Abstract: A modulator circuit for use in driving a laser in an electrophotographic laser printer starts with a standard, inexpensive low-frequency pixel clock for timing the modulation of the laser to form an image, and effectively doubles the modulation frequency, thereby allowing spatial resolution to be doubled in the fast-scan direction. An original, low-frequency pixel clock is split, one of the split signals is delayed by a predetermined amount, and the original and delayed pixel clocks are applied to an exclusive OR gate. The modulator of the present invention functions without either a high-frequency original pixel clock or a phase-locked loop.

Abstract: An optical scanning device having a scanning speed which can be used in a laser beam printer, a digital copier, a facsimile apparatus or the like, an optical scanning method using the optical scanning device, and an image forming apparatus using the optical scanning device are disclosed. The optical scanning device comprising: a light source for emitting a laser beam having a constant divergent angle; a thin film waveguide; means for coupling the laser beam to said thin film waveguide; and a comb-like electrode for exciting a surface acoustic wave of a high frequency sweep signal so that the laser beam is deflected to be output as parallel rays.

Abstract: Full color, two-pass imaging process using black, magenta, cyan and yellow toners and Non-Interactive Development (NID) without fringe field development. A switchable wavelength flood lamp structure is provided for producing blue and red light. One wavelength is used during the first pass of a photoreceptor through various processing stations for revealing an imagewise voltage for development with magenta toner using an NID system. The other wavelength is used during a second pass of the photoreceptor for revealing another imagewise voltage to be developed with magenta toner.

Abstract: An image forming method using an image forming apparatus, the apparatus including: a rotary image carrier, and a rotary intermediate transfer medium arranged in pressure-contact with the image carrier, wherein at least one of the image carrier or the intermediate transfer medium is a belt-shape rotary body which is looped over a group of rolls and can circulate with at least one of the rolls as a drive transmission roll, and the peripheral length of the belt-shape rotary body is m (m: integer)-times as long as the peripheral length of the drive transmission roll, the method including the steps of: a toner image forming step of rotating the image carrier at a constant peripheral speed to form the toner image successively for each color component on the image carrier; a toner image intermediate transfer step of rotating the intermediate transfer medium at a constant peripheral speed different from the constant peripheral speed of the image carrier, on condition that one revolution time of the intermediate trans

Abstract: An ink-jet printhead in which an orifice for the passage of ink therethrough toward a preselected location on the sheet is shared by two ejectors. Each ejector is capable of emitting ink of a preselected quantity through the orifice. The ejectors may be activated substantially simultaneously, to cause ink of a combined quantity to be emitted through the orifice.

Abstract: There is disclosed an assembly for selectively coating a hollow, cylindrical first substrate defining a first open end region having an outer surface and an inner surface and a second open end region, the assembly including a first plug member fabricated from a nonwetting material, wherein the plug member has a bottom surface defining a pallet coupling feature and a top surface defining a cavity region encompassed by a circumferentially extending rigid side wall having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the first end region of the substrate is disposed in the cavity region where the inner surface of the side wall grips the outer surface of the first end region of the substrate to couple the first plug member to the first end region, whereby the plug member minimizes coating of the outer surface and the inner surface of the first end region of the substrate by a coating solution.

Abstract: An image detection and pixel processing system includes a plurality of detector elements for receiving an image. The detector elements are subdivided into a plurality of macrodetectors, with each macrodetector constituting four or more detector elements, and with each macrodetector providing information for determining both a total light intensity value within the macrodetector and a centroid of light intensity indicative of light intensity position within the macrodetector. An image processing assembly receives information from the plurality of macrodetectors, with the image processing assembly relating a pixel and its encompassed subpixel area to each corresponding macrodetector, and further determining the total light intensity within the pixel and the centroid of light intensity within the subpixel. The image processing assembly is capable of rendering each subpixel area as an edge when magnitude of the centroid of light intensity is greater than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A method for generating watermarks in a digitally reproducible document which are substantially invisible when viewed including the steps of: (1) producing a first screen pattern suitable for reproducing a gray image on a document; (2) deriving at least one conjugate screen description that is related to said first pattern; (3) producing an image containing the first screen; (4) producing a second image containing the first and the second screens in combination, whereby upon placing the first and second images in a superposed relationship autocorrelation between the first pattern on each document occurs everywhere within the documents where the first screen is used, and conjugate correlation occurs where the first and second screens occur and the image placed therein using the conjugate screens becomes detectable (e.g., visible) due to the high contrast between the autocorrelated and conjugately correlated regions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises an aqueous liquid vehicle, a pigment, and a vesicle-forming lipid, wherein vesicles of the lipid are present in the ink.

