Abstract: A composition of matter useful in the production of photoinitiator compositions, said compositions of matter comprising 100 parts by weight of camphorquinone and from 1 to 50 parts by weight of an anthraquinone compound having in the 2-position a substituent of the formula:--X--COR.sup.1 (1)wherein R.sup.1 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl radical and X represents ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl radical.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, Q.sup.3, Q.sup.4, and Q.sup.5 have any of the meanings given in the specification, their N-oxides, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are nonpeptide antagonists of SP and NKA are useful for the treatment of asthma, etc. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing the compounds of formula I and intermediates.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound of formula IIa or IIb: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently represent hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; andA is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system; the process comprising the steps of:(a) reacting a racemic mixture of a compound of formula II: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and A are as defined for formulae IIa and IIb; with a sterically hindered chiral esterifying agent to form enantiomers of formulae IIIa and IIIb: ##STR3## wherein R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and A are as defined for formulae IIa and IIb and R.sup.15 is a chiral sterically hindered residue;b) separating the diastereoisomers of formulae IIIa and IIIb; and(c) converting the diastereoisomers of formulae IIIa and IIIb separately to compounds of formulae IIa and IIb respectively by acid or base hydrolysis. If required, the unwanted enantiomer of formula IIa or IIb may be inverted to give the preferred isomer.

Abstract: Herbicidal 4-cycloalkyl-5-substituted pyrimidine compounds of the formula ##STR1## are described. Herbicidal compositions containing such substituted-pyrimidinyl compounds and methods of controlling undesirable vegetation employing these compounds are also disclosed. The compounds in which XR, is hydroxyl are also useful as intermediates for producing the disclosed substituted-pyrimidinyl derivatives.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an N-(alkylsulphonyl)amide, the process comprising reacting a primary amide with a sulphonyl halide in the presence of a base which is sufficiently strong to cause at least partial deprotonation of the amide.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, Q.sup.3, and Q.sup.4 have any of the meanings given in the specification, their N-oxides, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are nonpeptide antagonists of neurokinin A and useful for the treatment of asthma, etc. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing the compounds of formula I and intermediates.

Abstract: A compound having the formula R--S(O).sub.n CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CF.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: ##STR1## where n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5; X is halogen, nitro or cyano, or C.sub.1-10 hydrocarbyl or C.sub.1-10 hydrocarbyloxy, either of which may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms;Y is CH.sub.2, O or S; andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 alkynyl or halogen;Processes for the preparation of compounds of formula I, herbicidal compositions and methods utilising them are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an oxirane, aziridine or cyclopropane of formula (I) wherein, X is oxygen, NR.sup.4 or CHR.sup.5 ; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, heteroaromatic, heterocyclic or cycloalkyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, heteroaromatic, CO.sub.2 R.sup.8, CHR.sup.14 NHR.sup.13, heterocyclic or cycloalkyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 join together to form a cycloalkyl ring; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, heteroaromatic, CO.sub.2 R.sup.8, R.sup.8.sub.3 Sn, CONR.sup.8 R.sup.9 or trimethylsilyl; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are, independently, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaromatic, SO.sub.2 R.sup.8, SO.sub.3 R.sup.8, COR.sup.8, CO.sub.2 R.sup.8, CONR.sup.8 R.sup.9 or CN, or R.sup.4 can also be P(O)(aryl).sub.2 ; R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are independently alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl; R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; the process comprising reacting a mixture of a compound of formula (II), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and X are as defined above, and a sulphide of formula SR.sup.6 R.

Abstract: A process for the coloration of a substrate, especially a textile, comprising the steps of:(a) applying to the substrate a mixture comprising an aqueous solvent and a water-soluble dye comprising molecules which contain a nucleophilic group and an electrophilic group; and(b) heating or basifying or heating and basifying the dye thereby causing molecules of the dye to join together.Also claimed are dyes, polymers and oligomers.

Abstract: Antimicrobial treatment of textile material with an oligomeric or polymeric biguanide and a strong organic acid having a pK value below 4.5. Acid protects treated material against yellowing the presence of chlorine bleaches and loss of antimicrobial activity on laundering. The preferred biguanide is poly(hexamethylene biguanide) hydrochloride.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein X.sup.a, X.sup.b, R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have any of the meanings given in the specification, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful as potassium channel openers for the treatment of urinary incontinence. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing the compounds of formula I and intermediates.

