Abstract: A semiconductor device includes “n” pairs of pn-junction structures, wherein the i-th pair includes two pn-junction structures of the i-th type, wherein the two pn-junction structures of the i-th type are anti-serially connected, wherein the pn-junction structure of the i-th type has an i-th junction grading coefficient mi. A first pair of the n pairs of pn-junction structures has a first junction grading coefficient m1 and a second pair of the n pairs of pn-junction structures has a second junction grading coefficient m2. The junction grading coefficients m1, m2 are adjusted to result in generation of a spurious third harmonic signal of the semiconductor device with a signal power level, which is at least 10 dB lower than a reference signal power level of the spurious third harmonic signal obtained for a reference case in which the first and second junction grading coefficients m1, m2 are 0.25.

Abstract: The described techniques address deadlocking issues associated with interconnected hardware devices that share bus lines associated with a digital communication interface. A watchdog-based solution is described that may be implemented internally within the interconnected hardware devices or, alternatively, as an external component. The watchdog circuity may monitor a logic state of one or more internal connections of a hardware device and cause one or more portions of the hardware device to reset when a deadlock condition is detected using this internal monitoring.

Abstract: The systems, methods and apparatuses described herein provide a virtual integrated circuit card (ICC). In one aspect, a method of creating a virtual ICC may be provided. The method may comprise obtaining executable code configured to run on a user device to facilitate financial transactions, preparing a first encryption key usable by the executable code, receiving a second encryption key associated with the user device, forming a virtual ICC comprising the executable code and the first encryption key, and encrypting the virtual ICC with the second encryption key. In another aspect, a virtual ICC may be embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The virtual ICC may comprise executable code configured to run on a user device to facilitate financial transactions and a first encryption key usable by the executable code. The virtual ICC may be encrypted using a second encryption key associated with the user device.

Abstract: A radio-frequency device comprises an encapsulation material and a radio-frequency chip embedded into the encapsulation material, wherein the radio-frequency chip has a first main surface and a second main surface. The radio-frequency device furthermore comprises an electrical redistribution layer arranged over the first main surface of the radio-frequency chip and the encapsulation material, and a radio-frequency antenna formed in the redistribution layer and configured to emit signals in a direction pointing from the second main surface to the first main surface and/or to receive signals in a direction pointing from the first main surface to the second main surface. The radio-frequency device furthermore comprises a microwave component having an electrically conductive wall structure, the microwave component being arranged below the radio-frequency antenna and embedded into the encapsulation material.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is proposed. The semiconductor device includes a wiring metal layer structure. The semiconductor device further includes a dielectric layer structure arranged directly on the wiring metal layer structure. The semiconductor device further includes a bonding pad metal layer structure arranged, at least partly, directly on the dielectric layer structure. A layer thickness of the dielectric layer structure ranges from 1% to 30% of a layer thickness of the wiring metal layer structure. The wiring metal layer structure and the bonding pad metal structure are electrically connected through openings in the dielectric layer structure.

Abstract: A current sensor arrangement includes a first conductor configured to conduct a first portion of a primary current in a current flow direction; a second conductor configured to conduct a second portion of the primary current in the current flow direction; and a magnetic sensor. The first and second conductor are coupled in parallel. The first current produces a first magnetic field as it flows through the first conductor and the second current produces a second magnetic field as it flows through the second conductor. The first conductor and the second conductor are separated from each other in a first direction that is orthogonal to the current flow direction, thereby defining a gap. The magnetic sensor is arranged in the gap such that the first conductor is arranged over a first portion of the magnetic sensor and the second conductor is arranged under a second portion of the magnetic sensor.

Abstract: A tag for time-of-flight (ToF) applications includes: at least three light sources configured to controllably emit light; a light detector configured to receive one or more modulated light signals from a ToF camera system; and a processing circuit configured to determine one or more time periods in which the ToF camera system is sensitive for light reception and control the at least three light sources to sequentially and individually emit light according to a predefined lighting pattern during the one or more time periods. Corresponding apparatuses and methods for determining rotation and/or translation parameters for conversion between different coordinate systems are also provided.

