Abstract: A toner for electrostatic latent image development composed of a core substance containing a colorant and a binder resin and an outer shell, in which the colorant in the core substance is treated with an amino-containing coupling agent and a rosin derivative.

Abstract: A system for generating images having display based computation. The system of the present invention divides the image generation process between the display and a host computer system. The computation element of the display includes rendering mesh comprising a plurality of processing elements. One or more processing elements of the rendering mesh correspond to one or more pixels of the display. The host computer system includes a processing means for generating a rendering mesh map. The rendering mesh map is used to identify processing elements of the rendering mesh which will receive "seed" pixel values. The rendering mesh map is stored in a rendering mesh map buffer. The "seed" pixel values are stored in a frame buffer and represent an original rendering of an image. When the rendering mesh is seeded, pixel values are determined for the "unseeded" processing elements.

Abstract: The apparatus prepares a plurality of documents, each of which potentially having a different portion changed in accordance with simple operations. Portions to be changed are determined automatically or are partly based on the user's instructions. Portions to be changed can be partially extracted and uniquely emphasized. A plurality of outputted documents corresponding to an original document are automatically formed, each outputted document having a selected design preference applied to selected portions.

Abstract: A document database management apparatus is disclosed for managing a database composed of a plurality of documents. The document database management apparatus includes a generating regulation management section for holding a regulation to generate a logical structure of a document in the database from a logical structure of the document to be stored in the database, a document generating section for generating a document in the database from the document to be stored in accordance with the regulation stored in the generating regulation management section, and a document management section for storing a document generated by the document generation section in the database.

Abstract: A pixel block is coded by both of a quadrature transform coding section and a block truncation coding section. A code amount counter determines a first code amount of one-block coded data produced by the quadrature transform coding section. A code amount judgment section compares the first code amount with a threshold that is smaller than or equal to a second code amount of one-block coded data produced by the block truncation coding section, and produces discrimination information indicating a comparison result. A selector selects the coded data that is output from the quadrature transform coding section if the first code amount is smaller than the threshold, and selects the coded data that is output from the block truncation coding section if the first code amount is larger than the threshold. A storage section stores the discrimination information for each pixel block and the coded data that is output from the selector and corresponds to the discrimination information.

Abstract: A controller receives a signal indicating the temperature of a print head from a head temperature detection thermistor. The controller sets a cooling time for the print head based on a time in which the temperature of the print head increase from a first temperature to a second temperature and an environment temperature detected by an environment temperature detection thermistor. When the temperature of the print head exceeds the second temperature due to excessive heat accumulation therein, printing and movement of the print head are suspended for the cooling time immediately after completion of printing of one or a plurality of bands at a position where the print head is located at that time. Thus, the temperature of the print head is decreased.

Abstract: A small-sized high performance fixing device is realized by using a thin cylindrical structure having a structure which prevents loss of contact between inner reinforcing members and the thin cylindrical structure and prevents collapsing in the circumferential direction of the thin cylindrical structure due to wall-thinning, when the thin cylindrical structure receives the external force on the peripheral surface thereof.For a fixing device for heat fixing operated by passing recording papers, on which toner images were transferred, through a pressurizing zone formed by a fixing roller formed of a cylindrical structure having a heater in the inside and a pressure roller, a cylindrical structure which is provided with at least one supporting member forcibly inserted in the thin cylindrical structure and is maintained in the firm contact condition with the inside surface of the cylindrical structure at portions of the outside peripheral surface of the supporting members, is used as the fixing roller.

Abstract: A lead edge lightening circuit which will lighten a scan line based on a seven by seven pixel area surrounding the current pixel. The area is divided into four sub-areas, each of four by four pixels, and each having the current pixel at one corner. Each sub-area is summed and compared to a threshold number. If the threshold number is equalled or exceeded by at least one of the four sums, an overlay bit, which can be white or black, is output. The current pixel is replaced by a white pixel if a white pixel has been output, otherwise the current pixel remains unchanged.

Abstract: A wide array ink jet printhead for use in an ink jet printing device and being capable of propelling ink to create a line on a recording medium in the device. The printhead includes a plurality of adjacent and generally linear printheads each having a first and second end ink jet. A plurality of electrodes are in communication with the ink jets. A microprocessor controls the electrodes to selectively provide a current signal representing digitalized data to the electrodes. When the digitalized signal is intended to create a line on the recording medium more than one printhead wide, the ink jets on adjacent printheads forming the line are initialized from a first end ink jet to a second end ink jet on a first printhead and in a reverse order from a second end ink jet to a first end ink jet on the adjacent printhead, the sequences commencing substantially simultaneously on each printhead.

Abstract: A system is provided for refilling an ink reservoir associated with an ink jet printhead. The printhead is mounted on a movable carriage which, when refill is needed, and in a first embodiment, is automatically moved to a refill station. At the refill station, a refill ink source is brought into sealing engagement with the front nozzle face of the printhead. Ink from a refill container is forced into the printhead nozzles and flows through the nozzle channels back into the reservoir. The refill operation is then enabled by establishing a pressure gradient against the refill ink container forcing it through a pressure regulating drive seal, or a filter, into the nozzles. Alternatively, a vacuum is established through a vent tube connecting into the cartridge reservoir creating a negative differential at the vent hole and causing the ink from the refill container to pass through the nozzles into the supply reservoir.

