Abstract: A multimetallic catalytic composite, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a nickel component, a Group IV-A metallic component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material, is disclosed. The principal utility of this composite is in the conversion of hydrocarbons, particularly in the reforming of a gasoline fraction to make a high octane reformate. A specific example of the disclosed catalytic composite is a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum component, an iridium component, a nickel component, a germanium component, and a chloride component with an alumina carrier material.

Abstract: Semi-conducting materials which may be used in preparing resistors may be prepared by treating a refractory oxide with a pyrolyzable organic compound at an elevated temperature and thereafter further treating the resultant semi-conducting pyropolymeric inorganic refractory oxide composite material at an elevated temperature with subsequently controlled cooling rate to provide a material which possesses a lower resistivity and a controllable temperature coefficient of resistance over a wide range.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with an acidic sulfur-free multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a rhenium component, a cobalt component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material. The platinum group component, rhenium component, cobalt component, and halogen component are present in the multimetallic catalyst in amounts respectively, calculated on an elemental basis, corresponding to about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % rhenium, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % cobalt, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen.

Abstract: Anionic biodegradable detergents as exemplified by alkaline sulfate esters of n-alkyl-substituted hydroxypolyalkoxymethylcyclohexenes may be prepared by condensing butadiene with allyl alcohol, ring alkylating the resultant hydroxymethylcyclohexene with an olefin in the presence of a free-radical generating compound to form an alkyl-substituted hydroxymethylcyclohexene, alkoxylating this compound to form an alkyl-substituted hydroxypolyalkoxymethylcyclohexene, sulfating the latter compound and neutralizing the sulfate ester with an alkaline material to form the desired product.

Abstract: Polyalkoxyalkyl compounds are prepared from the treatment of an olefinic compound with an epoxide in an atmosphere of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a transition metal-containing compound.

Abstract: The performance of a hydrocarbon conversion process using a trimetallic acidic catalytic composite, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a nickel component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material, is improved by sulfiding the catalytic component, prior to any contact with hydrocarbon and after substantially all of the metallic components have been reduced to the corresponding metallic states, so that about 0.01 to 1 wt. % sulfur is incorporated therein, thereby diminishing undesired exothermic demethylation and other hydrogenolysis reactions during the initial operation of the process and markedly increasing the over-all stability of the process.

Abstract: Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting them at dehydrogenation conditions with a catalytic composite, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a rhenium component, and a tin component with a porous carrier material. A specific example of the catalytic composite disclosed herein is a combination of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a rhenium component, a tin component and an alkali or alkaline earth component with a porous carrier material wherein substantially all of the platinum or palladium component, the iridium component and the rhenium component are present as the corresponding elemental metals and substantially all of the tin component is present in an oxidation state above the elemental metal, and wherein the composite contains about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum or palladium, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % iridium, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % rhenium, about 0.01 to about 5 wt.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon isomerization catalyst composition, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a germanium component, a halogen component and a Friedel-Crafts metal halide component combined with a refractory inorganic oxide is disclosed. A specific example of the disclosed catalytic composition is a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum component, an iridium component, a germanium component, a chloride component and an aluminum chloride component with an alumina carrier material, effective in isomerizing a pentane-hexane hydrocarbon fraction or in isomerizing non-equilibrium mixtures of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons such as xylenes.

Abstract: A recycle loop method and recuperative heating system is provided for thermally recombining hydrogen and oxygen, such as may be desired in connection with a dissociated gas stream from a containment vessel for a nuclear reactor under loss of coolant accident conditions. The dissociated charge stream is preferably heated by indirect heat exchange with a resulting water vapor containing combined stream to effect heat conservation and, also preferably, the recuperative heat exchange operation and the high temperature recombining reaction are carried out in a unitary zone incorporating electrical, non-flame, heat input means.

