Abstract: Chemical oxygen generator cells, for insertion in push pin controlled dispensers and having a conventional steel can housing containing a chlorate candle and a water activated ignition material to start burning of the candle, are provided with a water containing fracturable sealed glass ampoule, capsule, or vial in contact with the ignition material and are protected against inadvertent fracture by an overlying shock cap with a spring diaphragm wall adapted to be depressed by the push pin of the dispenser to crush the glass and release the water to the ignition material. The diaphragm wall acts with a snap action from its overlying protecting position when its center is deflected by the dispenser pin to crush the glass thereby insuring the release of the water to the ignition material only when the dispenser pin is depressed and at all other times protecting the glass against fracture as when the can is dropped or impacted or even dented.

Abstract: A continuous process for removing nitrates from nitrate containing aqueous solutions having a pH of about 0-7, which comprises: (1) extracting the nitrate containing aqueous solution with an organic amine salt dissolved in an organic solvent phase whereby the nitrate ion goes into the organic solvent, (2) separating the organic phase, (3) stripping the organic extraction solvent phase from the extraction with a stripping salt solution of pH at least 0.

Abstract: An analytic test device of a one time use type formed by concentrically disposed tube and sleeve members. A test reagent is present in the annular region between tube and sleeve. A liquid sample placed inside the tube is unable to enter the reagent containing annular region until relative movement between tube and sleeve opens a passage for sample flow into the annular region and contact with the test reagent.The test device is particularly adapted to testing urine samples.

Abstract: An improved material fluidizing apparatus having a series of communicating reaction chambers separated by a concavo-concave foraminous member having a plurality of spaced frusto-conical openings through which a mixture of gases and solids can flow. This apparatus is useful for sustaining fluidization in a recirculating flooded dense bed, particularly under conditions of high temperature.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for forming, by the Czochralski technique, single semiconductor crystals having essentially uniform diameters throughout their lengths. The apparatus includes means to monitor and control crystal diameter which takes advantage of the fact that the melt volume from which the crystal is pulled and the dielectric crucible containing the melt volume can be incorporated in a crucible assembly circuit in which the resistance varies with the melt volume level in the crucible. Determination of the difference between the measured resistance in the crucible assembly circuit and a programmed reference resistance produces a signal which is used to control one of two operational parameters--the rate at which the crystal is pulled or the temperature of the melt volume--to produce a uniform-diameter crystal.

Abstract: Sulphur dioxide is reacted with silver nitrite at room temperature to release nitrogen dioxide in a known ratio and the nitrogen dioxide may, then, be measured as an indication of the presence and amount of sulphur dioxide.

Abstract: Quantitative analytical method for the isolation and determination of 3-isothiazolones in aqueous or nonaqueous media. The method involves isolating the isothiazolone by adsorbing it on a support; treating the isothiazolone with a reducing agent thereby cleaving the ring; reacting the resulting sulfhydryl group with a color forming reagent whose color development is directly proportional to the concentration of the isothiazolone and measuring the isothiazolone concentration via a calibrated color comparator or colorimeter.

Abstract: A mixture of ferrous sulphate and alkali metal acid sulphate used in a reducer employed for converting NO.sub.2 to NO in an apparatus for determining the nitrogen oxide content of air by means of the measurement of the reaction of ozone and NO.

Abstract: An emissions control system for eliminating or substantially reducing the levels of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and other noxious components in the exhaust gas flow from the internal combustion engine of an automotive vehicle or the like to permissible levels. The system includes a reaction device adapted to be connected to the exhaust gas flow from the engine and having one or more ceramic reaction elements therein which cause the undesirable components in the exhaust gas flow to oxidize, disassociate or otherwise become innocuous before being discharged into the atmosphere. An engine driven air pump supplies air under pressure to the reaction device, and a spark plug is mounted in the device and connected to a suitable high voltage source so that a spark is maintained across the electrodes of the spark plug when the engine of the vehicle is either cold or idling, or when the vehicle is decelerating.

Abstract: A method and a device for vapor growing crystals. The crystals are grown in an evacuated ampoule from a liquified sample source material, such that the source material is separated from the growing crystal by one or more capillaries or the like which provide the only pathway between the sample source and the growing crystal. There is a temperature gradient between the sample source and the growing crystal such that the growing crystal is at a lower temperature than the sample source.

Abstract: A device for loading catalyst particles into a reaction zone which distributes said particles, at substantially the same rate, uniformly across the catalyst bed area of said zone. The catalyst particle loading device is employed in combination with a catalytic reaction zone. The catalyst particle loading device comprises a hopper having a conical bottom portion provided with an opening at its lower end. The opening is in communication with a catalytic reaction zone. A vertically movable hollow sleeve is coaxially disposed within the hopper. The sleeve has a lower conical end portion which forms with the conical bottom portion of the hopper a throttle valve for the opening. A rotary shaft is coaxially disposed within the sleeve and extends through the opening at the lower end of the hopper and into the upper portion of the reaction zone. A particle-dispersion wheel is attached to the lower end of the shaft below the opening.

