multiple-lead ECG signals.

Abstract: A method for sensing gas by a gas sensing device, the method may include generating, by a semiconductor temperature sensing element that is spaced apart from a gas reactive element and is thermally coupled to the gas reactive element, detection signals that are indicative of a temperature of the gas reactive element; wherein the gas reactive element and the semiconductor temperature sensing element are of microscopic scale; and processing, by a readout circuit of the gas sensing device, the detection signals to provide information about a gas that affected the temperature of the gas reactive element.

Abstract: A digital to analog converter is constructed using a neural network layer. The converter has inputs for receiving parallel bits of a digital input signal and an output for outputting an analog signal which is based on the digital input. Connecting the input and the output is a neural network layer which is configured to convert the parallel bits into an output analog signal that is representative of the digital input signal. The neural network may be hardwired and the synapses may rely on memristors as programmable elements.

Abstract: There may be provided method for estimating an information unit represented by a cluster of traces that are noisy copies of a synthesized strand, the method may include estimating the information unit by applying processing operations on r-tuples related to the traces, wherein r is smaller than a number (t) of traces of the cluster; wherein processing operations applied on at least some of the r-tuples comprise calculating a length of a shortest common supersequences (SCS) of the r-tuples.

Abstract: A method comprising receiving data representing light intensity values corresponding to a flicker pattern of a reference light source powered by an alternating current (AC); operating a controllable illumination source, based, at least in part, on said data; capturing, using an imaging device, a sequence of images of a scene illuminated, at least in part, by said controllable illumination source; estimating an intensity value for at least one pixel in said array, correspondingly in each of said images in said sequence of images; and determining a temporal point in said flicker pattern of said reference light source, based, at least in part, on said estimating.

Abstract: There is provided a method of computing lineage, comprising: managing a dataset of records, each record associated with set(s) of vectors of real numbers that encode an approximation of lineage of the respective record, the set(s) of vectors computed by an encoding process, obtaining result record(s) in response to executing a query on the dataset, computing set(s) of vectors for the result record(s), searching the set(s) of vectors on the records of the dataset to identify a record associated with a subset of vectors that are statistically similar to the set(s) of vectors for the result record(s), and providing a subset of the records corresponding to the identified subset of records, the subset of the records having a likelihood of contributing to the existence of the result record(s) in response to execution of the query.

Abstract: Well-defined, xeno-free culture media which comprise a TGF-beta isoform or the chimera formed between IL6 and the soluble IL6 receptor (IL6RIL6), which are capable of maintaining stem cells, and particularly, human embryonic stem cells, in an undifferentiated state are provided. Also provided are cell cultures comprising the culture media and the stem cells and methods of expanding and deriving embryonic stem cells in such well-defined, xeno-free culture media. In addition, the present invention provides methods of differentiating ESCs or EBs formed therefrom for the generation of lineage specific cells.

Abstract: Compositions made of laminate comprised of porous carbon nanotube (CNT) are disclosed. Uses of the Compositions, particularly for reducing a formation of a load of a microorganism or of a biofilm, are also disclosed.

Abstract: An ultrasound detection device comprising: an ultrasound receiver configured to generate a signal indicative of a pressure of ultrasound that impinges on the receiver; and a coded mask comprising an ultrasound-blocking material perforated by an array of a plurality of apertures, the apertures arranged such that when the coded mask is placed over the receiver between the receiver and a source of ultrasound in a predetermined lateral position, the ultrasound is transmitted from the ultrasound source to the receiver via a known unique pattern of active apertures of the plurality of apertures such that the signal that is generated by the receiver is a multiplexed signal.

Abstract: A submersible vehicle comprising: an image sensor; a first illuminator; at least one hardware processor operatively coupled with said image sensor and first illuminator, and the at least one hardware processor being configured to: acquire a first image of a scene inside a medium, when there is no object along the line-of-sight (LOS), under illumination from a first location or orientation, acquire a second image of the scene inside the medium, when there is no object along the LOS, under illumination from a second, different location or orientation, and compute attenuation coefficients, one per color channel, based on backscatter in the first and second images.

Abstract: The ubiquitin ligase, RNF5, regulates the gut microbiota composition and influences the immune checkpoint response to tumors. RNF5 deficient animals exhibit significant inhibition of tumor development as well as an altered gut microbiota composition. Methods of treating cancer by administering to a subject one or more selected bacterial species and/or one or more prebiotics that promote the growth of one or more selected bacterial species are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of treating cancer by administering to a subject one or more selected bacterial species and/or one or more prebiotics that promote the growth of one or more selected bacterial species in combination with one or more anti-cancer agents.

Abstract: A system and a method for separation of ions from ions-containing medium is disclosed herein, that utilizes capacitive-faradaic fuel cells (CFFC) particles coated at least partially with catalysts capable of catalyzing redox reactions provided a reductant (fuel) and/or an oxidant, thereby polarizing the particles to more effectively absorb charged species (ions) from the water upon introducing, e.g., H2 gas or O2 gas, in the medium during the adsorption or regeneration. The same concept is utilized in a hybrid electrochemical cell for providing a system and a method for generating and converting electrochemical energy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a self-healing field-effect transistor (FET) device comprising a self-healing substrate and a self-healing dielectric layer, said substrate and said layer comprising a disulfide-containing poly(urea-urethane) (PUU) polymer, wherein the dielectric layer has a thickness of less than about 10 ?m, a gate electrode, at least one source electrode, and at least one drain electrode, said electrodes comprising electrically conductive elongated nanostructures; and at least one channel comprising semi-conducting elongated nanostructures. Further provided is a method for fabricating the FET device.

Abstract: A composite comprised of: (i) at least one inverse freezing material, and (ii) an additive in the form of at least one solid particle. Articles made of the composites, and uses of the composites or the articles incorporating same, particularly for reducing incoming shockwaves, are also disclosed.