Abstract: A method for making a support impregnated Ziegler-Natta-type catalyst precursor including at least two transition metals and a support material wherein the resulting catalyst precursor is free-flowing is provided. Also provided is a process for producing a Ziegler-Natta type procatalyst by halogenating the free flowing catalyst precursor. The Ziegler-Natta type procatalyst and the reaction product of at least one monomer in the presence of the Ziegler-Natta type procatalyst and cocatalyst are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process, novel process steps and novel intermediates useful in the synthesis of pharmaceutically active compounds, in particular neutral endopeptidase (NEP) inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for obtaining inulin which comprises: a) finely comminuting inulin-containing plant material, wherein particle sizes of the plant material are generated which are smaller than the size of the inulin-containing plant cells, b) suspending the finely comminuted plant material in a liquid, wherein inulin is released from the plant material and suspended in particulate form in the liquid, c) separating off plant particles from the liquid, wherein the inulin which is suspended in particulate form remains in the liquid, d) separating off the inulin which is suspended in particulate form from the liquid. The method is suitable in particular for obtaining inulin from artichoke roots.

Abstract: A carbohydrate-containing feedstock is converted in a process by contacting the feedstock in a first step with an alcohol in the presence of a first acid catalyst at a temperature below 100° C. to yield an intermediate product, and contacting at least part of the intermediate product in a second step with an alcohol in the presence of a second acid catalyst at a temperature of at least 100° C. Products of such conversion may include hydroxymethylfurfural, hydroxymethylfurfural ethers, levulinic acid, esters thereof and furfural.

Abstract: A process for producing acetic acid by: a reaction step for continuously allowing methanol to react with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a metal catalyst, an ionic iodide, and methyl iodide in a carbonylation reactor, a flash distillation step for continuously feeding a flasher with a reaction mixture from the reactor and evaporating a volatile component at least containing product acetic acid, methyl acetate, and methyl iodide by flash distillation to separate the volatile component and a liquid catalyst mixture at least containing the metal catalyst and the ionic iodide, and an acetic acid collection step for separating a stream containing acetic acid from the volatile component to collect acetic acid; wherein, in the flash distillation step, the flash distillation is conducted under the condition that the concentration of methyl acetate in the liquid catalyst mixture is not less than 0.6% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aminopyrazole compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, that inhibits Chk1 and is useful in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Methods of evaluating heparin preparations, e.g., for suitability for use as a drug or for use in making a drug, by determining the absence, presence or amount of a structural signature, wherein, e.g., the structural signature is indicative of the methods used to make the heparin preparation.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions including D-tagatose along with a stilbene or stilbenoid component, or a salt or derivative thereof. Methods of prophylaxis and therapy by administering to a mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of D-tagatose, optionally in combination with a stilbene or stilbenoid component, or a salt or derivative thereof to prevent or treat atherosclerosis, the metabolic syndrome, obesity, or diabetes.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis in a woman, which involves determining an amount of each of more than one BV-associated bacterium in a vaginal sample obtained from the female and assessing a BV status of the female based on the amount of each of the more than one BV-associated bacterium in the sample.

Abstract: A method of preparing a compound of formula (I): wherein: a first group selected from R1, R2 and R3 is an amino- or N-acylamino monosaccharide moiety, the acyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an oligosaccharide chain comprising 2 to 4 monosaccharide moieties, at least one of which is an amino- or N-acylamino monosaccharide moiety; a second group selected from R1, R2 and R3 is a alkanoyl and alkenoyl acyl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms; and a third group selected from R1, R2 and R3 is hydrogen, the method comprising contacting a monoacylglycerol, the acyl moiety thereof being a saturated or unsaturated acyl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, or an activated derivative thereof, with a source of amino- or N-acylamino monosaccharide moiety, or an activated derivative thereof, and, if required, a source of unsubstituted monosaccharide moiety, or an activated derivative thereof, optionally in the presence of a suitable catalyst or activating agent, is described.

Abstract: The present invention is related to compositions which can undergo targeted degradation under certain physiological reducing conditions. The compositions may, for example, be hydrogels in which maleimide-functionalized low molecular weight heparin is cross-linked with various thiol-functionalized polyethylene glycol multi-arm star polymers. Both the gelation and degradation of the hydrogels can be modified by careful selection of the thiol. For example, hydrogels prepared from aryl thiol-maleimide adducts can undergo a retro Michael addition-type reaction, leading to degradation of the composition and release of the bioactive molecule.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing 4-amino-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid involves reacting diethyl oxalate with sodium ethoxide in ethanol to form a reaction mixture, and afterward adding ethyl cyanoacetate to the reaction mixture and allowing a reaction to proceed under conditions suitable to form a first reaction product of the formula diethyl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-butenedioate, and then isolating the diethyl-2-cyano-3-hydroxybutenedioate, and afterward reacting the diethyl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-butenedioate with aqueous sodium hydroxide under conditions suitable to form 4-amino-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders. Specifically, the disclosure relates to a novel use of delta tocopherol in the treatment of diseases and conditions related to lysosomal storage disorders. Included in the present disclosure is a method for the modulation of cholesterol recycling. Further, the disclosure relates to conditions such as Niemann-Pick type C disease, Farber disease, Niemann-Pick type A disease, Wolman disease and Tay Sachs disease. Further included in the present disclosure is a method for treating lysosomal storage disorders comprising the administration of delta tocopherol. Further included in the present disclosure is a method for treating lysosomal storage disorders comprising the administration of delta tocopherol in combination with cyclodextrin to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for the conversion of 1,6-hexanediol to adipic acid employing a chemocatalytic reaction in which 1,6-hexanediol is reacted with oxygen in the presence of particular heterogeneous catalysts including at least one of platinum or gold. The metals are preferably provided on a support selected from the group of titania, stabilized titania, zirconia, stabilized zirconia, silica or mixtures thereof, most preferably zirconia stabilized with tungsten. The reaction with oxygen is carried out at a temperature from about 100° C. to about 300° C. and at a partial pressure of oxygen from about 50 psig to about 2000 psig.

Abstract: A stable liquid pharmaceutical formulation contains an N-phenylpyrazole derivative, a crystallization inhibitor/viscolizer, and a solvent/co-solvent system including a glycol ether solvent and at least one mono alkyl ester co-solvent; an improved topical veterinary applicator system; and the use of the formulation for the prevention and treatment of infestations with fleas and ticks.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for engineering E. coli or other host production bacterial strains to produce fucosylated oligosaccharides, and the use thereof in the prevention or treatment of infection.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. The hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to nitrogen based hydrocarbon compounds such as pyridines. The method includes the reaction of acetylene with ammonia and controlling the ratio of acetylene to ammonia to generate the desired nitrogen based hydrocarbon compound.

Abstract: The invention concerns a new process for the preparation of crystalline form of agomelatine from a solution of agomelatine in a solvent, characterized in that the agomelatine is crystallized by instantaneous precipitation from said solution, at a temperature equal to or below ?10° C.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the adverse effects of complement pathway, activation products in a subject comprising administering to the subject an amount of Dextran Sulfate effective to inhibit formation of alternative complement pathway activation product.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for treating rhinitis or sinusitis in a subject. In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: identifying a subject in need thereof, and administering intranasally to the subject a formulation comprising an only active ingredient of an effective amount of rhamnolipid. In another embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: identifying a subject in need thereof, and administering intranasally to the subject a first active ingredient of an effective amount of a rhamnolipid and a second active ingredient of an effective amount of a corticosteroid, an antihistamine, a leukotriene antagonist, cromylin, an antibiotic, a sphingolipid, or a decongestant.