Abstract: 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), a precursor of serotonin, is produced in a microbial host cell. A modified bacterial phenylalanine 4-hydroxylase (P4H) catalyzes the tryptophan 5-hydroxylation reaction. Optionally the host cell includes a cofactor regeneration mechanism, allowing continuous production of 5-HTP without supplementation of exogenous cofactors.

Abstract: Genetically engineered organophosphorus acid anhydrolases (OPAA) with improved catalytic efficiency and relaxed stereospecificity are provided. The variants typically include a mutation at the residue corresponding to H343 of wildtype Alteromonas sp. OPAA. The mutation allows the OPAA enzyme to effectively process both VR enantiomers. The OPAA optionally include one or more mutations selected the residues corresponding to Y212, V342, and I215 of wildtype Alteromonas sp. OPAA which improve the enzyme's catalytic efficiency for VX and VR. A particularly preferred OPAA includes mutations at the residues corresponding Y212F, V342L, I215Y, and H343D relative to wildtype Alteromonas sp. OPAA. Compositions including an effective amount of OPAA to increase hydrolysis of an organophosphate, and methods of use thereof for treating subjects exposed to an organophosphate, or a surface or liquid contaminated with an organophosphate are also provided.

Abstract: A new variety of Citrus ichangensis x C. maxima plant named ‘Tift2-16’ produces fruit with a reduced number of seeds, making it valuable as a backyard fruit tree. Also, it is a desirable tree for landscaping.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of plant breeding and aphid resistance. More specifically, the invention includes a method for breeding soybean plants containing quantitative trait loci that are associated with resistance to aphids, Aphis glycines. The invention further includes method for monitoring the introgression quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring aphid resistance into elite germplasm in a breeding program.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting plant parasitic nematodes, methods of obtaining transgenic plants useful for inhibiting such nematodes, and transgenic plants that are resistant to plant parasitic nematodes through inhibition of plant nematode CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE) peptide receptor genes are provided. Methods for expressing genes at plant parasitic nematode feeding sites with plant nematode CLE peptide receptor gene promoters are also provided, along with nematode CLE peptide receptor gene promoters that are useful for expressing genes in nematode feeding sites as well as transgenic plants and nematode resistant transgenic plants comprising the promoters.

Abstract: Provided herein are genetically engineered microbes that include at least a portion of a carbon fixation pathway, and in one embodiment, use molecular hydrogen to drive carbon dioxide fixation. In one embodiment, the genetically engineered microbe is modified to convert acetyl CoA, molecular hydrogen, and carbon dioxide to 3-hydroxypropionate, 4-hydroxybutyrate, acetyl CoA, or the combination thereof at levels greater than a control microbe. Other products may also be produced. Also provided herein are cell free compositions that convert acetyl CoA, molecular hydrogen, and carbon dioxide to 3-hydroxypropionate, 4-hydroxybutyrate, acetyl CoA, or the combination thereof. Also provided herein are methods of using the genetically engineered microbes and the cell free compositions.

Abstract: An altered avian NDV that contains the coding sequence of avian interleukin-4 (IL-4), or a portion thereof, in the reverse orientation suppresses in-ovo IL-4 production via RNAi when administered to embryonic birds. An immunogenic composition containing this altered NDV is included in this invention. The altered avian NDV can, optionally contain a polynucleotide encoding a heterologous antigen from a heterologous avian pathogen and can produce said heterologous antigen in-ovo.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient modular chemical synthesis for heparan sulfate oligosaccharides based on orthogonal protection strategies. Modular disaccharide building blocks, themselves the product of a novel combinatorial synthesis, are combined in numerous ways to produce a range of oligosaccharides.

Abstract: A new variety of Miscanthus sinensis plant named ‘M77’ produces a reduced number of seeds, making it less invasive.

Abstract: The present invention provides method of classifying a subject into a necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) disease risk group. The method may include assessing the presence of one or more marker (e.g., SNPs or risk loci) in a sample from the subject. For example, detection of the presence of one or more markers that are associated with an increased risk of NME can indicate that the subject should be classified into a risk group.

Abstract: Provided herein are engineered cell lines. In some embodiments, cells of an engineered cell line have altered expression of a gene and/or altered expression of an miRNA, wherein the altered expression results in increased or decreased production of a virus. The virus is a picornavirus, such as a poliovirus or Enterovirus 71. Also provided herein are methods for using the engineered cells to produce virus, and methods for treating a subject having or at risk of having a viral infection.

Abstract: A method of producing methacrylic acid using a hydrotalcite catalyst and subcritical water is described.

Abstract: A new and distinct muscadine grape plant characterized by purple berries; self-fertile flowers; berries that separate with a high percentage of dry stem scars; berries that are very large in size; and very productive vines with high total and usable yields.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are neural extracellular vesicles (EVs) and methods of using these EVs in the treatment of spinal cord injury, stroke, and traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, which are useful as inhibitors of IMPDH. In certain embodiments, a compound of the invention selectively inhibits a parasitic IMPDH versus a host IMPDH. Further, the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of the invention. The invention also relates to methods of treating various parasitic and bacterial infections in mammals. Moreover, the compounds may be used alone or in combination with other therapeutic or prophylactic agents, such as anti-virals, anti-inflammatory agents, antimicrobials and immunosuppressants.

Abstract: The present application provides methods for decarboxylation of amino acids via imine formation with a catalyst under pressurized, heated, conditions in either a microwave or oil bath, with optional recovery of the catalyst and/or catalyst byproduct.

Abstract: Provided are methods for the meta-selective C—H arylations of arene alcohol-based substrates. The methods combine the transient norbornene strategy with a quinoline-based acetal scaffold to achieve the formation of biaryl compounds. These processes establish a foundation for catalytic polyfunctionalization of alcohol-based compounds. The method comprises attaching a heterocyclic hemiacetal scaffold to an aromatic alcohol or a substituted aromatic alcohol; reacting the aromatic or substituted aromatic alcohol having the heterocyclic hemiacetal scaffold attached with an alkyl or aryl iodide in a reaction mix comprising a palladium catalyst, a silver salt, and carboxymethyl norbornene to generate a meta-arylated arene conjugated to the heterocyclic hemiacetal scaffold; and then cleaving the heterocyclic hemiacetal scaffold from the meta-arylated arene alcohol.

Abstract: A new and distinct muscadine grape plant characterized by purple berries; self-fertile flowers; berries that separate with a high percentage of dry stem scars; berries that are very large in size; and very productive vines with high total and usable yields.

Abstract: A pecan tree distinguished by the following unique combination of characteristics: Large nut size, good kernel quality, moderately early harvest date, and excellent resistance to the scab fungus (Fusicladosporium effusum).

Abstract: A new variety of Miscanthus sinensis plant named ‘M77’ produces a reduced number of seeds, making it less invasive.