Abstract: A system for measuring one or more characteristics of light of a photon energy Eph from a light source, that can be determined from measuring three-photon absorption events, the system comprising: a) a detector having a band gap material characterized by gap energy between 2.1 and 3 times Eph; b) an optical element configured to concentrate a beam of light from the light source on the detector; c) a signal amplifier that amplifies an output signal indicative of when three photons produced by the light source undergo a three-photon absorption event in the band gap material; and d) an analyzer that analyzes the output signal to count or measure a rate of the three-photon absorption events, and determines the one or more characteristics of the light from the light source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for producing hydrogen from water involving reacting metal particles with water in the presence of an effective amount of activator. In particular the invention pertains to compositions and methods for producing hydrogen upon reaction of metal particles selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) with water, in the presence of an effective amount of an activator catalyst, wherein the activator is selected from the group consisting of: alkali metals, earth alkali metals, hydrides of alkali metals, hydrides of earth alkali metals, hydroxides of alkali metals, and hydroxides of earth alkali metals.

Abstract: A system for manipulating a fluid medium is disclosed. The system comprises a plurality of particles suspended in the fluid medium, and a light source configured for irradiating the particles by light to induce nonlinear optical effects. The particles are constituted such that the nonlinear optical effects result in drag forces exerted by the particles on the fluid medium. The magnitude of the drag forces is sufficient to establish hydrodynamic flow of the fluid medium.

Abstract: An isolated composition of matter is provided comprising a heterogeneous population of cells seeded on a surface of a scaffold, wherein the heterogeneous population of cells comprises at least one pancreatic islet, endothelial cells and fibroblast cells. Methods of generating same and uses thereof are also provided.

Abstract: Apparatus for isolation of a media stream of a first modality from a complex media source having at least two media modality, and multiple objects, and events, comprises: recording devices for the different modalities; an associator for associating between events recorded in said first modality and events recorded in said second modality, and providing an association output; and an isolator that uses the association output for isolating those events in the first mode correlating with events in the second mode associated with a predetermined object, thereby to isolate a isolated media stream associated with said predetermined object. Thus it is possible to identify events such as hand or mouth movements, and associate these with sounds, and then produce a filtered track of only those sounds associated with the events. In this way a particular speaker or musical instrument can be isolated from a complex scene.

Abstract: A light detecting system is disclosed. The system comprises an arrangement of quantum dots forming an optically active region, a channel region and a charge carrier extractor between the active region and the channel region. The charge carrier extractor is characterized by a set of gradually decreasing energy levels between a characteristic excited energy level of the active region and a characteristic conductance energy level of the channel region.

Abstract: A method of stimulating neurons present in a living body is disclosed. The method comprises directing light to an artificial light absorbing medium implanted extracellularly at a target location having the neurons therein, wherein wavelengths and intensities of the light are selected so as to heat the light absorbing medium by light absorption. The heating is sufficient to stimulate neurons nearby the light absorbing medium. In some embodiments, the light is spatially modulating so as to encode a stimulation pattern therein.

Abstract: Provided is a method of focusing particles. The method includes: providing a suspension of the particles in a suspending medium; and flowing the suspension along a channel, such that the flowing suspension occupies a certain volume that has at least one cross-sectional dimension smaller than 100 ?m. The suspending medium has such viscoelastic properties, that flowing the suspension in the channel directs at least some of the particles towards a focus region, enclosed in said certain volume.

Abstract: An algorithm is presented, which may be used to generate LSPs for path-oriented virtual circuit networks. The algorithm maximizes throughput of traffic-flow through the network according to certain constraints which may selected to suit various scenarios and recovery schemes. The algorithm may be used by network operators to maximize financial profit from existing networks which has a predetermined bandwidth capacity.

Abstract: Hydrophobic weak base compounds such as hydrophobic weak base chemotherapeutic agents (which are not an anthracycline) for use in the treatment of medical conditions such as proliferative disease or disorder in a subject, in combination with illumination of a region in a body of the subject which is characterized by the presence of proliferating cells, are disclosed. The hydrophobic weak base compound and a wavelength of illumination are selected such that the hydrophobic weak base compound acts as a therapeutically effective photosensitizer when exposed to the illumination.

