Abstract: A process comprising incorporating into an ink jet printing apparatus a developing composition; an oxidizing composition a coloring composition; and a fixing composition; ejecting droplets of the developing composition onto the substrate; ejecting droplets of the oxidizing composition onto the substrate; ejecting droplets of the coloring composition onto the substrate; and ejecting droplets of the fixing composition onto the substrate; wherein the process results in at least some portions of the substrate bearing images comprising all four compositions, the portions forming a printed image. Specific embodiments are directed to the realization of continuous tone and gray scale in image by control of the time at which color forming reactions are quenched by controlling the lime period between deposition of the color forming liquids and deposition of the fixing liquid; or control of the extent of color forming reactions by limitation of the quantity of one of the color forming liquids.

Abstract: A knowledge management system according to the invention uses print cover sheets to connect users to knowledge relevant both to the user and the communities to which they belong by making use of the declaration of relevance implicit in the print process. The cover sheet becomes an input, output and surrogate document mechanism enabling access to both document repositories and associated knowledge management services, such as for example, document related services and a recommender service.

Abstract: A light weight subject indexing system including a candidate headword identification system for identifying candidate words in the subject line of a document which are not listed in a user modified common word list, a lexical context system for creating lexical context for an identified candidate headword, a ranking system for ranking all the candidate headwords identified for the subject lines of a document or message collection, and selecting among the ranked headwords for inclusion in an index based on that ranking, and an index creation system for listing candidate headwords selected by the ranking system.

Abstract: A color printing/display system includes a representation for approximating color space transformation comprising a set of piecewise homeomorphisms for enhancing accuracy of parametric models associated with the homeomorphisms. The homeomorphisms and parametric models are selectively adjustable in accordance with printer/display calibrating data. Preferably the piecewise sub-spaces comprise corresponding simplices with domain and co-domain color spaces. The simplices are adjusted by calculating new locations for the vertices having a consequence of converging parametric model performance in accordance with the predetermined objective of the system.

Abstract: A printing system alternately provides both literal finishing and abstract finishing to a print job. The printing system includes a user interface for supplying print job information including desired finishing instructions. A finishing element is also provided which applies a finishing operation to a print job, and a processor is in communication with both the user interface and the finishing element. The processor determines compatibility between the finishing element and the desired finishing instruction and upon determining incompatibility, selects a compatible finishing instruction for the finishing element. The compatible finishing instruction may be either a literal finishing operation available on the printing system, or an abstract finishing operation. Abstract finishing operations include insertion of slipsheets and/or marking separators between compilation boundaries of a print job with data including machine-readable code or human-readable code indicative of the desired final finishing operation.

Abstract: An organic electro-luminescent device comprising one or more organic compound layers sandwiched between a pair of electrodes, at least one of which electrodes is transparent or semi-transparent, wherein at least one of the one or more organic compound layers comprises at least one polyurethane compound having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (I). At least one of A and B in general formula (I) represents a divalent group represented by one of the following general formulae (II) to (VI).

Abstract: A method and system for masking a surface to be etched is described. A droplet source ejects droplets of a masking material for deposit on a thin-film or other substrate surface to be etched. The temperature of the thin-film or substrate surface is controlled such that the droplets rapidly freeze upon contact with the thin-film or substrate surface. The thin-film or substrate is then etched. After etching the masking material is removed.

Abstract: A polythiophene wherein the monomer segments thereof contain: wherein A is a side chain; B is hydrogen or a side chain; and D is a divalent segment, and wherein the number of A-substituted thienylene units (I) in the monomer segments is from about 1 to about 10, the number of B-substituted thienylene units (II) is from 0 to about 5, and the number of divalent segments D is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A technique for selective enhancement of black including printing a non-black color at pixel locations identified by a candidate pixel array and which correspond to marked pixels in a predetermined pixel pattern, wherein the candidate pixel array comprises a plurality of N-pixel candidate tiles respectively associated with N-pixel image tiles of a black half-toned bit map, wherein an N-pixel candidate tile includes marked pixels only if the associated N-pixel image tile comprises a portion of a half-toned uniform region and the number of marked pixels in the associated N-pixel image tile is at least a predetermined percentage of N, and wherein the number of marked pixels in some of the N-pixel candidate tiles is less than the number of marked pixels of the associated N-pixel image tile.

Abstract: An apparatus including: (a) a substrate including a deposition region and an optional uncoated region, wherein the deposition region includes a level intermediate region disposed between a first end region and a second end region, wherein the first end region includes a first recessed surface portion that increases the surface area of the first end region, wherein the first recessed surface portion is recessed below the level intermediate region, wherein the surface area of the first end region is greater by at least about 5% than the surface area of a hypothetical level first end region; and (b) a dip coated layer over the entire deposition region.

