Abstract: A method and an apparatus and composition used in the reduction of the incidence of tobacco smoking and which comprises an aerosol for application to the oral cavity and respiratory tract of an individual. The aerosol contains a food acid, such as citric acid, which is present in non-toxic amounts and capable of being inhaled. The aerosol may be in the form of a liquid spray or a finely divided solid. The droplets or particles contained in the aerosol are of proper size and have the food acid sufficient in content to simulate the sensations in the upper respiratory tract caused by tobacco smoke. In this way, the oral cavity sensations and the respiratory tract sensations simulate those created by tobacco smoke to replace the need for tobacco smoke. In another embodiment of the invention the food acid aerosol contains tobacco smoke of proper particle size so that the food acid particles migrate to the respiratory tract and the tobacco smoke remains in the oral cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for isometric muscle strength testing using a chair apparatus (40) having a support frame structure (42), a seat assembly (46), a foot rest assembly (60) and load cells (100) interconnected to the support frame structure (42) for measuring the isometric force exerted by any of a plurality of muscle groups in a human subject's body. The load cells (100) are possibly positioned on six track systems; a posterior track (80a), left and right lateral tracks (80b,c) an anterior track (80d), a forward upper track (80e) and a forward lower track (80f) to enable alignment with the muscle group selected for testing.

Abstract: Peptide fragment of M protein of S. pyrogenes elecit opsonic antibodies which are type-specific for type 24 streptococci.

Abstract: Preparation of products having a tubular portion comprising electrostatically spinning a fiberizable liquid, the electrostatic field being distorted by the presence of an auxiliary electrode, preferably so as to encourage the deposition of circumferential fibers.

Abstract: A fabric pickup device which separates single layers from a stack of fabric layers comprises a mounting plate (1) by which it may be secured to a table (2), an angled bracket (6) extending the full width of the device, and a pickup assembly (8). The pickup assembly (8) is supplied with compressed air to operate three double-acting pneumatic cylinders (20, 21, 22). Two pickup plates (29, 30) have on their lower surfaces needles (39, 40 respectively). Operation of the cylinders (20, 21) causes the plates to be pivoted between a standby position, a pickup position in which a fabric layer is picked up on the needles, and a release position by means of a cam plate (53). Operation of cylinder (22) causes the pickup assembly to be raised so that the fabric layer picked up may be separated from the needles (39, 40).

Abstract: New purine compounds having the formula: ##STR1## Y and Y'=H, ##STR2## X=H, alkyl, halo; ##STR3## A=O, S, NH.sub.2 are provided. These compounds are useful in treating patients having cancer, since they are potent and selective inhibitors of replicative DNA synthesis in mammalian cells since they inhibit DNA polymerase .alpha..New purine compounds also are provided having the formula: ##STR4## wherein Y, A, Z are as defined above, X'=C.sub.2 H.sub.5 Y"=--CH.sub.3 or ##STR5## These compounds are useful to prevent bacterial growth since they are potent inhibitors of DNA polymerase III.New Purine compounds also are provided having the formula: ##STR6## wherein Z' is H, OH or CH.sub.2 OH,A' is O of CH.sub.

Abstract: A spray unit and process for controlled droplet atomization in which a tangential vortex type fan with wide mouth passes operation from low-to-medium pressures at high volume, passes air through a throat in which controlled droplet atomization of spray material is being achieved prior to emission from the fan in a plane generally parallel to the flow of air. The flow of air sweeps the droplets into a parallel orientation in substantial avoidance of contact of the spray material on the fan parts, throat or mouth thereof and the airflow confines the continuous core of controlled droplets and projects the protected spray toward a target. The spray units are arranged to permit plural end-to-end adjacent articulated mounting with directional adjustment and flexible conduits for power at the individual units, including spray material delivery and power to lineal actuators and are carriage mounted on wheels for easy movement in the target area.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and means for microbially expressing human influenza hemagglutinin proteins, useful in the preparation of vaccines, by recombination of DNA gene sequences coding for hemagglutinin protein with microbially operable promoter-operator DNA and transformation of microbial host therewith.

Abstract: Novel synthetic routes to (3a.alpha.,6a.alpha.)-1,3-dibenzyl hexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-2(3H)-one 5,5-dioxide, a known intermediate in the synthesis of biotin are provided.A novel synthetic route from this intermediate to biotin is also disclosed.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns a novel bioherbicide and its use to control a major weed found in many fields in the Southeastern United States where peanuts and soybeans are grown. Specifically, Colletotrichum truncatum (Schw.) Andrus & Moore, in an agricultural composition, can be used to effectively control Florida beggarweed without adversely affecting field crops, e.g., peanuts and soybeans. Further, C. truncatum (Schw.) Andrus & Moore in a mixture with Alternaria cassiae can be used to control Florida beggarweed and other undesired vegetation, such as sicklepod, showy crotalaria and coffee senna.

