Abstract: A method and apparatus of operating a combination power plant which includes at least one large diesel engine provided with a turbocharger connected to receive exhaust gas from the engine, an exhaust gas boiler connected to receive exhaust gas from the turbocharger for utilizing heat energy in the exhaust gas to produce pressurized steam, and a steam turbine for converting energy in the steam produced by the exhaust gas boiler to electrical energy. When the engine is running at a high power output rate, a side flow of exhaust gas is removed from the flow of exhaust gas upstream of the turbocharger, the side flow being below 20% of the total exhaust gas flow from the engine. Heat energy in the side flow gas is used to refine the steam produced by the exhaust gas boiler before feeding it into the steam turbine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a combustion engine provided with an engine block having a plurality of cylinders received therein and auxiliary equipment connected to the engine, wherein the engine block has identical connecting parts at a number of different locations and the auxiliary devices are each arranged on such a connecting part. The positions of the auxiliary devices can thus be interchanged in simple manner subject to the desired configuration of the engine. The invention further relates to an engine block, a cover embodied as casting, a supercharging unit, a lubricant unit and an exhaust gases conduit system, each intended for use in such a combustion engine. Finally, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a combustion engine, by manufacturing an engine block having identical connecting parts arranged thereon at a number of different positions, determining the use of the engine and, subject thereto, connecting the required auxiliary equipment to the connecting parts.

Abstract: A first shaft provided with a flange having a through bore is coupled to a second shaft provided with a flange having a blind bore aligned with the through bore in the flange of the first shaft using a coupling device including an adapting bolt having an external tapered surface and an axial hole open at the narrower end of the adapting bolt and a cylindrical sleeve element having an internal tapered surface corresponding to the external tapered surface of the adapting bolt, the adapting bolt being within the sleeve element. The coupling device is fitted in the aligned bores so that the narrower end of the adapting bolt is toward the flange of the first shaft and an end surface of the sleeve element is exposed. A tool is fitted in the axial hole in the adapting bolt and a force is applied to the tool tending to displace the adapting bolt relative to the sleeve element in the direction from the wider end of the adapting bolt toward the narrower end thereof.

Abstract: An arrangement for an injection pump in an internal combustion engine, especially a large diesel engine, in which the injection pump (2) is provided with a pressure medium controlled feed control valve (11), the flow circuit of which includes a pressure medium source (14), from which pressure medium is pumped through a delivery duct (16a) into a feed duct (17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 22a), which is provided with a non-return valve (23) and is connected to a pressure chamber (13) affecting said control valve (11) and to a spill passage (24) to be switched off by means of a solenoid valve (25), whereby closing of the solenoid valve (25) is arranged to provide a pressure increase in the pressure chamber (13) and, thus, a change of the state of the control valve (11).

Abstract: Piston unit for an internal combustion engine, especially for a large diesel engine, comprising at least three main parts located in successive order in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the piston and to be connected to each other. The piston unit includes a uniform upper part (3), which defines, when installed within a cylinder of the engine, a combustion chamber from the side of the piston and which is fixed inside of the piston at its central region to a middle part (2) of the piston unit preferably by means of a screw (4) or the like. At least the main part of, preferably all of the piston ring grooves (7) are arranged on a middle part (2). In addition the upper part (1) is selected to be of a material with better heat resistance than that of the middle part (2) and of a lower part (1).

Abstract: An injection valve arrangement for injecting a pressure medium into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprises a valve body formed with a feed duct and an actuation chamber, and an elongated valve member fitted in the valve body and movable in the valve body between an open position and a closed position. The valve member is formed with an internal chamber which is in communication with the feed duct and is also formed with one or more nozzle orifices which provide fluid communication between the internal chamber and the combustion chamber when the valve member is in the open position. The valve member has a piston surface bounding the actuation chamber such that force acting on the valve member due to pressure in the actuation chamber urges the valve member toward its open position against the force of a spring.