Abstract: A dispersant comprising a polyethyleneimine residue carrying polyester chains derived from a caprolactone and at least one other specified lactone or hydroxycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: A synergistic herbicidal composition comprising atrazine and either NMSC (i.e., 2-(2'-nitro-4'-methylsulfonylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione), or NMSOC (i.e., 2-(2'-nitro-4'-methylsulfonyloxybenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione): ##STR1## Also disclosed is a method of controlling undesirable vegetation by applying an effective amount of such composition to the locus of the vegetation to be controlled.

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions containing substituted pyrazole compounds and derivatives thereof of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Y is O or S and Z is a carbon-carbon single bond, O, S, C.dbd.O or C.dbd.N. Methods of controlling undesirable vegetation using these compounds and derivatives are also disclosed. Herbicidal compounds wherein Z is a carbon-carbon single bond, S, C.dbd.O or C.dbd.N are also described.

Abstract: A thermal transfer sheet comprising a substrate having a coating comprising a dye of Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: Y is --H, alkyl, alkoxy, --NHCOalkyl, NHCOaryl, --NHSO.sub.2 alkyl or --NHSO.sub.2 aryl;Ring A is unsubstituted apart from the --N.dbd.N--, --Y and --N< groups or may be substituted by from 1 to 3 substituent groups;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently is alkyl;R.sup.3 is --H, alkyl, aryl, --SO.sub.2 alkyl, --Salkyl, --Saryl, halogen, pyridyl or R.sup.6 O(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- in which R.sup.6 is alkyl, acyl, aryl and n is from 1 to 10;R.sup.4 is --CN, --NO.sub.2, --SCN or --COOalkyl; andR.sup.5 is a group of Formula (2): ##STR2## in which: Z is --H, alkyl, alkoxy, --NHCOalkyl, --NHCOaryl, --NHSO.sub.2 alkyl or --NHSO.sub.2 aryl;Ring B is unsubstituted apart from the --N.dbd.N--, --Z and --N< groups or may be substituted by from 1 to 3 substituent groups;R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each independently is --H or alkyl;R.sup.9 independently is any of the groups defined for R.sup.4 ;R.sup.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and A-B have any of the meanings given in the specification, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful in the treatment of urinery incontinence. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing the compounds of formula I and intermediates.

Abstract: A polyester composition comprises at least one first semi-crystalline or crystallizable polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA-X) and at least one second polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA-Y) in semi-crystalline or crystalline form and having a higher crystalline melting point than said PHA-X. The PHA-Y is prepared by an annealing treatment in which the crystalline melting point is raised preferably by at least 5.degree. C. compared to the PHA-X and preferably by at least 3.degree. C. compared to the PHA-Y prior to the annealing treatment. The PHA-X and PHA-Y are preferably selected from polyhydroxybutyrate and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate.

Abstract: A composition comprising water and the following components:(a) an epoxy compound comprising at least one epoxy group and at least one hydrolysable silyl group; and(b) a hydroxy functional polymer having carboxy and/or sulpho groups.The compositions are generally water-based and may be used for making films and coatings having good mechanical and physical properties.

Abstract: Quinuclidine derivatives of formula, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, in which: R.sup.1 is hydrogen or hydroxy; R.sup.2 is hydrogen; pr R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are joined together so that CR.sup.1 -CR.sup.2 is a double bond; X is selected from --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--, --C.dbd.C--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 NH--, NHCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CO--, --COCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 S(O).sub.n -- and --S(O).sub.n CH.sub.2 -- wherein n is 0, 1 or 2; and AR is phenyl which may be optionally unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents such as halogeno, hydroxy, amino, nitro, cyano, carboxy, carbamoyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, N-alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-alkylcarbamoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkythio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, halogeno alkyl, alkanoylamino, alkylenedioxy, alkanoyl and oxime derivatives thereof and O-alkyl ethers of said oximes; provided that when X is selected from --OCH.sub.2 --, --NHCH.sub.2 --, and SCH.sub.2 --, R.sup.