Abstract: Detergent-grade alkylate is produced by the HF-acid catalyzed reaction of aromatic hydrocarbons and an olefinic hydrocarbon. The process utilizes a unique fractionation facility for the recovery and use of an aromatic concentrate, and ultimate recovery of the detergent alkylate product. Integrated within the process is a combination stripping/fractionation column having a contact-condenser disposed therein.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with an acidic sulfur-free multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a rhenium component, a nickel component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material. The platinum group component, rhenium component, nickel component, and halogen component are present in the multimetallic catalyst in amounts respectively, calculated on an elemental basis, corresponding to about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % rhenium, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % nickel, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen.

Abstract: A superactive acidic bimetallic catalytic composite, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component and a tin component and of a computed amount of a halogen component with a porous carrier material, is disclosed. The platinum group and tin component are present in the composite in amounts, calculated on an elemental basis, of about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal and about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % tin. The amount of the halogen component is selected as a function of the surface area of the porous carrier material and of the moles of tin contained in the composite in accordance with a hereinafter disclosed relationship. Moreover, the tin component is uniformly dispersed throughout the porous carrier material in a particle size having a maximum dimension less than 100 A and substantially all of the platinum group component is present as the elemental metal and substantially all of the tin is present in an oxidation state above that of the elemental metal.

Abstract: An unsaturated compound is subjected to a hydroformylation reaction which comprises reacting said unsaturated compound with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst containing a rhenium complex.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking process for simultaneously cracking a gas oil feed and upgrading a gasoline-range feed to produce high quality motor fuel. The gasoline-range feed is contacted with freshly regenerated catalyst in a relatively upstream portion of a short-time dilute-phase riser reaction zone maintained at first catalytic cracking conditions and the gas oil feed is contacted with used catalyst in a relatively downstream portion of the riser reaction zone which is maintained at second catalytic cracking conditions.Particularly suited to efficiently cracking a gas oil feed and upgrading a wide variety of gasoline range-feed, including the more refractory of such feeds, is a fluid catalytic cracking process comprising a short-time dilute-phase riser reaction zone and a regeneration zone in which CO, produced by the oxidation of coke, is essentially completely oxidized to CO.sub.2 and in which at least part of the heat of combustion is transferred to regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: A control system for regulating the reaction zone temperature in a process for the acid-catalyzed alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefinic feed stream containing mixed olefins. The reaction zone temperature is adjusted to obtain the optimum for a given feed composition, in order to maximize the octane rating of the ultimate normally liquid alkylate product. The control system effects rapid compensation for continuing changes in feed composition which, at a fixed reaction zone temperature, otherwise adversely affect the octane rating.

Abstract: A multimetallic acidic catalytic composite, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, a rhodium component, a nickel component and a halogen component with a porous carrier material is disclosed. Preferred modifying components for the disclosed catalytic composite are a sulfur component and/or a Group IVA metallic component. The principal utility of this composite is in the conversion of hydrocarbons, particularly in the reforming of a gasoline fraction to make a high octane reformate. A specific example of the disclosed catalytic composite is a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum component, a rhodium component, a nickel component and a chloride component with an alumina carrier material.

Abstract: A rigid monolithic catalyst support member is formed by having substantially round pellets of ceramic, or other refractory material, positioned in a staggered or random manner between spaced apart rigid sheetlike members such that there will be a turbulent fluid flow for a stream passing between the layers of such sheet-like members. Typically, the support materials will be of the same type of materials used for making the refractory "honeycomb" members, such as petalite, cordierite, alumina-silicates, alumina-silica-magnesia, zircon-mullite, alpha-alumina, etc.

Abstract: A liftable housing form of pressure tight treating chamber is especially adapted to providing multiple stage treatments to catalyst support members, such as honeycomb-type elements, in order to place a catalytic coating on all of the interior surfaces of the multiple passageways through the elements. Power operated lifting of an open-bottomed housing permits the placement of members on sharp edged pin support means in the interior of the chamber such that passageways will not be blocked while the element is being subjected to vacuum, liquid coating, and air blowing stages.

Abstract: Electrical resistor inks comprising a mixture of a semi-conducting pyropolymeric inorganic material and a transition metal oxide along with a vehicle consisting of a binder such as a synthetic resin or a varnish and a suitable solvent or oil, etc. are useful in forming resistors in electrical circuits, the resistor ink possessing a temperature coefficient of resistance of less than about 500 ppm/.degree. C.

