Abstract: Process for reforming hydrocarbons or producing aromatic hydrocarbons under severe operating conditions, in the presence of a catalyst comprising an alumina carrier and, expressed by weight with respect to alumina:(a) from 0.05 to 0.6% of platinum(b) from 0.01 to 2% of rhenium(c) from 0.05 to 3% of thallium or indium, and(d) from 0.1 to 10% of a halogen.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of chloroprene, which is the critical monomer constituent of neoprene rubbers, and of 2,3-dichlorobutadiene-1,3, which often is copolymerized with chloroprene to provide better low temperature properties of the resulting elastomer, involves dehydrochlorination of a chlorinated hydrocarbon such as 3,4-dichlorobutene-1, 2,3,4-trichlorobutene-1, or 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane, with an aqueous mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride having the composition of chlor/alkali cell liquor; separation of the organic phase from which the desired product, chloroprene or 2,3-dichlorobutadiene-1,3, is recovered by distillation; and recirculation of the aqueous (brine) phase to the electrolysis apparatus, from which the sodium hydroxide-sodium chloride liquor is returned to the dehydrochlorination step.

Abstract: A process for producing an olefin oligomer comprising polymerizing olefin having not less than 6 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of (a) aluminum halide, (b) polyhydric alcohol derivative of which alcohol the hydrogen atoms of the entire hydroxyl groups are substituted with either one or both of alkyl and acyl groups and (c) a nickel compound or cobalt compound is provided. Thus, an olefin oligomer having a narrow distribution of the polymerization degree and good properties can be obtained with a high selectivity by using a catalyst capable of being easily handled.

Abstract: The improvement of the preferred Pt-Sn on alumina bimetallic catalyst (and similar catalysts) for hydrotreatment of hydrocarbons, comprising the catalyst further containing silicon in combined form.

Abstract: A method of producing liquid hydrocarbons useful e.g. as lubricants or base oils for cosmetics is disclosed. The method comprises copolymerizing in the presence of an aluminum halide catalyst (i) at least one alpha-olefin having a terminal vinyl group and containing 6 to 14 carbon atoms, (ii) isobutylene and/or diisobutylene, and optionally (iii) 1-butene, coexisting in a specified ratio, and optionally hydrogenating the resulting polymer.

Abstract: A process for producing hydrocarbons having about 10 to 50 carbon atoms with a high yield by subjecting a synthetic polyisoprene rubber to a thermally destructive distillation under a reduced pressure and further a process for producing squalane-like saturated hydrocarbons by catalytically reducing the distillate thus obtained from the synthetic polyisoprene rubber.

Abstract: Fire retardant adducts of 1,4-dihydronaphthalene and halocyclopentadienes and polymer compositions containing said adducts.

Abstract: A method of homopolymerizing a 1-olefin to a product including the trimer and tetramer by utilizing boron trifluoride under pressure in the presence of a suspended particulate adsorbent material. For example, 1-decene is homopolymerized at a temperature of about 25.degree. C. in the presence of a suspension of about two weight percent silica and boron trifluoride at a pressure of 125 psi.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing a catalyst for hydrocarbon conversion consisting of a mordenite containing less than 0.5% by weight of sodium, having a molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 from 10 to 100 and further containing at least one metal selected from cobalt, nickel, silver and palladium, wherein said metal in incorporated to a mordenite of the sodic form having a molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 close to 10, the major portion of the sodium is eliminated, the resulting catalyst mass is dried from about 50.degree. to 150.degree. C., and then subjected to a first so-called dry calcination between 300.degree. and 700.degree. C., in the presence of a dry, inert or oxidizing gas containing less than 1% by volume of steam, and to a second so-called wet calcination between 250.degree. and 700.degree. C., in the presence of either steam or an inert or oxidizing gas containing at least 3% of steam.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a novel superactive multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a reduced combination of a catalytically effective amount of an adsorbed rhenium-oxygen complex with a porous carrier material containing a catalytically effective amount of a conventional rhenium component and a uniform dispersion of a catalytically effective amount of a platinum group component which is maintained in the elemental metallic state during the adsorption and reduction of the rhenium-oxygen complex. A key feature associated with the preparation of the subject catalytic composite is reaction of a rhenium-oxygen complex with a porous carrier material containing a conventional rhenium component and a uniform dispersion of a platinum group component maintained in the elemental state, whereby the interaction of the rhenium-oxygen complex with the platinum group metal moiety is maximized due to the platinophilic (i.e.

