Abstract: A method of generating a functionalised arylphosphine, novel intermediates and novel functinalised arylphosphines.

Abstract: A Bis (cyclopentadienyl) metal complex of a derivative thereof is used as a label in an assay utilizing electrichemiluminescence or fluorescence detection means. The Bis (cyclopentadienyl) metal complex may comprise ferrocene or a derivative thereof which gives rise to a ferricinium ion on electrochemical oxidation.

Abstract: A solid product which is a porous chiral (10,3)-a network of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate molecules of formula (I) where X is H, hydrocarbon, halide, etc, linked through metal atoms.

Abstract: Bisphosphonate derivatives of hydroxy steroids which are bone resorption inhibitors or bone formation stimulators, the derivatives having at least one group A in place of a hydroxy group on the steroid molelcule, where A is a group of forumla (A) where X is: (i) St--O--CO-- where St is the residue of the hydroxy steroid given by removal of an OH group; or (ii) R.sup.1 --O--CO-- where R.sup.1 is an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl group, any of which may optionally be substituted, and the salts and solvates of these compounds. The steroid is typically 17.beta.-oestradiol, oestrone, testosterone, norethindrone, androsterone, norethandrolone or nandrolone. The derivatives can be used in the treatment of bone disorders such as osteoporosis.

Abstract: A quadrupole mass spectrometer comprises an ion source (20), a mass filter (22) and an ion collector (24). The ion source comprises an array (30) of quantum wires. The mass filter comprises four glass fibres (32) coated with nickel and the ion collector is an a electrode connected to an integrated complementary metal oxide semiconductor temperature compensated integrated amplifier.

Abstract: Described herein are polyesters and polyamides which contain repeat units derived from novel dicarboxylic acids comprising arylene groups having ortho ethers substituted thereon. Also disclosed are novel compounds from which these polymers can be made. The polymers are especially useful for molding resins and coatings.

Abstract: Described herein are polyesters and polyamides which contain repeat units derived from novel dicarboxylic acids comprising arylene groups having ortho ethers substituted thereon. Also disclosed are novel compounds from which these polymers can be made. The polymers are especially useful for molding resins and coatings.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel poly(imide-ethers) containing ortho substitution in the main chain of the polymer. These polymers are made from novel aromatic bis-carboxylic anhydrides which contain two ether groups attached to an aromatic ring in ortho positions to each other. The polymers are particularly useful for films, fibers and encapsulation, as well as thermoplastics.

Abstract: A process for the functionalisation of polymers is disclosed. Functionalisation takes place by reacting a polymer with a peroxidant, preferably, the peroxydisulphate or monosulphate or sodium or potassium in an aqueous medium. The hydroxylated polymer can then be reacted with other materials, including biomolecules. Using the method of the inventon, products eg. Catheters or oxygenators can be produced with improved properties hitherto unobtainable.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel poly(imide-ethers) containing ortho substitution in the main chain of the polymer. These polymers are made from novel aromatic bis-carboxylic anhydrides which contain two ether groups attached to an aromatic ring in ortho positions to each other. The polymers are particularly useful for films, fibers and encapsulation, as well as thermoplastics.

Abstract: An electrorheological device capable of containing an electrorheological fluid between two electrodes and having members for applying an electrical potential between the electrodes, characterised in that the device has members for subjecting the fluid to varying compressive or tensile stress in operation.

Abstract: A reverse transcriptase inhibitor such as 3'-azido-3-deoxythymidine is used for the treatment or prophylaxis of a retrovirus-associated carcinoma such as breast cancer in a human.

Abstract: Electrostatic spinning method for producing tubular fibrous structures from fiberizable material wherein the fiberizable material is collected on an electrostatically charged mandrel wherein the fiberizable material takes different paths from the source to the mandrel to produce a structure of smaller diameter fibers randomly oriented, larger diameter fibers and/or bundles of fibers circumferentially oriented and elongated voids circumferentially oriented.

Abstract: A tubular fibrous structure having smaller diameter fibers randomly oriented and larger diameter fibers and/or bundles of fibers circumferentially oriented. The structure includes elongated voids also generally circumferentially oriented.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining displacement of an object, comprises a light source which propagates a polychromatic light signal along a path of a detector, the detector being capable of detecting the intensity of incident radiation at a plurality of different wavelengths, and a radiation modulation means mechanically coupled to said object for movement therewith, displacement of the object being arranged to cause displacement of the radiation modulating means in said path such as to vary the distributed spectral content of the light reaching the detector.In one embodiment the radiation modulation means comprises a filter which attenuates the intensity of transmitted wavelengths to different degrees and which is mechanically coupled to said object such that movement of the object displaces the filter so as to vary the extent to which the filter intercepts the radiation signal propagated by said light source.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining displacement of an object, comprises a light source which propagates a polychromatic light signal along a patch to a detector, the detector being capable of detecting the intensity of incident radiation at a plurality of different wavelengths, and a radiaiton modulation means mechanically coupled to said object for movement therewith, displacement of the object being arranged to cause displacement of the radiation modulating means in said path such as to vary the distributed spectral content of the light reaching the detector.In one embodiment the radiation modulation means comprises a filter which attenuates the intensity of transmitted wavelengths to different degrees and which is mechanically coupled to said object such that movement of the object displaces the filter so as to vary the extent to which the filter interceps the radiation signal propagated by said light source.

Abstract: An aorto-coronary bypass graft comprising a plate portion and at least one tube portion extending from the plate portion, the opening in the tube portion communicating with a corresponding opening in the plate portion.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a fibrous structure including electrostatically charged mandrels arranged around a delivery assembly for fiberizable material. The delivery assembly includes capillary needles to which fiberizable material is supplied from a reservoir, the needles being arranged on manifolds moved continuously around a loop path on a rail.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining displacement of an object, comprises a light source which propagates a polychromatic light signal along a path to a detector, the detector being capable of detecting the intensity of incident radiation at a plurality of different wavelengths, and a radiation modulation means mechanically coupled to said object for movement therewith, displacement of the object being arranged to cause displacement of the radiation modulating means in said path such as to vary the distributed spectral content of the light reaching the detector.In one embodiment the radiation modulation means comprises a filter which attenuates the intensity of transmitted wavelengths to different degrees and which is mechanically coupled to said object such that movement of the object displaces the filter so as to vary the extent to which the filter intercepts the radiation signal propagated by said light source.

Abstract: A moire fringe displacement sensor includes first and second gratings (3) (4), a polychromatic light source (1) illuminating the gratings, and a detector (8). The gratings are disposed such that a relative displacement of the first and second gratings causes a variation in the color of the light reaching the detector. The detector (8) comprises first and second photo-responsive elements (11) (12), the responsivity with respect to wavelength of the first element (11) being different from that of the second (12). Signals from the photo-responsive elements are fed to a micro-processor (15) which calculates the color of the light incident on the detector as represented by two or more parameters on the Chromaticity (CIE) Diagram, and interprets the color in terms of the displacement of the first and second gratings.