Abstract: A text editor device provides for the automatic selection and execution corresponding to differences in the output form of text for emphasizing places of emphasis within the text, without the receipt of any indication from the user. The user calls out from the text data holding component data from the text which is the object of editing. While referring to text picture images corresponding to the text data through the text picture image display, input indication of locations requiring desired emphasis in the type of text output is made through the user input indication component. If emphasis input indication and output type input indication has been provided by the user, then from among the conversion rule group held in the conversion rule holding component, a conversion rule is called out corresponding to the output type indicated by the user.

Abstract: A system tracks human head and facial features over time by analyzing a sequence of images. The system provides descriptions of motion of both head and facial features between two image frames. These descriptions of motion are further analyzed by the system to recognize facial movement and expression. The system analyzes motion between two images using parameterized models of image motion. Initially, a first image in a sequence of images is segmented into a face region and a plurality of facial feature regions. A planar model is used to recover motion parameters that estimate motion between the segmented face region in the first image and a second image in the sequence of images. The second image is warped or shifted back towards the first image using the estimated motion parameters of the planar model, in order to model the facial features relative to the first image.

Abstract: An image forming device detects a standard pattern transferred to a transfer belt by an image carrier. The standard pattern is transferred onto the transfer belt at an image transfer position and detected at a standard pattern detection position. The distance between the image transfer position and the standard pattern detection position is a non-integer-multiple of the distance which the transfer belt is moved by one rotation of the image belt drive roll.

Abstract: A user interface technique operates in the environment of a processor-controlled machine for executing a program that operates on a set of underlying data and displays a visible representation thereof. The user simultaneously and independently moves the tools with one hand, normally the non-dominant hand (e.g., a right-handed user's left hand) and operates on the visible representation with the other, normally the dominant hand. In a specific implementation, the input devices include a trackball for positioning the tools and a mouse for positioning a cursor and initiating actions.

Abstract: A universal halftone image unscreening method includes: 1) decomposing the halftone image into a plurality of subband image levels, where each subband image level includes a plurality of subband images; 2) selectively filtering the plurality of subband images of each subband image level; and 3) recomposing the plurality of filtered subband images into a continuous tone image. The continuous tone image can then be further filtered to enhance its appearance. The subband images are preferably formed using the discrete wavelet transform, but can be formed using any known transform. The subband images are selectively filtered using a non-edge areas noise attenuating filter and a plurality of oriented filters. The halftone image is preferably decomposed using an N-stage halftone image decomposer, wherein each of the N decomposer stages comprises a set of low-pass and high-pass filters.

Abstract: In a computer controlled display system capable of supporting free form graphical input, techniques for maintaining the topology of a node-link structure when nodes are moved. When a node is moved, arbitrarily shaped links to other nodes will automatically be reshaped. The manner in which the link reshapes will depend on where a node is moved relative to the node to which it is linked. Various techniques for reshaping the node in order to retain the node-link structure topology are provided. A link may be reshaped by curve transformation or flipping the link shape about an axis. Curve transformation is a technique wherein the shape characteristics of a link are retained no matter where the node is moved. However, links that intersect, i.e. pass through, the nodes may arise from such reshaping.

Abstract: A developing apparatus comprises: a developer support being disposed in the proximity of or in contact with an image support having a surface on which an electrostatic latent image is formed, the developer support having a peripheral surface supported turnably; and a developing bias power supply for supplying a developing bias voltage between the developer support and the image support, wherein a dual component developer including toner and magnetic carriers is supported on the peripheral surface of the developer support to be transported, and the toner is transferred to the image support in an electric field formed at a position where the image support faces the developer support for forming a toner image, and the developer support has a plurality of magnetic poles for attracting almost one layer of the carriers on the peripheral surface of the developer support almost uniformly.

Abstract: To enable automatic recovery even of data areas that are referenced from other areas when conducting garbage collection. This memory managing method makes it possible to designate locations in which pointers are contained when securing data areas. Data areas that are referenced from locations that are designated as pointers are not recovered. Rather, data areas that are referenced from locations that are not designated as pointers are recovered when not referenced as pointers from other areas. In addition, the address of a procedure that is called with the address of the data area as a parameter is recorded when this data area is recovered in correspondence with each data area that is the target of management. When it is determined that there are no references to the data area that is the object of management, the procedure that corresponds to that data area is called with the address of that data area as a parameter and following that the data area is recovered.

Abstract: An image processing system with a buffer memory for use in a facsimile device. An image processing apparatus comprising an image read unit for operating continuously to read an image on an original document, a buffer memory for temporarily storing image data of the image on the original that is read by the image read unit, a compressing unit for compressing the image data stored in the buffer memory into code data, and a buffer memory controller for controlling the operation of writing the image data into the buffer memory and the operation of reading the image data from the buffer memory. The image data processing device with buffer memory, which can continuously operate an image input terminal and/or an image output terminal, using a buffer memory which has a less number of the memory elements than a page memory.

Abstract: A drawing system includes a placeable point storage unit for storing identifiers for uniquely identifying a plurality of placeable points and positions of the placeable points on a two-dimensional plane in a one-to-one correspondence therebetween, an element storage unit for storing element attribute information containing information representing element colors and the identifiers of the placeable points as position attributes, a position rule storage unit for storing position rules for determining the positions of the placeable points on the two-dimensional plane, a position rule selection unit for selecting one of the position rules, a placement change unit for changing the positions of the placeable points on the two-dimensional plane stored in the placeable point storage unit based on the selected position rule, a color arrangement change unit for determining the colors of the drawing elements based on the positional relationship of the placeable points after their positions are changed by the placement