Abstract: A method for utilizing a silencer unit attached to an exhaust tube in a large diesel engine, and an exhaust gas system for applying the method in practice, in which the silencer unit includes a substantially hollow, preferably cylinder formed body member, inside of which a set of sound silencing porous elements can be fitted, said elements including a flow channel for the exhaust gases and being arranged in successive order in the flow direction of the exhaust gases longitudinally of the body member so that the exhaust gases are led through the flow channel of each element one after the other. Said elements are installed inside the body member in the axial direction from one end thereof one at a time and are supported to the inner mantle surface of the body member. In the flow direction upstream of the body member the exhaust tube is provided with means for feeding a medium containing ammonium, urea or the like reagent applicable for catalytic depuration into the exhaust gases.

Abstract: A method of using internal combustion engine exhaust in a combined cycle power plant is disclosed, wherein the quality and distribution of exhaust to the boiler space of a steam generated electric power plant is controlled to achieve greater system efficiencies. Outside air is blended only with that portion of the exhaust that passes through the burner ports as secondary or higher level combustion gas. The remainder of the exhaust is provided to the boiler space by a route other than through the burner.

Abstract: An injection valve arrangement for injecting an auxiliary medium into a combustion chamber of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine in order to reduce the concentration of noxious substances in the exhaust gases of the engine comprises a valve body bounding a first chamber into which the pressure medium is continuously fed through a feed duct and an elongated valve member for controlling the feeding of the auxiliary medium from the first chamber into the combustion chamber of the cylinder and being spring-loaded toward a closed position, in which it prevents the injection of the additional medium. The valve body also bounds a second chamber into which the auxiliary medium is fed, and the pressure prevailing in the second chamber urges the valve member toward the closed position.

Abstract: An improved valve rotation arrangement for providing valve rotation for a pressure medium valve in an internal combustion engine, especially a large diesel engine or gas engine, whereby the valve is opened under positive guidance for instance under the influence of a rocker arm and is closed by means of a spring, comprises a bearing arrangement for turnably journalling the upper part of a valve stem to the valve spring and a rotation mechanism supported to the cylinder head of the engine and arranged to provide valve rotation. The bearing arrangement comprises a slide bearing between a rotation element, arranged to the upper part of the valve stem, and a bearing housing element supported to the valve spring.

Abstract: Piston unit for an internal combustion engine, especially for a large diesel engine, comprising at least three main parts located in successive order in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the piston and to be connected to each other. The piston unit includes a uniform upper part (3), which defines, when installed within a cylinder of the engine, a combustion chamber from the side of the piston and which is fixed inside of the piston at its central region to a middle part (2) of the piston unit preferably by means of a screw (4) or the like. At least the main part of, preferably all of the piston ring grooves (7) are arranged on a middle part (2). In addition the upper part (1) is selected to be of a material with better heat resistance than that of the middle part (2) and of a lower part (1).

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine comprises a valve body structure including a nozzle part formed with a needle passage having at least one nozzle passage at one end, a primary control chamber spaced along the needle passage from the nozzle passage, and a secondary control chamber. The primary control cheer is connected in use to a duct for supplying fuel under pressure. The nozzle part of the valve body structure has a seating surface between the nozzle passage and the primary control chamber. A needle structure is fitted slidably in the needle passage with one end of the needle structure proximate the seating surface. The needle structure has a first control surface that is exposed to pressure of fluid in the primary control chamber, a second control surface at the end of the needle structure proximate the seating surface, and a third control surface exposed to pressure of fluid in the secondary control chamber.

Abstract: A vacuum toilet system comprises a toilet bowl having an outlet opening, a sewer pipe having an interior space, a discharge valve connecting the outlet opening of the toilet bowl to the sewer pipe, and a source of partial vacuum for establishing a lower pressure in the interior space of the sewer pipe than in the toilet bowl. A nozzle defines a rinse liquid outlet for introducing liquid into the toilet bowl. A container for reagent is in communication with the rinse liquid outlet. Reagent is introduced into the toilet bowl by way of the rinse liquid outlet in timed relationship to introduction of rinse liquid into the toilet bowl.