Abstract: An electromagnetic field measurement probe for measuring an electromagnetic field and providing a corresponding measurement signal to a measurement output. The electromagnetic field measurement probe comprises an antenna arrangement for detecting the electromagnetic field and producing a corresponding electrical output, and an output connector arrangement connected to the antenna arrangement for providing the corresponding electrical output to the measurement output of the probe. The output connector arrangement includes a lead structure comprising a dielectric having opposing faces on opposite sides thereof, and high resistivity lead material disposed on the opposing faces. The probe further comprises a diode rectifier disposed between and connecting two antenna elements forming the antenna arrangement, as well as two output connector bonding pads, each being electrically connected to the high resistivity material disposed on respective ones of the two opposing faces of the dielectric.

Abstract: A switch for use in an inductive energy store transfer circuit utilizes a quantity of electrically conductive liquid bidirectionally flowable between a position that establishes electrical connection between electrodes and a position that opens electrical connection between the electrodes. High pressure gas biases the liquid to a position that establishes electrical connection between the electrodes, and yieldably resists movement of the liquid toward the position that opens electrical connection between the electrodes. Current through the switch electrodes produces a magnetic force that acts on the liquid and urges it toward the position that opens electrical connection between the electrodes. Switching action occurs upon a predetermined magnitude of current being attained.

Abstract: Structured meat products, particularly structured raw meat products, are prepared by mixing comminuted meat or trimmings with powdered sodium alginate and powdered calcium carbonate. A slow release acid, such as glucono-delta-lactone, citric acid, lactic acid and the like, can also be added. The slow hydrolysis of the powdered form of such acids slowly lowers the pH of the meat to improve its flavor, but still ultimately produces enough hydrogen ions to stimulate the release of sufficient calcium ions from the calcium salt to accelerate formation of an algin/calcium gel. In either case, after being formed into the desired shape, the meat is stored, usually under refrigeration, from about one to four days to allow the algin/calcium gel to set. Thereafter, the resulting structured meat product can be conveniently portioned, packaged and marketed as a refrigerated raw meat product, a frozen raw meat product, or precooked and marketed refrigerated or frozen.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a novel polymer addition product comprising hydrophilic polymer backbone having a molecular weight of at least about 5,000 and to which are attached amino acid containing pendants, the pendants containing at least one arginine or lysine amino acid. The polymeric compounds of the invention are highly efficient adsorbents for bilirubin and other bile pigments, as well as for bile acids such as cholic acid.

Abstract: Venous pressure is measured by monitoring blood flow in a vein with a Doppler probe, exerting pressure on the vein downstream of the probe with a cuff inflated at the rate of 10 mm Hg/second or more and recording the pressure at the instant blood flow stops. The cuff is immediately deflated. Measuring apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and test kit are disclosed for detecting the presence of hepatitis B virus in a test specimen containing at least a portion of the DNA of the virus. A test reagent comprises cloned hepatitis B virus-DNA that has been repurified by treatment with a restriction enzyme and labelled to high specific activity with a radioactive label. The sample to be tested is fixed to a solid matrix, incubated in the presence of the test reagent under hybridization conditions and detected by hybridization to the labelled DNA probe. The uncombined HBV-DNA (labelled) is removed from the substrate, and the hybridized HBV-DNA determined by scintillation counting or by autoradiography of the substrate.

Abstract: A method for producing secretable and processable biologically useful polypeptides in yeast is provided utilizing vectors including at least a segment of the gene coding for S. cerevisiae alpha-factor.

Abstract: Fluorescent conjugates are employed providing combinations of a fluorescent sensitizer and a fluorescent phycobiliprotein. The conjugates find use in applications where large Stokes shifts, high absorption coefficients and high fluorescence quantum yields are desired. Particularly, combinations of phycobiliproteins are employed where the wavelength of excitation may be 50 nm or more different from the emission wavelength.

Abstract: A fiber optic sensor comprises a length of optical fiber, forming a loop, and a fiber optic directional coupler for optically closing the loop. The loop and coupler form a resonant cavity for light circulating therethrough. A PZT cylinder, about which the fiber loop is wrapped, is utilized to control the total round trip phase delay of the circulating light, and thus, control the intensity of the optical output signal. The phase delay is adjusted to a point where the optical output signal is at maximum sensitivity to changes in phase. When the fiber loop is exposed to, e.g., acoustic waves, the loop length changes correspondingly, thereby causing the phase delay, and thus, the optical output signal to vary. By detecting variations in output signal intensity, the frequency and intensity of the acoustic waves may be determined. The sensor also includes a feedback system for stabilizing the fiber loop against low frequency thermal drift.

Abstract: A process and apparatus applicable to solid-set fruit growth such as strawberries in which a single harvest applies to an entire solid-set field and the harvest does not destroy the plants but separates foliage and trash from the fruit in an aerodynamic sequence and subsequent singulation of the fruit occurs under conditions of aerodynamic levitation of the fruits and clusters at the point of cropping connective tendrils.