Abstract: A neutron detection system may include a volume of neutron moderating material, and a plurality of solid state neutron detection devices disposed within the volume of neutron moderating material, wherein some of the neutron detection devices suitable for transduction of primary reaction products resulting from a neutron interaction event, wherein some of the solid state neutron detection devices include two or more solid state neutron detection elements, and wherein the solid state neutron detection elements are configured for omnidirectional detection of impinging neutrons.

Abstract: An assembly for determining at least one electrical property of an object. The assembly includes at least one transmitter that can generate a plurality of electromagnetic field distribution patterns directed at an object. The assembly also includes a data apparatus with an MRI apparatus and a data processor. The MRI apparatus can produce at least one image of the object using a magnitude or a phase modulated by the electromagnetic field distribution patterns. The processor can then process data associated with the object to determine the at least one electrical property the object.

Abstract: A digital forensic apparatus for analyzing user activities includes: a collection unit for collecting analysis information related to user activities from a device as an investigation target for analyzing the user activities; and an analysis unit for analyzing the analysis information collected by the collection unit to determine activity information of a user from each type of the analysis information, and for causing the activity information to be arranged and displayed in temporal order.

Abstract: Methods for computing the inverse dynamics of multibody systems with contacts are disclosed. Inverse dynamics means computing external forces that cause a system to move along a given trajectory. Such computations have been used routinely for data analysis and control synthesis in the absence of contacts between rigid bodies. The disclosed inverse dynamics methods include the ability to handle contacts. The disclosed methods include the following steps: projecting the discrete-time equations of motion from joint space to contact space; defining the forward dynamics in contact space as the solution to an optimization problem; using the features of this optimization problem to obtain a unique inverse—which turns out to correspond to the solution to a dual optimization problem; solving the latter using standard methods for numerical optimization; projecting the solution from contact space back to joint space and finding the external forces.

Abstract: A light harvesting arrangement includes a conductive layer defining a plurality of cavities through the conductive layer. Each cavity has a lateral cross-sectional dimension in a range of 25 nanometers to 3000 nanometers and the cavities are configured and arranged to preferentially capture light in a wavelength band. The light harvesting arrangement also includes a light utilizing material disposed on the walls of the cavities or within one or more light receiving structures that receives light from the cavities (or both). The light utilizing material is configured and arranged to absorb light captured by the cavities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating a cancer and in particular, a B-cell derived cancer, using a lymphocytotoxic but hematopoeitic cell sparing high-dose pulsed amount of an oxazaphosphorine drug in combination with immune therapeutics such as, for example, an autologous idiotypic vaccine and monoclonal antibodies that selectively bind B-cell specific antigens.

Abstract: A simple, highly flexible and scalable platform for making functional complex tissues with heterogeneity and irregularity is provided. The method includes combining undifferentiated cells, such as pluripotent or multipotent stem cells, with a biomaterial to make multiple undifferentiated or naïve subunits, exposing the undifferentiated or naïve subunits to different cell culture environments for induction of differentiation towards different lineages as required by that complex tissue, and combining the then functional subunits with or without the undifferentiated subunits. The differentiated subunits thus combined can be cultured under biological, chemical, and/or physical culture conditions suitable to fine-tune the structural and functional properties of the bioengineered complex tissue to form a bioengineered tissue graft that mimics the structural and functional characteristics of native complex tissue. The bioengineered tissue graft can then used to replace dysfunctional tissue.

Abstract: The invention provides methods to detect or quantify cells such as nucleated cells in a sample such as a physiological sample, which employ magnetic substrates and subjects the sample and the magnetic substrate to forms of energy so as to induce aggregate formation.

Abstract: A process for advantageously producing a graphene/SiC composite material is provided in which a large-area graphene layer that is flat in an atomic level is formed on a SiC single crystal substrate. The process for producing a graphene/SiC composite material in which at least one graphene layer is formed on a SiC single crystal substrate, comprising the steps of: removing an oxide film that is formed by natural oxidation and covers a surface of the SIC single crystal substrate, thereby exposing a Si surface of the SiC single crystal substrate, heating the SiC single crystal substrate with the Si surface exposed under an oxygen atmosphere, thereby forming a SiO2 layer on the surface of the SiC single crystal substrate, and heating the SiC single crystal substrate under vacuum on which the SiO2 layer was formed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an waveguide includes a primary core configured to guide electromagnetic waves having relatively long wavelengths, a unit cell having a core configured to guide electromagnetic waves having relatively short wavelengths, the relatively long wavelengths being at least twice as long as the relatively short wavelengths, and a cladding material that surrounds the primary core and the unit cell.

