Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for regeneration of retinal neurons and vision restoration after injury, disease, or loss comprising, administration of a nucleic acid sequence encoding Ascl1 and retinal reprogramming potentiating agents, including HDAC inhibitors, STAT-signaling inhibitors and microRNA manipulations in Ascl1-induced retinal regeneration.

Abstract: A garment for detecting radiation washout (e.g., radioactivity concentrations) in organs includes a covering that wraps around and is secured to the body. The covering permits positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of the body through the covering. The garment includes guides formed from a material that is visible in a computed tomography (CT) image of the garment, such that the guides are visible in CT images of user organs that the garment overlies. A plurality of radiation detectors are attached to the covering in a configuration customized for the body. A wiring system connects the plurality of radiation detectors to a power and data control system that is configured to transmit data from the garment to a remote service provider.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a system is provided that comprises a computing system including at least one computing device and a camera communicatively coupled to the computing system via a network. The computing system is configured to generate a set of features based on three-dimensional joint location data representing postures of a subject over a plurality of time steps depicted in video data captured by the camera; provide the set of features to a first machine learning model trained to identify a start time step, an end time step, and an action identity for each action; provide the set of features to a second machine learning model trained to determine a postural assessment score for each time step; and determine an action score for each action based on the start time steps, the end time steps, the action identities, and the postural assessment scores for each time step.

Abstract: Systems and methods for simultaneous focal length control and achromatic computational imaging with quartic metasurfaces are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, an imaging system includes: a first metalens having a plurality of first nanoposts carried by a first substrate; a second metalens having a plurality of second nanoposts carried by a second substrate; and a source of light configured to emit light toward the first metalens and the second metalens. The first metalens is transversely offset with respect to the second metalens.

Abstract: A method for testing a structure using laser ultrasound includes steps of: (1) directing positioning light on a surface of the structure; (2) determining a spatial location and a spatial orientation of the surface from an evaluation of the positioning light reflected back from the surface; (3) directing pump light onto the surface to generate ultrasonic waves in the structure; (4) selectively locating a probe-light focal point of probe light on the surface, based on the spatial location determined for the surface; (5) selectively angularly orienting the probe light normal to the surface, based on the spatial orientation determined for the surface; and (6) directing the probe light onto the surface to detect a response to the ultrasonic waves.

Abstract: Electrochemical cell diagnostic systems and methods are described. Examples include systems having a signal generator configured to apply a stimulus having a stimulus frequency to at least one electrochemical cell. The stimulus may be configured to excite at least one non-linear mode of the at least one electrochemical cell. Systems may include measurement circuitry configured to detect a response of the at least one electrochemical cell to the stimulus. The response may include a second or greater harmonic component. Systems may include a display device configured to display an indication of an internal state of the at least one electrochemical cell based, at least in part of the second or greater harmonic component of the response.

Abstract: The disclosure provides compositions and methods for suppressing off-target editing guide RNA-nuclease complexes. The disclosed strategies incorporate use of catalytically inactive truncated guide RNA/nuclease complexes to shield off-target editing. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides a method of inhibiting off-target cleavage of DNA by a first guide RNA-endonuclease complex by contacting the DNA with a second guide RNA-endonuclease complex that comprises a second guide RNA corresponding to the off-target site but with a recognition sequence of 16 or fewer nucleotides. In another aspect, the disclosure provides a method for preventing cleavage of DNA after editing and subsequent homology-directed repair (HDR) by contacting the repaired DNA with a guide RNA-endonuclease complex that comprises a guide RNA with a guide RNA corresponding to the repaired sequence but with a recognition sequence of 16 or fewer nucleotides. Additional methods, compositions, and kits are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of indirectly cooling an optomechanical resonator, comprising impinging a laser on an optomechanical resonator attached to a substrate, wherein the optomechanical resonator comprises a cantilever, a cooling end of the cantilever, having a cooling end comprising a laser-induced cooling element, an attachment end of the cantilever, attached to a substrate, and wherein the laser has a peak wavelength in the near-infrared band.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating traumatic brain injury. The methods and compositions utilize a multi-functional oxygen reactive polymer (ORP) that includes repeating units that include a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging group and a polyalkylene oxide group. For theranostic applications, the oxygen reactive polymer further includes a diagnostic group.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods and composition for assessing conditions related to immune complex (IC)-mediated neutrophil activation and interventions to address the conditions. The disclosed methods include detecting the presence of ICs in a biological sample, and/or detecting the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in a biological sample. Other disclosed methods include detecting the modification or cleavage of FcgRIIA on circulating cells obtained from a patient. The assays and related compositions can identify patients with a severe phenotype and have the capacity to predict future disease flare and disease progression allowing for early preventive treatment and monitoring. The disclosure also provides compositions and kits to support performance of the disclosed methods.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a nuclear medicine tomography detector module using principal component analysis is based on the idea that calibration beam data lies on a one-dimensional path within the higher dimensional dataspace of output data. The module includes a weighted multiplexing circuit that generates a small number of multiplexed signals for each photon event. Calibration data for the module is generated and analyzed using several iterations of principal component analyses, to filter scattering events, noise, and other spurious signals. The direction of depth-of-interaction information has been found in the high-dimensional dataspace to be indicated by the primary principal component of the calibration data. The primary principal components, principal components from filtered datasets, intermediate thresholds, and DOI or inner product values are recorded for calibrating the module.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for photo-chemical oxidation are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a dialysis fluid regeneration system includes: a nanostructured anode; a source of light configured to illuminate the anode; and a cathode that is oxygen permeable.