Abstract: A method for determining a suitability of a lubricant to avoid false brinelling damage in a bearing includes providing a rheometer and the lubricant, performing a first conditioning of the rheometer, filling the rheometer with a first lubricant sample, and deforming the first lubricant sample to determine a first shear stress from a first shear deformation of the first lubricant sample at the first temperature, with reference to the first zero point. The method also includes performing a second conditioning of the rheometer, refilling the rheometer with a second lubricant sample, and deforming the second lubricant sample to determine a second shear stress from a second shear deformation of the second lubricant sample at the second temperature, with reference to the second zero point. The lubricant is classified as suitable or unsuitable for avoiding false brinelling damage as a function of the first shear stress and the second shear stress.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a hydraulic unit of an electrohydraulic gas exchange valve control system of an internal combustion engine. The hydraulic unit includes a hydraulic housing having a receiving opening, a piston guide, and a slave piston. The piston guide is fastened in the hydraulic housing by way of self-staking with a wall of the receiving opening. The piston guide includes an outer part that brings about the self-staking and an inner part that guides the slave piston. An inner surface of the outer part is radially interspaced from the outer surface of the inner part in an axial region of the self-staking and the outer part and the inner part are connected in an axially form-locked manner so that a first end section of the outer part facing the gas exchange valve is partially or fully formed into an outer circumferential recess of the inner part.

Abstract: A torque sensor for measuring a torque on a shaft using the measuring principle of inverse magnetostriction, on which a magnetised sleeve is fastened as the primary sensor. The sleeve is provided with at least two circumferential portions which are arranged at an axial distance from one another and magnetised in opposing directions and interact in a contactless manner with respective measuring coils arranged fixedly opposite hereto for acquiring measured values. The magnetised sleeve consists of a non-magnetic carrier sleeve part, on the outer lateral surface of which the magnetized circumferential portions are attached by deposition welding of a ferromagnetic material.

Abstract: A reduction in the setting of rollers in a self-aligning roller bearing is provided. The self-aligning roller bearing has inner and outer bearing rings and rollers arranged at least in one roller row. The rollers have a curved lateral surface the direction of the rotation axis and has a radius, and roll over curved raceways of the bearing rings. The raceways are each assigned a groove point around which the curved raceway extends at a radial distance in the direction of the rotation axis. A pressure line intersects the rotation axis at an angle of 90° at a point where these rollers have their largest roller diameter, and the radius of the curved lateral surface is smaller than both radial distances.

Abstract: A centrifugal pendulum device is provided having a weight carrier disc an opening and guide tracks arranged on a radially outer region thereof and including damper spring openings in a radially inner region thereof. A centrifugal weight is disposed displaceably on the weight carrier disc, with the centrifugal weight including two side elements that each include weight guide tracks, and spacing bolts arranged between the two side elements. At least one of the spacing bolts extends through the opening of the weight carrier disc, and the centrifugal weight is guided displaceably on the weight carrier disc by roller elements that run on the guide tracks and the weight guide tracks. In order to reduce weight and provide additional flexibility, the weight carrier disc comprises a first plate that includes the radially inner region that is connected to at least one second plate that includes the radially outer region.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror package assembly includes: a MEMS wafer including a stator portion and a rotor portion that includes a MEMS mirror configured to rotate about an axis, wherein the MEMS mirror is suspended over a back cavity, wherein the MEMS wafer defines a first portion of the back cavity; a spacer wafer, wherein the backside of the spacer wafer is bonded to the frontside of the MEMS wafer, wherein the spacer wafer defines a first portion of a front cavity arranged over the MEMS mirror; a transparent cover wafer, wherein the backside of the transparent cover wafer is bonded to the frontside of the spacer wafer, wherein the transparent cover wafer includes a transparent dome structure arranged over the MEMS mirror and defining a second portion of the front cavity. The center of the MEMS mirror is arranged substantially at a vertex of the transparent dome structure.