Abstract: Antimicrobial compositions are provided comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable organic acid and a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant. This synergistic combination allows compositions to be formulated at low concentrations that have efficacy in reducing bacterial counts by greater than 3 log within 5 minutes of contact while preserving the organoleptic properties of treated foods, including fresh produce. Also provided are methods for the use of the compositions to reduce the microbial load on the surfaces of foodstuffs, processed food products, and the hard surfaces of food preparation machinery, tools, benches, and the like.

Abstract: A method is provided to functionally select cells with enhanced characteristics relevant to cell engraftment, including both spontaneous migration and directional migration towards specific chemo-attractants. The cells are preferably undifferentiated cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells. The method involves entrapping or encapsulating the cells in a biomaterial barrier, optionally inducing cell migration, and selecting cells that migrated through the barrier. The cells selected by this method have better migratory activities and enhanced in vivo engraftment to injured tissues when they are supplemented systemically.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to compositions and methods useful for treating various conditions and afflictions, such as inflammation and cancer. More specifically, the present invention relates to compositions and methods of treatment which utilize peptides comprising at least one caveolin scaffolding domain. Even more specifically, the present invention relates to compositions of fusion peptides comprising the antennapedia homeodomain fused to a caveolin scaffolding domain and to methods of using these peptides to treat various conditions and afflictions.

Abstract: Infra-red images of tumors carry the information of normal and cancerous tissues in every pixel. We developed a Dual-Spectrum Heat Pattern Separation (DS-HPS) algorithm to quantify the energy from the area of the high temperature tissues, called qH map, and decompose the body surface into the high and normal temperature areas based on a pair of middle-wave Infra-red images and long-wave Infra-red images. Further, with longitudinal registration, we can detect the cancerous tissues and assess the chemotherapy treatment response on a pixel by pixel basis according to the change of the qH map derived by the DS-HPS algorithm. The preliminary result shows the area and the qH values in the high temperature area are decreased as the patients receive more chemotherapy. These suggest the proposed algorithm could capture the incremental or decremental of the energies emitted by the cancerous tissues, which has the potentials for chemotherapy assessment and early detection.

Abstract: A process for managing a screening interaction with a passenger, comprises a procedure for establishing an account from a passenger, and questions to establish the veracity of that account, such that more effective information can be gathered about the user's true intentions and identity. A computer apparatus intended to enable this process to be implemented is also described.

Abstract: An optical coherence eye-fundus tomography device has a high resolution and a good operability, as well as be miniaturized and be produced at a low cost. The optical coherence eye-fundus tomography device includes: a light source unit which emits a source light beam; a reference-light unit which reflects a reference light beam; an inspection unit which illuminates an object with an object scanning light beam, reflected the object scanning light beam; and a detection unit which obtains a tomographic image of the object on the basis of the interference light beam produced by interfering the reflected reference light beam with the reflected object light beam. For example, the light source unit emits the outgoing light beam that has a depth of focus of not less than 300 ?m, and resolution that is 6 ?m×6 ?m or higher in a planar direction perpendicular to a traveling direction of the outgoing light beam.

Abstract: The invention provides TLR agonists and conjugates thereof useful in vaccines and to prevent, inhibit or treat a variety of disorders including pathogen infection and asthma.

Abstract: The zirconium content of the alloy composition of a copper alloy wire is 3.0 to 7.0 atomic percent; and the copper alloy wire includes copper matrix phases and composite phases composed of copper-zirconium compound phases and copper phases. The copper matrix phases and the composite phases form a matrix phase-composite phase fibrous structure and are arranged alternately parallel to an axial direction as viewed in a cross-section parallel to the axial direction and including a central axis. The copper-zirconium compound phases and the copper phases in the composite phases also form a composite phase inner fibrous structure and are arranged alternately parallel to the axial direction at a phase pitch of 50 nm or less as viewed in the above cross-section. This double fibrous structure presumably makes the copper alloy wire densely fibrous to provide a strengthening mechanism similar to the rule of mixture for fiber-reinforced composite materials.

Abstract: Disclosed are a pH or concentration measuring device and a pH or concentration measuring method which enable measurement in the shortest possible time even in an object to be measured having low buffer capacity.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a modular three-phase converter including two or more interleaved, parallel connected Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) utilizing a hybrid Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVM) control scheme are provided. For the hybrid SVM control scheme, six active vectors utilized for SVM define six sectors in a space vector plane. Each sector is divided into two or more regions having corresponding optimal SVM switching sequences. In operation, a revolving reference voltage vector is sampled to provide a reference voltage vector. The SVM controller then identifies one of the regions in one of the sectors that corresponds to an angle and, in some embodiments, a magnitude of the revolving reference voltage vector and applies the corresponding optimal SVM switching sequence to the two or more interleaved, parallel connected VSCs.