Abstract: In an HF alkylation process it has been found that combining olefin-acting reactant with a recycle stream including isobutane and HF upstream of an alkylation reaction zone is not harmful to alkylate product quality except when the HF is in a free state, i.e., the HF concentration is above the HF solubility level of the recycle stream. Soluble HF in the recycle stream is not harmful to alkylate product quality, therefore, in an embodiment, the overhead vapor stream of an isobutane stripper is condensed, cooled to a separation temperature, and separated into an HF phase and a hydrocarbon phase, a portion of which is withdrawn as an acid saturated recycle stream including isobutane and entrained acid, and heated to a temperature sufficient to place in solution the entrained acid prior to combination of the acid saturated recycle stream with the olefin-acting reactants.

Abstract: A control system and method for regulating the reaction zone temperature in a process for the acid-catalyzed alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefinic feed stream containing mixed olefins. The reaction zone temperature is adjusted to obtain the optimum for a given feed composition, in order to maximize the octane rating of the ultimate normally liquid alkylate product. The control system effects rapid compensation for continuing changes in feed composition which, at a fixed reaction zone temperature, otherwise adversely affect the octane rating.

Abstract: Water-damaged electrical equipment is rehabilitated by treatment with a bath comprising a paraffinic oil, a polymethyl aromatic compound, a salt formed from the reaction of an N-alkyl polymethylenediamine and a dimer acid, and an inert organic solvent.

Abstract: The activity of a catalyst system comprising a salt of a noble metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table, a salt of copper, an organic acid and an oxygen-containing gas which is utilized in the vinylation of aromatic compounds may be enhanced by effecting the reaction in the presence of a compound containing an active methylene group.

Abstract: A footrest plate member is attached to two laterally spaced apart telescoping tube members that are pivotally attached to the upper underside portion of seat unit framing such that the lowered, pulled-out location of the footrest plate can be adjusted to suit a passenger in a next rearward seating unit. Push-button operated latching means is provided at the rear of a seating unit and is designed and arranged to provide for the stowing and releasing of the footrest assembly by a person located to the rear of the supporting and stowing seating unit.

Abstract: Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting them at dehydrogenation conditions with a nonacidic catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a Group IVA metallic component and an alkali or alkaline earth component with a porous carrier material. A specific example of the nonacidic, multi-metallic catalytic composite disclosed herein is a combination of a platinum component, an iridium component, a germanium component and an alkali or alkaline earth component with an alumina carrier material. The amounts of the catalytically active components contained in this last composite are, on an elemental basis, 0.01 to 2 wt. % platinum, 0.01 to 2 wt. % iridium, 0.01 to 5 wt. % germanium and 0.1 to 5 wt. % of the alkali or alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: The performance of a hydrocarbon conversion process using a trimetallic acidic catalytic composite, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a germanium component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material, is improved by sulfiding the catalytic component, prior to any contact with hydrocarbon, so that about 0.05 to 0.5 wt. % of sulfur is incorporated therein, thereby diminishing undesired exothermic hydrocracking and demethylation during initial operation of the process.

Abstract: Metal-containing catalyst compounds which are soluble in reaction mediums are maintained in the desired soluble form during an alternate oxidation and reduction process by utilizing an inert solid material in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A deactivated hydrocarbon conversion catalyst, which is a combination of a platinum group component, a rhenium component, a halogen component, and a sulfur component with a porous carrier material and which has been deactivated by deposition of carbonaceous material thereon during a previous contacting with a hydrocarbon charge stock at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, is regenerated by the sequential steps of: (1) stripping the sulfur therefrom by contacting with a first gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen, H.sub.2 O, and HCl; (2) purging hydrogen from contact with the catalyst with an inert gas stream; (3) burning carbon from the resulting catalyst at a relatively low temperature and a relatively high pressure with a substantially sulfur-free second gaseous mixture containing relatively small amounts of oxygen, H.sub.

Abstract: A catalytic composite of from about 4 to about 30 wt. % Group VIB metal, from about 1 to about 10 wt. % Group VIII metal and a refractory inorganic oxide carrier material is manufactured by co-extruding a Group VIB metal compound, a Group VIII metal compound and a refractory inorganic oxide, the resulting extrudate being subsequently impregnated with a Group VIB metal compound and a Group VIII metal compound to yield an improved catalyst.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst in an oxidized state is activated by a method which yields a superior performing hydrogenation catalyst. The hydrogenation catalyst is reduced, sulfided and stripped by a procedure which allows a more economical and time-saving start-up procedure.