Abstract: A mold structure having high-precision multi-dimensional components which includes a first oxide layer superimposed on a top of a first semiconductor substrate; a second oxide layer superimposed on a top of a second semiconductor substrate; integrated designs patterned in at least one of the oxide layers; and the first and second semiconductor substrates bonded to one another into a three dimensional (3D) mold such that the first oxide layer only makes partial contact with the second oxide layer such that a portion of the first oxide layer avoids contact with the second oxide layer, the portion of the first oxide layer directly opposite a surface portion of the second semiconductor substrate that is free of the second oxide, the 3D mold selectively filled with a filling material to form a molded high-precision multi-dimensional component.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved cardiac pacemakers and methods of use thereof. In particular the cardiac pacemakers are useful for normalizing heart rates over resting heart rates in order to condition the heart to improve overall cardiac output.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for assessing endothelial function in a mammal. In certain embodiments the methods involve using a cuff to apply pressure to an artery in a subject to determine a plurality of baseline values for a parameter related to endothelial function as a function of applied pressure (Pm); b) applying a stimulus to the subject; and applying external pressure Pm to the artery to determine a plurality of stimulus-effected values for the parameter related to endothelial function as a function of applied pressure (Pm); where the baseline values are determined from measurements made when said mammal is not substantially effected by said stimulus and differences in said baseline values and said stimulus-effected values provide a measure of endothelial function in said mammal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for predicting mobility based on relative mobile characteristics are disclosed herein. The method of predicting mobility based on relative mobile characteristics includes detecting, by each of a plurality of sensor nodes of a sensor network including the plurality of sensor nodes, a change in relative location with respect to an observed node; recording, by the each of the plurality of sensor nodes, information about the detected change in relative location; generating, by the each of the plurality of sensor nodes, a mathematical model for a possibility of approach of the observed node with respect to the each of the plurality of sensor nodes using the recorded relative location change information; and predicting probabilistically, by the each of the plurality of sensor nodes, whether the observed node will approach the each of the plurality of sensor nodes using the mathematical model.

Abstract: A gas concentration apparatus and a method of operating the gas concentration apparatus are provided. The gas concentration apparatus includes a gas concentration module. The gas concentration module includes a base component having a chamber configured to accommodate carbon foam, a gas inlet connected to one side of the chamber, a gas outlet connected to the other side of the chamber, and a heating device disposed on at least one side of the substrate.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for automated polyp detection in optical colonoscopy images. The system includes an input configured to acquire a series of optical images, and a processor configured to process the optical images. Processing steps include performing a boundary classification with steps comprising locating a series of edge pixels using at least one acquired optical image, selecting an image patch around each said edge pixel, performing a classification threshold analysis on each image patch of said edge pixels using a set of determined boundary classifiers, and identifying, based on the classification threshold analysis, polyp edge pixels consistent with a polyp edge. Processing steps for the processor also include performing a vote accumulation, using the identified polyp edge pixels, to determine a polyp location. The system also includes an output configured to indicate potential polyps using the determined polyp location.

Abstract: The invention provide isolated arrestin domain-containing protein 1 (ARRDC1)-mediated micro vesicles (ARMMs). Methods for generating and for isolating ARMMs are also provided herein. ARMMs can be used to deliver agents, for example, nucleic acids (e.g., siRNAs, microRNAs, lincRNAs), proteins (e.g., transcription factors, chromatin modulators, kinases, phosphorylases, or recombinases), or small molecules to target cells in vitro and in vivo, and methods for such ARMM-mediated delivery are provided herein. Diagnostic and therapeutic methods using ARMMs are also described herein.

Abstract: Spin labeled ice binding compounds (IBCs) including ice binding proteins (IBPs), also called antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and their analogs are exploited to carry the paramagnetic centers for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), for enhancing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal intensities. Use of spin labeled IBCs to perform DNP exploits the IBCs' ability to homogeneously distribute the paramagnetic centers in frozen water solution at low temperature, leading to high DNP efficiency. Other advantages of using spin labeled IBCs include: (1) ability to cryo-protect biological samples; (2) the relative positions and orientations of the spin labeling groups in an IBC may also be cryo-preserved; (3) positions and orientations of spin labeling groups to an IBC can be selected with great freedom and without technical barrier to making multiple spin labels in an IBC; and (4) water solubilities of spin labeled IBCs are potentially high, enabling use of a solvent that is primarily water for DNP at low temperatures.

Abstract: Zwitterionic crosslinking agents, crosslinked zwitterionic hydrogels prepared from copolymerization of zwitterionic monomers with the zwitterionic crosslinking agent, methods for making crosslinked zwitterionic hydrogels, and devices that include and methods that use the crosslinked zwitterionic hydrogels.