Abstract: A printing system for rendering marks on a recording medium receives a multi-level grey scale pixel value representing a pixel having a first resolution. A screening circuit generates a screened multi-level grey scale pixel value equal to (G.sub.L -V.sub.i)+(S.sub.i -Th)*Dmp.sub.vi *Mod.sub.Eff wherein G.sub.L is the maximum grey level value of the pixel, V.sub.i is equal to the multi-level grey scale pixel value of the first resolution, S.sub.i is equal to a screen value corresponding to a position of the pixel, Th is the threshold value, Dmp.sub.vi is a video dependent dampening factor, and Mod.sub.Eff is a modulation multiplication factor. An interpolator converts the screened multi-level grey scale pixel value to a second resolution, the second resolution being higher than the first resolution, and a binarization circuit binarizes the converted multi-level grey scale pixel value so as to output a binary signal and an error value, the error value having a resolution equal to the first resolution.

Abstract: An ink composition comprised of (a) water, and a dye containing sulfonated component of the following formula ##STR1## wherein R is m(H) and O(SO.sub.3 --Y.sup.+), wherein H is hydrogen, Y is an alkali cation or an alkaline earth cation, m is the mol fraction of hydrogen, and O is the mol fraction of sulfonate (SO.sub.3 --Y.sup.+); X is a glycol, and n represents the number of repeating segments.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for reducing accumulation of toner from the surface of an electrode member in a development unit of an electrostatographic printing apparatus by providing an organic coating on at least a portion of the electrode member.

Abstract: A mechanism for selectively positioning a plurality of components in a printing machine is provided. The mechanism includes a lever for controlling the mechanism, a first linkage operably connecting the lever to a first component, and a second linkage operably connecting the lever to a second component, so as to simultaneously reposition the first component and the second component by actuating the lever.

Abstract: A DMA control device for generating an address value to a ring buffer according to the present invention is provided with an address generation circuit for generating address signals to the ring buffer sequentially by providing an initial value with an address value within a range where the ring buffer is set, and a corrected address generation circuit for initializing the address generation circuit by use of a value obtained by subtracting the total number of addresses of the ring buffer from an address value of the address signals generated from the address generation circuit when the address value of the address signals exceeds a final address of the ring buffer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for cleaning an ink jet printhead following a print operation. A housing assembly which includes the printhead is clamped into a fixed position, and a vacuum source is applied to the printhead nozzle face via a resilient sealing cap member. The printhead manifold is connected to a cleaning assembly which circulates a cleaning mixture comprising a cleaning liquid, such as water, and a gas, such as nitrogen, into the printhead manifold. This water and gas mixture is forced through the interior channels of the printhead and out the nozzles carrying ink and particulate matter into a waste receptacle. The flushing procedure continues until all ink is removed from the printhead. The cleaning operation is completely automated resulting in an effective and thorough cleaning operation. Optionally, a second vacuum is brought into close contact with the printhead nozzle face following the cleansing step to remove residual ink from the nozzle face.

Abstract: A system for converting RGB color signals to CMY or CMYK color signals, such as to operate a color printing apparatus, utilizes three separate electronic look-up tables. Each look-up table allows inputs of RGB signals, which are applied to a three-dimensional space. Each point in the space represents an output for one CMY color signal, and each look-up table is dedicated to one CMY color output. Each look-up table emphasizes one particular RGB color, by providing a higher resolution of inputs along the axis for that color.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for document clustering-based browsing of a corpus of documents, and more particularly to the use of overlapping clusters to improve recall. The present invention is directed to improving the performance of information access methods and apparatus through the use of non-disjoint (overlapped) clustering operations. The present invention is further described in terms of two possible methods for expanding document clusters so as to achieve the overlap, and a method for increasing precision through the use of the overlapped clusters.

Abstract: A sheet S is supported by a movable cylindrical transfer drum 12 and a toner image is transferred from a photosensitive drum 9 onto the sheet S in this state. The sheet S is curved by curl rolls 29, 30 of a conveyer unit 20 so that it is curved outward in harmony with the direction of the transfer drum 12 and that its curvature radius is smaller than that of the transfer drum 12. Then the sheet S is conveyed toward the transfer drum 12. A guide plate 40 is placed between the curl rolls 29, 30 and the transfer drum 12 and the leading end portion of the sheet S conveyed from the curl rolls 29, 30 abuts and slides on the guide face 42 of the guide plate 40. Thus, a moment is given to the following portion of the sheet S held between the curl rolls 29, 30 and the curvature radius of the following portion thereof is corrected so that the curvature radius of the following portion thereof may be increased.

Abstract: A computerized method of ordering document clusters for presentation after browsing a corpus of documents that presents document clusters in a logical fashion in the absence of any indication of the computer user's interests. The method begins by grouping the corpus into a plurality of clusters, each having a centroid and including at least one document. Next, for each cluster a degree of similarity between that cluster and every other cluster is by finding a dot product between each cluster centroid and every other cluster centroid. The similarity information is then used to determine an order of presentation for the plurality of in a way that maximizes the degree of similarity between adjacent clusters.