Abstract: Electrical resistor inks comprising a mixture of carbon black and a semi-conducting pyropolymeric inorganic material along with a vehicle consisting of a binder such as a synthetic resin or a varnish and a suitable solvent or oil, etc. are useful in forming resistors in electrical circuits, the resistor ink possessing a temperature coefficient of resistance of less than 500 ppm/.degree. C.

Abstract: Solid compositions of matter containing perfumery composites will also contain a mono(C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl) ether of diethylene glycol whereby the evaporation of the perfumery composite may be regulated to a constant value.

Abstract: A process for separating the para-isomer from a feed mixture containing at least two bi-alkyl substituted monocyclis aromatic isomers, including the para isomer, said isomers having from 8 to about 18 carbon atoms per molecule which process comprises contacting said mixture with an adsorbent prepared by the steps of: contacting a base material comprising type X or type Y zeolite with a fluoride-containing aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at first ion exchange conditions to effect the addition of sodium to and the extraction of alumina from said base material; treating the sodium-exchanged base material at second ion exchange conditions to effect the essentially complete exchange of sodium cations; and, drying the material at conditions to reduce the LOI at 900.degree. C. to less than about 10 wt. % thereby selectively adsorbing at adsorption conditions said para isomer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing high surface area spheroidal alumina particles. A finely divided eta alumina is admixed and suspended in an alumina hydrosol and the mixture thereafter converted to spheroidal particles comprising eta and gamma alumina by the oil-drop method. The alumina spheres are particularly useful as a high surface area support or carrier material for catalytic components, and as a high surface area adsorbent.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high surface area, spheroidal reforming catalyst comprising a tin-promoted, alumina-supported platinum group metal. A soluble tin compound and a finely divided eta-alumina are combined with an acidic alumina hydrosol, and the mixture thereafter converted to spheroidal particles by the oil-drop method. The spheroidal particles are subsequently impregnated with a platinum group metal component.

Abstract: A process for the separation of the para-isomer from a hydrocarbon feed mixture comprising at least two bi-alkyl substituted monocyclic aromatic isomers, including the para-isomer, said isomers having from 8 to about 18 carbon atoms per molecule using a specially prepared adsorbent comprising a Y zeolite containing at the exchangeable cationic sites one or more selected cations. The feed mixture is passed through a bed of the adsorbent wherein the para-isomer is preferentially adsorbed within the adsorbent and thereafter recovered from the adsorbent. Novel feature of the process is the use of the specially prepared adsorbents which have faster adsorption-desorption rates for the desired para-isomer.

Abstract: An adsorptive separation process for separating ethylbenzene from a feed mixture comprising ethylbenzene and at least one xylene isomer, which process comprises contacting the feed mixture with a crystalline aluminosilicate adsorbent comprising type X structured zeolite containing at the exchangeable cationic sites at least one cation selected from the group consisting of cations of elements of Group I-A of the Periodic Table of Elements to effect the selective adsorption of ethylbenzene. The ethylbenzene adsorbed by the adsorbent is thereafter recovered as a purified product. The process can be either in the liquid or vapor phase.

Abstract: Dehydrogenating a primary or secondary alcohol to the corresponding aldehyde or ketone in a compound also containing a tertiary alcohol, with survival of said tertiary alcohol, by effecting the dehydrogenation at a temperature of about 200.degree. to about 350.degree.C. in a stirred suspension of dehydrogenation catalyst and high boiling inert liquid.

Abstract: Measuring cell for determining oxygen concentration in a combustion engine exhaust stream utilizes a wafer or disc of stabilized ZrO.sub.2 as a solid electrolyte. A pair of concentric metal tubes having oppositely directed flanges contact electrode surfaces on the wafer and provide rugged electrical connections thereto. A pair of tubular ceramic sleeves positioned between the metal tubes electrically insulate the metal tubes from each other, seal (with the help of high temperature ceramic fiber gaskets) the wafer from leakage of exhaust gases to the reference side of the cell and space the wafer from the outer metal housing. The ceramic sleeves also maintain high temperature sealing and contact pressure between the tube flanges and the electrodes by virtue of the fact that they have a greater longitudinal length subject to temperature expansion than does the metal housing, thus making up for the fact that their temperature expansion coefficient per unit of length is lower.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a trimetallic acidic catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, a rhodium component, a bismuth component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material. The platinum or palladium component, rhodium component, and halogen component are present in the trimetallic catalyst in amounts respectively, calculated on an elemental basis, corresponding to about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum or palladium, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % rhodium, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen. The bismuth component is present in amounts corresponding to an atomic ratio of bismuth to platinum or palladium of about 0.1:1 to about 1:1.