Abstract: A method for enhancing an interaction between graphene nanoparticles and a poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), including modifying graphene with nitric acid to form graphene nanoparticles surface modified with one or more oxygen functionalities, melt blending the poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate) and the modified graphene nanoparticles to obtain a nanocomposite, and exposing the nanocomposite to microwave irradiation to form defects in the graphene nanoparticles. A blend composition, including graphene nanoparticles and a poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), where the graphene nanoparticles are dispersed in the poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), and the graphene nanoparticles are surface modified with oxygen functionalities.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is provided, having two comparators, two digital-to-analog converters (DACs), and an adder circuit. The ADC receives an input value and, over a plurality of conversion cycles of the ADC, generates an output value representative of the input value. Each respective DAC generates a plurality of threshold levels, which are defined, at least in part, by predetermined redundancy levels that are binary-scaled. The comparator arrangement provides an output code in a respective conversion cycle and, for at least two adjacent conversion cycles, the two comparators collectively provide 2-bit output codes. The adder circuit provides a plurality of output bits of the output value, and is capable of overlapping and adding a first significant bit of the 2-bit output code provided for a predetermined conversion cycle with a second significant bit of the 2-bit output code provided for a previous conversion cycle to generate one output bit.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an image encoding and decoding method and apparatus. A division mode used for a current image block is acquired, division information of the current image block is acquired according to the division mode, and encoding processing is performed on a division mode identifier and the division information that correspond to the division mode, so that a decoder obtains, according to the division mode identifier and the division information, a division template used by an encoder, so as to perform decoding. The encoder and the decoder do not need to store a large quantity of division templates, thereby lightening a burden on an encoding and decoding system.

Abstract: An infrared imaging detection and positioning method for an underground building in a planar land surface environment comprises: obtaining an original infrared image g0 formed after stratum modulation is performed on an underground building, and determining a local infrared image g of a general position of the underground building in the original infrared image g0; setting an iteration termination condition, and setting an initial value h0 of a Gaussian thermal diffusion function; using the local infrared image g as an initial target image f0, and performing iteration solution of a thermal expansion function hn and a target image fn by using a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm according to the initial value h0 of the Gaussian thermal diffusion function; and determining whether the iteration termination condition is met, if the iteration termination condition is met, using the target image fn obtained by means of iteration solution this time as a final target image f; and if the iteration termination con

Abstract: A memory device for multiple processors capable of processing a plurality of memory access requests and a memory system having the same are provided. The memory device includes one command and control signal port configured to receive a command and control signal from a memory controller, one address port configured to receive an address signal from the memory controller, a data port configured to form a plurality of data channels being independently driven to simultaneously process a plurality of memory access requests of the memory controller, and a plurality of memory banks divided into a plurality of sub-banks to simultaneously perform operations according to the plurality of memory access requests when the plurality of memory access requests are sequentially transmitted through the command and control signal port and the address port.

Abstract: The present invention provides dendrimer conjugates. The present invention provides a composition comprising a dendrimer conjugate and a cell, such as a cell covered with dendrimer conjugates, in which dendrimer conjugates home the cell to a target tissue.

Abstract: A skyrmion driving method that utilizes electric current to make it possible to perform driving ON-OFF control at high speed and to suppress the influence of an inertial effect so that the driving control can be performed further logically. The skyrmion is driven based on a driving amount proportional to a time-integrated value of an electric current density j(t) (Am?2) at a clock time t for a location R(t) of the skyrmion at the clock time t and on a driving amount that is in accordance with a diffusive motion due to thermal fluctuation and increases as a Gilbert attenuation constant increases.

Abstract: A compound that can function as a Cyclophilin D can include a structure of Formula 1 or Formula 2 or Formula 3 or Formula 4 or Formula 5 or Formula 6 or Formula 7 or Formula 8, derivative thereof, prodrug thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combination thereof, as presented herein. The Cyclophilin D inhibitors can inhibit onset or treat neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease, or can be used for inhibiting progression or treating diabetes.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to photocatalytic polyoxometalate compositions of tungstovanadates and uses as water oxidation catalysts. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to compositions comprising water, a complex of a tetra-metal oxide cluster and VW9O34 ligands, and a photosensitizer. Typically, the metal oxide cluster is Co. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to electrodes and other devices comprising water oxidation catalysts disclosed herein and uses in generating fuels and electrical power from solar energy.

Abstract: The invention provides for methods for treating a hair loss disorder in a subject by administering a Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription inhibitor.

Abstract: ‘NCCX2’ is a new cultivar of hybrid beautyberry with a compact habit, purple emerging and fall foliage and abundant pink-purple fruit in the fall.