Abstract: Containers such as laboratory glassware are stabilized in their upright resting position by means of a split torus; e.g., a high density rod, preferably of essentially circular cross-section, bent into a substantially, but incompletely closed loop.

Abstract: An improved catalytic converter and gas purification method for the exhaust gases of an automotive engine is disclosed, the converter including a plurality of honeycomb type catalyst carrier elements, annular spacer members and cushioning rings mounted in compressed sandwich fashion within a cylindrical casing section so that the only rigid connection is between the ends of the assembled sandwich and the casing, the length of the catalyst carrier elements being such that the gases flowing through the passages of each element when the engine is at fast idle will contact the catalyst deposited thereon substantially throughout before changing from its initial turbulent condition to a fully developed laminar condition and the length of the spaces between elements being such as to insure that the flow entering each element is turbulent.

Abstract: Evaporite minerals comprising mixtures of relatively coarse salts are treated in a manner such that certain of said salts are converted by recrystallization to very finely divided form and then separated from the coarse salts by size classification such as elutriation, the treatment being especially useful in a process for the recovery of potassium sulfate from marine evaporite mixtures such as kainite and halite.

Abstract: Apparatus for catalytic processes such as desulfurization of hydrocarbons comprises an upright reactor vessel containing at least one tray and catalytic support means for one or more catalyst beds; said support means, being permeable to fluids and impermeable to catalyst particles, are attached to the inner wall of the reactor vessel and are at least partly in the shape of a conical surface of a truncated cone converging downwardly to an aperture permeable to catalyst particles; located beneath each supporting means is a fluid permeable tray which is impermeable to catalyst particles and having an aperture permeable to catalyst particles. A method for loading said apparatus with catalyst by means of a carrier oil is also disclosed.

Abstract: The qualitative and quantitative analysis of nitrogen-containing compounds is accomplished by contacting in the presence of an acid a sample containing such a compound with an aromatic hydrocarbon, thereby converting the compound to a stable nitrogen-containing aromatic hydrocarbon. The sample now containing the nitrated aromatic hydrocarbon is then introduced in a carrier gas stream into a chromatographic column. The effluent stream from the column is passed through a gas chromatography detector, and the detector signal response obtained is compared with that produced by known amounts of a reference calibration sample.

Abstract: Means for reclamation of helium from diving apparatus comprise a bell conduit coupled to the discharge valve of a diving bell, a first receiver coupled to the conduit and arranged to receive gas from the bell, a second receiver coupled through a regulating valve to the first receiver, the regulating valve being arranged to close upon increase of pressure in the second receiver, a compressor and a storage tank (or bank of storage tanks), and further conduits interconnecting the second receiver, compressor and storage tanks for gas flow therebetween.

Abstract: A sample injecting device for a gas analyzer for injecting solvent-free, non-gaseous samples automatically or manually into the gas analyzer carrier gas, which device essentially comprises a vessel tightly connected to a furnace producing the vaporization or reaction temperature, which vessel is filled with said carrier gas and wherein a higher pressure prevails than in the furnace, a cassette located in the vessel, and exchangeable sample tubes located in the cassette, and means for moving the sample tubes automatically or manually, one at a time and at an adjustable velocity, into said furnace, wherein said carrier gas flushes the sample out from the sample tube, which means thereafter withdraws the sample tube into the cassette.

Abstract: Apparatus for conducting a continuous, pressurized liquid-state reaction while maintaining internal recycle. The apparatus has a perforated barrier plate which separates a reaction zone from a reboiler zone and has a by-pass conduit which connects these two zones. Control devices maintain the liquid levels in the reaction and reboiler zones. A heater in the reboiler zone evolves vapors in that zone, which vapors return to the reaction zone through the perforated barrier plate.

Abstract: An annular crucible for containing molten, inorganic crystalline material in an apparatus for growing a plurality of substantially monocrystalline articles including a plurality of spaced forming members disposed in a ring-like arrangement within the crucible, and a pair of annular resistance heating elements concentric with the annular crucible, one element proximate the crucible inner wall and one element proximate the crucible outer wall. In combination with the annular crucible, a thin, ring-shaped resistance heating element substantially conforming in outside and inside diameters to those of the crucible and being disposed at a predetermined distance above the crucible, the ring element having apertures for passing the monocrystalline articles and having means for an independently controllable heat output.