Abstract: Provided are method of generating a fiber from a globular protein such as albumin. Also provided are albumin fibers and fabrics and methods of using same for bonding a damaged tissue or for ex vivo or in vivo formation of a tissue.

Abstract: In a data storage and retrieval system wherein data arranged in nodes is stored and retrieved in pages, each page comprising a cluster of nodes, a method comprising: monitoring ongoing data retrieval to find retrieval patterns of nodes which are retrieved together and to identify changes in said retrieval patterns over time; and periodically reclustering the data nodes among said pages dynamically during usage of the data to reflect said changes, so that nodes more often retrieved together are migrated to cluster together and nodes more often required separately are migrated to cluster separately, thereby to keep small an overall number of page accesses of said data storage and retrieval system during data retrieval despite dynamic changes in patterns of data retrieval. The low number of page accesses allows the reclustering to be carried out concurrently with data access.

Abstract: Polymeric foams and elastomer/hydrogel bicontinuous composite structures derived from high internal phase emulsions and possessing shape-memory characteristics are disclosed, as well as processes for forming the same and uses thereof in, for example, manufacturing of various articles.

Abstract: In a data storage and retrieval system wherein data arranged in nodes is stored and retrieved in pages, each page comprising a cluster of nodes, a method comprising: monitoring ongoing data retrieval to find retrieval patterns of nodes which are retrieved together and to identify changes in said retrieval patterns over time; and periodically reclustering the data nodes among said pages dynamically during usage of the data to reflect said changes, so that nodes more often retrieved together are migrated to cluster together and nodes more often required separately are migrated to cluster separately, thereby to keep small an overall number of page accesses of said data storage and retrieval system during data retrieval despite dynamic changes in patterns of data retrieval.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for controlling molecular interactions where at least one member of a pair of chemical entities having a pH-dependent affinity is immobilized on the surface of an electrode. By changing the potential difference between the electrode and a counter electrode, the affinity of the pair of chemical entities is changed, changing the tendency of the pair to bind or to dissociate. Disclosed are also devices useful for implementing the methods of the present invention.

Abstract: A method of stimulating neurons present in a living body is disclosed. The method comprises directing light to an artificial light absorbing medium implanted extracellularly at a target location having the neurons therein, wherein wavelengths and intensities of the light are selected so as to heat the light absorbing medium by light absorption. The heating is sufficient to stimulate neurons nearby the light absorbing medium. In some embodiments, the light is spatially modulating so as to encode a stimulation pattern therein.

Abstract: The present invention is of methods of establishing and propagating human embryonic stem cell lines using feeder cells-free, xeno-free culture systems and stem cells which are capable of being maintained in an undifferentiated, pluripotent and proliferative state in culture which is free of xeno contaminants and feeder cells.

Abstract: A system for stabilizing a single-track vehicle including a front assembly and a rear assembly, said system comprising a robust controller including an inner loop which closes on a roll angular rate {dot over (?)} of said rear assembly and reduces parametric uncertainty associated with said vehicle, and an outer loop which closes on a roll angle ? of said rear assembly, and wherein the robust controller outputs a steering torque signal for controlling a steering angle in said front assembly; a roll angle sensor for measuring the roll angle in the rear assembly; a roll rate gyro for measuring the roll angular rate in the rear assembly; and a motor for applying the steering angle to said front assembly responsive to the steering torque signal.

Abstract: Provided are method of generating a fiber from a globular protein such as albumin. Also provided are albumin fibers and fabrics and methods of using same for bonding a damaged tissue or for ex vivo or in vivo formation of a tissue.

Abstract: Provided are method of generating a fiber from a globular protein such as albumin. Also provided are albumin fibers and fabrics and methods of using same for bonding a damaged tissue or for ex vivo or in vivo formation of a tissue.