Abstract: The present technology provides systems and methods for oligonucleotide ligation assays (“OLA”). In some embodiments, OLA devices are provided that incorporate pathogen detection testing and drug resistance testing into a single device using a lateral flow membrane. The OLA devices can be used at point of car settings to aid a clinician in selecting an appropriate therapeutic regimen for an infected patient.

Abstract: A spectrometer includes a crystal analyzer having a radius of curvature that defines a Rowland circle, a sample stage configured to support a sample such that the sample is offset from the Rowland circle, an x-ray source configured to emit unfocused x-rays toward the sample stage, and a position-sensitive detector that is tangent to the Rowland circle. A method performed via a spectrometer includes emitting, via an x-ray source, unfocused x-rays toward a sample that is mounted on a sample stage such that the sample is offset from the Rowland Circle, thereby causing the sample to emit x-rays that impinge on the crystal analyzer or transmit a portion of the unfocused x-rays to impinge on the crystal analyzer; scattering, via the crystal analyzer, the x-rays that impinge on the crystal analyzer; and detecting the scattered x-rays via a position-sensitive detector that is tangent to the Rowland circle.

Abstract: To provide simple yet accurate stent graft fenestration, a patient-specific fenestration template is used as a guide for graft fenestration. To generate the fenestration template, a patient's medical imaging data such as CT scan data may be used to generate a 3-D digital model of an aorta lumen of the patient. The aorta lumen may encompass one or more branch vessels, which may be indicated on the 3-D digital model. Based on the 3-D digital model or a segment thereof, the fenestration template may be generated, for example, using 3-D printing technology. The fenestration template may include one or more holes or openings that correspond to the one or more branch vessels. To fenestrate a stent graft, the fenestration template is coupled to the stent graft so that the holes or openings on the fenestration template indicate the fenestration locations.

Abstract: Next Generation DNA sequencing promises to revolutionize clinical medicine and basic research. However, while this technology has the capacity to generate hundreds of billions of nucleotides of DNA sequence in a single experiment, the error rate of approximately 1% results in hundreds of millions of sequencing mistakes. These scattered errors can be tolerated in some applications but become extremely problematic when “deep sequencing” genetically heterogeneous mixtures, such as tumors or mixed microbial populations. To overcome limitations in sequencing accuracy, a method Duplex Consensus Sequencing (DCS) is provided. This approach greatly reduces errors by independently tagging and sequencing each of the two strands of a DNA duplex. As the two strands are complementary, true mutations are found at the same position in both strands. In contrast, PCR or sequencing errors will result in errors in only one strand.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein directed to systems, apparatuses, and methods for the suppression of artifacts in non-invasive electromagnetic recordings. A data set, such as an electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) data set may be recorded by a number of sensors. The data set may include contributions from a signal of interest and from artifacts. The contribution of artifacts may be suppressed by splitting the data set into projected data and residual data based on a spatial model of the signal of interest. The projected data may contain contributions from the signal of interest and artifacts, while the residual data may primarily contain contributions from artifacts. The projected and residual data may be compared to remove or reduce the contribution of artifacts from the projected data.

Abstract: To provide simple yet accurate stent graft fenestration, a patient-specific fenestration template is used as a guide for graft fenestration. To generate the fenestration template, a patient's medical imaging data such as CT scan data may be used to generate a 3-D digital model of an aorta lumen of the patient. The aorta lumen may encompass one or more branch vessels, which may be indicated on the 3-D digital model. Based on the 3-D digital model or a segment thereof, the fenestration template may be generated, for example, using 3-D printing technology. The fenestration template may include one or more holes or openings that correspond to the one or more branch vessels. To fenestrate a stent graft, the fenestration template is coupled to the stent graft so that the holes or openings on the fenestration template indicate the fenestration locations.

Abstract: Methods of uniquely labeling or barcoding molecules within a cell, a plurality of cells, and/or a tissue are provided. Kits for uniquely labeling or barcoding molecules within a cell, a plurality of cells, and/or a tissue are also provided. The molecules to be labeled may include, but are not limited to, RNAs, cDNAs, DNAs, proteins, peptides, and/or antigens.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for ultrasound beam shaping are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, an ultrasonic therapy system is configured to apply ultrasound to a target in a body. The system includes: an ultrasonic transducer configured to generate the ultrasound; and a customizable lens configured to focus the ultrasound onto a focal area of the target. The target is an object or a portion of the object in the body. The customizable lens is designed and produced based on at least one acquired image of the target.