Abstract: A method for managing interactions between at least one peripheral command device and at least one multimedia application exploiting the standard MPEG-4. A peripheral command device delivers digital signals as a function of actions of one or more users comprising: constructing a digital sequence having the form of a BIFS node (Binary Form for Scenes in accordance with the standard MPEG-4), a node comprising at least one field defining a type and a number of interaction data to be applied to objects of a scene.

Abstract: An automatic car toll computing and charging method is provided. The method includes steps of employing a cellular phone to process a log in and a log out of a car toll computing; previously storing the connection between a cellular phone number and a vehicle identification number, or keying in said vehicle identification number or other car IDs sufficient to bring out said vehicle identification number in a billing center; and calling a specific number representing a log in of an automatic computing and charging through an on-vehicle cellular communication equipment and before a car enters a toll road or bridge and hanging up, and calling a specific number representing a log out of the automatic computing and charging after leaving the toll road or bridge. Consequently, the toll can be charged through calculating all cell IDs which by a cellular phone system passes theretrough during the log in and the log out.

Abstract: A method and device for monitoring the quality of distributed digital images coded by blocks of pixels in which a false contour phenomenon may be generated when the image is reproduced. An image average for pixels represented by at least one luminance respectively chrominance components is calculated and a false contour effect on the basis of a criterion for discriminating the luminance or chrominance component difference between adjacent pixels of adjacent groups of pixels is detected in at least one reference direction of each current image. A visibility coefficient of at least one current image is calculated from the value of the image average speed vector and psycho-visual criteria relating to the existence of the false contour effect in the reference direction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for searching for neighboring base stations by waking from a power-saving sleep mode to receive an incoming signal. The incoming signal is received and at least a portion of the incoming signal is stored. The stored information signal is then processed with each of several different codes to determine a power level corresponding to each of the different codes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing tunable second-order polarization mode dispersion with constant mean first-order differential group delay for fiber optic transmission systems are provided. A section of fixed high birefringent optical fiber, a polarization controller, and a variable differential group delay module are provided. The polarization controller is connected to the high birefringent optical fiber section, and the variable differential group delay module is connected to the polarization controller. The variable differential group delay module is controlled to vary the second-order polarization mode dispersion values at an output of the high birefringent optical fiber section. The polarization controller is controlled to hold the mean first-order differential group delay substantially constant at the output of the high birefringent optical fiber section for each value of the second-order polarization mode dispersion at the output of the high birefringent optical fiber section.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for selecting a system and transmitting data for a WLAN/mobile phone network interworking service in a WLAN and mobile phone network interworking system, which includes: a signal measuring step for setting up a service set ID list of a WLAN in an access point in order for a terminal to allow access, and measuring signal strength for the WLAN access; an access deciding step for selecting an access system based on the signal strength measured in the signal measuring step; a WLAN performing step for periodically measuring signal strength of a WLAN channel satisfying the access allowable service set ID list, and accessing the corresponding WLAN channel or a mobile phone network according to the existence or absence of the WLAN channel guaranteeing signal quality for the WLAN access, when the WLAN access is confirmed in the access deciding step; and a mobile phone network performing step for periodically measuring signal strength of the WLAN channel satisfying the access al

Abstract: Device for sending an encrypted signal, including: a source (1) for generating said signal and means (2) for intensity modulating the signal, a feedback loop which includes delay line means and non-linear means, characterized in that the feedback loop includes: an interferometer (5) to which is applied an electric current that corresponds to the delayed generated signal and an auxiliary source of constant intensity that feeds the interferometer optically, the output signal of the interferometer being a non-linear function of the output signal of the delay line means, a photodiode (7) which converts the luminous power at the output of the interferometer to a modulation current, and a summing circuit (8) which adds the message to be encrypted to the modulation current at the output of said photodiode, the output signal of the summing circuit controlling modulator means.

Abstract: Different portions of a header of each packet containing protocol data are analyzed in succession from different gate registers of the TRIE memory. As a packet arrives, its header is stored in a buffer memory and a first portion of the stored header is analyzed. Each analysis of a portion of header produces either the forwarding reference associated with the packet or an intermediate reference containing a first code, making it possible to locate at an arbitrary location of the buffer memory a next portion to be analyzed, and a second code, making it possible to locate at an arbitrary location of the TRIE memory a gate register from which this next portion is to be analyzed. Having analyzed the first portion of a stored header, the subsequent portions thereof are analyzed in accordance with the first and second codes contained in the intermediate references produced in succession until the forwarding reference is produced.

Abstract: Recently a series of telecommunications companies together with computer hardware/software companies (Sun, IBM) committed their efforts for building abstractions from multivendor, multiprotocol telephony devices and protocols. These efforts materialized into various products and standards. Most recently the PARLAY group published a set of recommendations called the PARLAY APIs. Sun introduced a JAVA environment with a set of APIs for Integrated Networks called JAIN (pending publication), and IBM produced the JSLEE server, which integrates the JAIN and JCC classes of Sun in an automated Java environment for the implementation of telephony based applications.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a mobile location based service system and method. The mobile location based service system includes an application server for receiving a location based service request, and providing a location based service of a mobile station, and a location information providing system for discriminating location of the mobile station according to a kind of a location information service, and transmitting the location of the mobile station to the application server. A cell or GPS based location based service can be selectively provided according to a function of a mobile station of a mobile communication subscriber and a service request type. The GPS based location based service can be provided by an SMS delivery point to point message through an N07 signal network, and thus embodied during a voice call of the mobile station.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an apparatus and method for deciding an access system based on WLAN signal strength in a WLAN/mobile phone network interworking system, and a mobile terminal therefor. The method for deciding the access system based on the WLAN signal strength in the WLAN/mobile phone network interworking system includes an initialization step for performing an initialization process on a WLAN driver module and a mobile phone network driver module, and measuring and displaying WLAN signal strength, a service decision step for selecting a WLAN service or mobile phone network service according to the measured WLAN signal strength, and a service access step for enabling the corresponding driver module to access the service decided in the service decision step.