Abstract: An injection arrangement for an internal combustion engine, especially a diesel engine, for injecting different pressure mediums directly into a cylinder of the engine, which arrangement includes a first valve (3), which is arranged to inject fuel, and a second (4) valve, which is arranged to inject an additional medium, by means of which the content of noxious substances resulting from burning of the fuel can be decreased. Said second valve (4) comprises an elongated valve member (5) movable within a valve body (2) against the force of a spring (12) and in association with the part of which located on the cylinder side there is arranged a chamber (6), which encircles the valve member (5) and into which said additional medium is arranged to be fed continuously under pressure.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a crankshaft for a combustion engine with several cylinders, especially for a large diesel engine, the crankshaft including for each cylinder a crank web unit comprising crank webs transverse with regard to the crankshaft and a crank pin connecting the crank webs. Separate crank web units are assembled one at a time to a uniform shaft blank corresponding to the entire length of the crankshaft and having a different diameter in different points so that the diameter is at its biggest in the central part of the shaft blank and decreases towards the both ends thereof. First a crank web unit intended to the point of the shaft blank with the biggest diameter is installed and fixed to its place and after that crank web units intended always in the order of their diameter to the next biggest points are installed and fixed to both sides thereof. Lastly the portions located between the crank webs of each crank web unit at the position of the crank pin are machined away from the shaft blank.

Abstract: A method for improving the total production of useful energy in an energy utilization system of a thermal power engine (1) that is liquid-cooled and is used for the production of thermal energy as well as mechanical energy. In the energy utilization system, thermal energy is taken from the coolant of the engine cooling system. At least a part of the coolant from the engine is led to a vaporization space (5) where, either by lowering the pressure or by increasing the amount of thermal energy within that space (5), a part of the coolant is transformed to vapor. The vapor is used within the energy utilization system for energy transport and/or as a medium for recovering energy.

Abstract: The invention relates to arrangement for controlling valve timing in a combustion engine, especially in a large diesel engine with several cylinders, in which the control of a valve (11) in a cylinder is carried out through a follower member (3,4), preferably a roll follower, receiving its guidance from a cam race (2a) of a camshaft (2) or the like. There are at least two follower members (3,4) per controlled valve (11), said follower members (3,4) being functionally independent from each other and arranged in cooperation with the same cam race (2a) so that their control effect on the valve (11) is different. Only one follower member (3,4) is at a time in force transmission connection with the valve (11) in the cylinder. In addition the arrangement includes means (7) for selecting the follower member (3,4) to be used in each case so that the control of the valve (11) corresponds as well as possible to the operating conditions of the engine in each case.

Abstract: A motorization unit comprising two internal combustion engines able to run alternately or simultaneously.The two engines (20, 40) each comprise their own cooling circuit (21, respectively 41). These two circuits are each provided with an expansion vessel (26, 46) and are connected to a heat exchanger (30). The purpose of this heat exchanger is to keep the cooling circuit of one of the engines not running, at the right temperature by means of the cooling circuit of the other engine which is running, when the unit is operating in alternate mode.This motorization unit can be adapted to road, rail and aquatic vehicles.

Abstract: An anti-polishing ring (4) to be used in a cylinder (1) of a large diesel engine, which is supported to a cylinder liner (2) for the purpose of removing possible carbon deposit and carbon residue from the upper portion of a piston (3). The anti-polishing ring (4) is provided with an arrangement, by means of which the lower edge (4b) of the anti-polishing ring can be pressed in the radial direction of the cylinder inwards towards the mantle surface of the upper portion of the piston so that the proportion between the diameters of the lower edge (4b) and the upper portion (4a) of the anti-polishing ring is at its minimum while the engine is running.

Abstract: An injection arrangement for injecting a pressure medium, especially fuel, into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, specifically a large diesel engine with several cylinders, comprising at least two injection pump elements (1a,1b) arranged in a common pump body (1) and arranged to inject the pressure medium into the same cylinder during at least one continuous injection period, each pump element (1a,1b) including a pump cylinder (7a,7b), a piston member (8a,8b) reciprocatingly movable therein and a pressure chamber (13,13a,13b). The piston members (8a,8b) receive their control from a cam race (5a,5b) of at least one cam arranged in a camshaft (4) or the like of the engine and the pressure chambers (13,13a,13b,13c) in the pump cylinders (7a,7b) are continuously in connection with each other.