Abstract: Perspective distortion is estimated in a digital document image by detecting perspective pencils in two directions, one being parallel to text lines, and the other being parallel to the boundaries of formatted text columns. The pencils are detected by analyzing directional statistical characteristics of the image. To detect a pencil, a first statistical line transform is applied to transform the image into line space, and a second statistical score transform is applied to transform the image into pencil space. A dominant peak in pencil space identifies the perspective pencil. In addition, a computationally efficient line summing technique is used for effecting sums of pixels along inclined target lines (or curves) through an image. The technique includes pre-generating partial sums, and summing along step segments of a target line using the partial sums.

Abstract: A sheet transport system with improved sheet contacting thermal uniformity for transporting thermally sensitive imaged print media sheets in a sheet path of a printer, in which multiple sheet feeding rollers are spaced along sheet feeding path, with each said sheet feeding roller having a substantially uniform diameter extending transversely fully across the sheet feeding path for uniform sheet contact, with uniform baffles between the rollers also extending transversely fully across the sheet feeding path, for uniform sheet contact, and with vacuum sheet holddown provided by airflow slots on oppose sides of each sheet feeding roller extending transversely across the sheet feeding path.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for realizing high speed and high efficiency in compression of image data having periodicity. The present invention includes the following: an image input unit to input image signal; a first predictive converter which converts relation between the pixel value of a target pixel in the image signal inputted through the image input part and that of another pixel into a first prediction value; a first encoder which generates intermediate data by encoding the first prediction value output from the first predictive converter; a second predictive converter which converts relation between a target symbol among symbols making up the intermediate data generated by the first encoder and another symbol into a second prediction value; and a second encoder which generates an encoded signal by encoding the second prediction value output from the second predictive converter.

Abstract: A high addressable multibit screening device and method for use in a PDL interpreter environment achieve improved printing resolution and quality. A PDL interpreter receives a PDL document from a host source, which identifies one or more objects that can be fully toned (black) or partially toned (line art or images). Each of these objects can be processed differently. Fully toned objects are processed within the interpreter and directly output in a predetermined output. Partially toned objects are sent to a high addressable screening module within the interpreter for processing prior to outputting in a desired output format. The high addressable screening module screens the partially toned objects to obtain multibit screened data for output.

Abstract: Disclosed is a phase change ink composition comprising an ink vehicle, a colorant, and a nonpolymeric organic gelator selected from the group consisting of anthracene-based compounds, steroid compounds, partially fluorinated high molecular weight alkanes, high molecular weight alkanes with exactly one hetero atom, chiral tartrate compounds, chiral butenolide-based compounds, bis-urea compounds, guanines, barbiturates, oxamide compounds, ureidopyrimidone compounds, and mixtures thereof, said organic gelator being present in the ink in an amount of no more than about 20 percent by weight of the ink, said ink having a melting point at or below which the ink is a solid, said ink having a gel point at or above which the ink is a liquid, and said ink exhibiting a gel state between the melting point and the gel point, said ink exhibiting reversible transitions between the solid state and the gel state upon heating and cooling, said ink exhibiting reversible transitions between the gel state and the liquid state upon

Abstract: An image processing apparatus and a recording medium which can improve the quality of a color document image are provided. An input image is converted into an image having low resolution. A subtractive color image is generated using the converted image having low resolution. From the subtractive color image, adjacent pixels which are allocated to the same representative color are unified so as to extract an FCR (Flat Color Region) candidate region. A region candidate is redetermined using an image having resolution which is higher than the subtractive color image. Next, a boundary of the FCR is detected and an ultimate FCR is determined. Selection of a representative color of the determined FCR is carried out, and a specific color processing which replaces a color which is close to a pure color with the pure color is effected. Finally, image regeneration is carried out by overwriting and drawing (synthesizing) the FCR on the input image.

Abstract: A document editor is designed for editing structured documents. The document editor allows a user to select a linear range within the document and apply editing operations to the range. In this regard, the document editor differs from conventional document editors for structured documents. A user is not constrained to act solely on the underlying syntactic entities of the structured document.

Abstract: A gas decomposer formed from a porous material to decompose a carbon-containing raw material carried on a gas flow and to synthesize a carbon nanotube from the decomposed carbon-containing raw material is provided as a member suitable for use in carbon nanotube manufacture that offers a user a choice of using, or not using, a metal catalyst according to the user's need in vapor phase growth, which allows successive operation and which is therefore fit for mass production. Also provided are carbon nanotube manufacturing apparatus and method which use the gas decomposer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has: a recording head having plural unit recording heads divided in a direction orthogonal to a moving direction of a recording medium; a detecting section detecting at least offset of an image recorded by a vicinity of an end portion, in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the recording medium, of the plural unit recording heads; and a correcting section correcting recording offset of the recording head on the basis of results of detection of the detecting section.

Abstract: To provide a wire excellent in electrical characteristics or in mechanical characteristics. A wire is constructed at least by a carbon nanotube structure layer (1) in which plural carbon nanotubes mutually cross-link to configure a mesh structure on the surface of a substrate (2). A method of manufacturing the wire includes: an applying step of applying to the surface of the substrate (2) a liquid solution containing a carbon nanotube having a functional group; and a step of curing the liquid solution after the application. An electromagnet scarcely causing a loss is formed using the wire.