Abstract: A communication apparatus 1 or 2 connected to a PBX 4 or 5 and an ATM network 3, is provided with a DTMF signal detecting portion 102 for detecting whether or not a DTMF signal is contained in a voice signal from the PBX 4 or 5, a DTMF signal monitoring portion 103, a DTMF cell generating portion 105 for coding and sending out a DTMF signal, a DTMF cell decomposing portion 110 for decoding a coded DTMF signal and a DTMF signal generating portion 113 for generating a DTMF signal on the basis of the information content of a decoded DTMF signal and sending out this DTMF signal to the PBX 4 or 5, and the transmission side communication apparatus 1 or 2 codes a DTMF signal in a specified form and transmits the DTMF signal and the reception side communication apparatus 1 or 2 decodes the coded DTMF signal and, on the basis of this content information, restores the DTMF signal in a DTMF signal generating portion 113.

Abstract: A frequency control system includes a voltage-controlled oscillator, a sampling circuit for sampling a clock signal produced by the oscillator for two consecutive transitions of an unstable incoming digital signal, and a frequency comparator for incrementing and decrementing a transition upcounter-downcounter controlling the oscillator. The system tolerates variation of the frequency of the incoming signal about a mean value, which has no effect on a clock signal to be extracted by means of a phase comparator or on the synthesized clock signal supplied by the oscillator if the incoming signal contains a high level of jitter and is supplied by a programmable frequency divider.

Abstract: An interleaver device configured to interleave a data set, comprising an interleaver driver, a processing unit including a data processor configured to operate as an interleaver under the control of the interleaver driver, a data input device configured to input the data set to be interleaved, and a data output device configured to output an interleaved data set. The interleaver driver includes a mapping processor configured to calculate a set of bijective elementary functions (&phgr;n) and to supply a mapping of the interleaver to the data processor. The interleaver driver also includes an interleaver definition generator configured to supply an interleaver definition to the mapping processor. The interleaver definition includes a compound function (&phgr;ko . . . o&phgr;1) of at least one bijective elementary function drawn from the set of bijective elementary functions (&phgr;n).

Abstract: A method of exchanging data streams between a local exchange and a number of access devices for serving a plurality of destination users, the method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a local exchange capable of generating at least one output data stream and of receiving at least one corresponding input data stream for carrying data blocks respectively relevant to one or more of the access devices; (b) providing two or more said access devices, each permitting passage there-through of at least one data stream carrying data blocks, being capable of extracting, from said at least one data stream, data blocks relevant to this particular device and of introducing there-into data blocks to be transmitted from this particular device to the local exchange; and (c) arranging one or more close loop data streams, each being intended for serving said two or more access devices using one of said output data streams and the corresponding input data stream of the local exchange, by causing the output data stream leaving

Abstract: The invention relates in particular to a method of scrambling a video signal using an encryption key for controlling access to audiovisual information. The video signal is scrambled by applying a tattooing function to the video signal by using a marking key derived from the encryption key, the tattooing function including a parameter for regulating the amplitude of tattooing so as to enable the visibility of the tattooing in the video signal to be adjusted. The invention also provides a dual unscrambling method, and a system, an encoder, a decoder, a broadcast server, and a data medium for implementing said methods.

Abstract: There is proposed a method and a module for real time control of power per optical channel in a multi-channel optical communication line formed by a group of optical elements connected in a chain by fiber spans. The group of elements comprises one or more optical fiber amplifiers (OFA); each of the spans is characterized by its span loss, while each of the OFA is characterized by its gain and its designed output power per channel. The method comprises steps of calculating an expected total input power value (EIP) for a particular optical amplifier (OFA) in the line, measuring a real total input power (MIP) at the particular optical amplifier, and comparing the values. If a difference between the EIP and the MIP at the OFA exceeds a predetermined value, the method (and the module) ensures adjusting the gain of the OFA to maintain its output power per channel constant.

Abstract: A dynamic context filter for communication and information management filters information using dynamic parameters corresponding to a particular user. Dynamic context filters may represent user location, current time, or past preferences. Filtered information may be prioritized based on proximity, time, or past preferences. The importance of dynamic context filter parameters may be weighted.

Abstract: The process and apparatus to enable measurement of polarization dispersion of a single-mode optical fibre by launching measurement light at one end of the fibre and analyzing polarization of the light reflected by the other end and collected at such launch end. Optical or electronic masking of light reflected by the near end of the fibre is performed during launch.

Abstract: A pattern recognition process including a pattern detection step, a characterization step of the pattern obtained in the detection step, and a recognition step of the pattern obtained in the characterization step, wherein the pattern characterization step is used to obtain invariant descriptors of the pattern with a Fourier-Mellin transform.