Abstract: An electrically operable final drive train for a motor vehicle including an electric machine that can be energized by a power electronics unit and a transmission arrangement which is coupled to the electric machine in a torque-transmitting manner. An electrical high-voltage interface is formed between the power electronics unit and the electric machine, and the power electronics unit is received in an inverter housing. The inverter housing is passed through by at least one first busbar, and which is electrically conductively coupled to the electric machine. The first busbar passes through an EMC filter element arranged inside the inverter housing.

Abstract: A separating clutch for a powertrain includes a rotational axis, a friction pack for transmitting a torque in an engaged state, a damper device having a torsional vibration damper or a centrifugal pendulum, and an actuation device for selectively releasing the engaged state. The actuation device is arranged in an axial overlap with the damper device. The friction pack may include a friction disk, a pressure plate, a counter-plate, a pressure pot, and a disk spring supported between the counter-plate and the pressure pot. The friction disk may have a friction surface and the pressure pot may extend through the counter-plate to contact the pressure plate, radially outside of the friction surface, and the actuation device, radially inside of the friction surface. The actuation device may include a pressure chamber with a pressure piston, and the pressure piston may be axially movable and arranged radially within the friction pack.

Abstract: An electric rotation machine comprises a rotor shaft and a rotor, which is arranged on the rotor shaft, of a rotor position sensor device. The electric rotation machine additionally has a static element, on which a stator of the rotor position sensor device is arranged, and a holding element, which is mechanically fixed to the static element and which blocks the translational degree of freedom of the stator of the rotor position sensor device in a first axial direction, wherein the translational degree of freedom of the stator of the rotor position sensor device is blocked by the static component in the opposite axial direction. By virtue of the electric rotation machine, a method for producing the electric rotation machine and a drive system are provided which allow an inexpensive arrangement of the rotor position sensor device with the smallest possible required installation space and the lowest possible weight.

Abstract: A dynamo electric machine stator which is easy to assemble, includes a stator body with stator grooves and a winding mat with groove sections arranged in the stator grooves and lie one over the other in different radial positions, and with head sections which connect the groove sections. A wave winding conductor changes position by precisely one radial position in the stator grooves in the center of the extension of the wave winding conductor in the winding direction. The winding mat includes a first sub-winding mat with one first set of wave winding conductors for each section, the first sets being joined together in an X-shaped manner in the region of the position change such that the conductors are aligned in a specific manner at the intersections between the wave winding conductors.

Abstract: A wheel hub driving system, including a housing, an electric motor, two planetary gear sets and a wheel hub bearing. The wheel hub bearing has a middle axle and an outer ring, the middle axle is fixed relative to the housing, and both a primary sun gear and a secondary sun gear are sleeved around the periphery of the wheel hub bearing. A stator of the electric motor, a primary geared ring and a secondary geared ring are all fixed to the housing. A rotor of the electric motor is anti-torsionally connected to the primary sun gear. A primary planet carrier is anti-torsionally connected to the secondary sun gear, a secondary planet carrier is anti-torsionally connected to the outer ring and the outer ring is configured to be anti-torsionally connected to a wheel rim so as to transmit power from the electric motor to the wheel rim.

Abstract: Provided is a method for compensating light reflections from a cover of a time-of-flight camera in an image of a scene that is sensed by the time-of-flight camera. The method includes receiving the image of the scene from the time-of-flight camera. Further, the method includes modifying the image of the scene using a reference image to obtain a compensated image of the scene. Pixels of the reference image indicate reference values exclusively related to light reflections from the cover of the time-of-flight camera. Additionally, the method includes outputting the compensated image.

Abstract: A balance shaft includes an unbalanced shaft (3) comprising a bearing journal (8, 9), the periphery of which is merely partially cylindrical. The cylindrical partial periphery (10) of the bearing journal is oriented toward the shaft imbalance. The balance shaft also includes a needle roller cage assembly (15); and a bearing ring (13), which extends around the bearing journal, lies against the cylindrical partial periphery and forms the inner raceway of the needle roller cage assembly. The cage (27) of the needle roller cage assembly is designed to run on the end faces of the bearing ring axially on both sides by means of radially inwardly extending projections.