Abstract: Halogenated hydrocarbons of formula:RR.sup.1 C.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 CYZQandRR.sup.1 C.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CYQ,and mixtures thereof, wherein Y is F, Cl or Br, R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl group, Z is Y or Q and Q is W(CF.sub.2).sub.m -- in which W is hydrogen, F or Cl and m is 1 or 2, and a process for their preparation which comprises heating in a polar aprotic solvent, preferably in the presence of an alkali metal halide, a halogenated hydrocarbon of formula RR.sup.1 C--CHX--CH.sub.2 CYZQ wherein R,R.sup.1,Y,Z and Q have the previously defined meanings and X is Cl, Br or I, provided that X is always Br or I when at least one of Y and Z is Br.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a novel superactive multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a combination of a catalytically effective amount of a pyrolyzed rhenium carbonyl component with a porous carrier material containing a catalytically effective amount of a conventional rhenium component and a uniform dispersion of a catalytically effective amount of a platinum group component, which is maintained in the elemental metallic state during the incorporation of the rhenium carbonyl component. A key feature associated with the preparation of the subject catalytic composite is reaction of a rhenium carbonyl complex with a porous carrier material containing a conventional rhenium component and a uniform dispersion of a platinum group metal maintained in the elemental state, whereby the interaction of the rhenium carbonyl complex with the platinum group moiety is maximized due to the platinophilic (i.e.

Abstract: Process for the separation of hydrogen fluoride from its mixtures with 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, such as those obtained in the manufacture of the latter. An auxiliary solvent, chosen from among 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, vinylidene chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and mixtures thereof, is added to the mixture so as to obtain two separate liquid phases, one of which contains the hydrogen fluoride and the other of which contains the 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane. Virtually all the hydrogen fluoride is recovered in the anhydrous form in the manufacture of monomers such as vinylidene fluoride, from chlorohydrocarbons such as vinylidene chloride and 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

Abstract: 1,2-Dichlorethane is dehydrochlorinated by direct contact with a molten salt including the higher and lower valent forms of a multivalent metal chloride and generally also the oxychloride of the metal with ethane being present to increase selectivity to vinyl chloride.

Abstract: Dehydrocyclizable hydrocarbons are converted to aromatics by contacting them at dehydrocyclization conditions with an acidic multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a cobalt component, a uranium component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material. The platinum group, cobalt, uranium and halogen components are present in the multimetallic catalyst in amounts respectively, calculated on an elemental basis, corresponding to about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.05 to about 5 wt. % cobalt, about 0.1 to about 10 wt. % uranium, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen.

Abstract: Dehydrocyclizable hydrocarbons are converted to aromatics by contacting them at hydrocarbon dehydrocyclization conditions with an acidic multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a nickel component, a lanthanide series component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material. The platinum group, nickel, lanthanide series and halogen components are present in the multimetallic catalyst in amounts respectively, calculated on an elemental basis, corresponding to about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.05 to about 5 wt. % nickel, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % lanthanide series metal, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen.

Abstract: Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting them, at dehydrogenation conditions, with a catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a cobalt component, and a cadmium component with a porous carrier material. A specific example of the nonacidic catalytic composite disclosed herein is a combination of a platinum group component, a cobalt component, a cadmium component, and an alkali or alkaline earth component with a porous carrier material in amounts sufficient to result in a composite containing about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.05 to about 5 wt. % cobalt, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % cadmium and about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for the direct trifluoromethylation of aromatic compounds via carbon tetrachloride and hydrogen fluoride in the presence of strong Bronsted or Lewis acids which give an acidic reaction (increase in concentration of H.sub.2 F.sup.+ ions) in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with an acidic multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a nickel component, a cadmium component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material. The platinum group, nickel, cadmium, and halogen components are present in the multimetallic catalyst in amounts respectively, calculated on an elemental basis, corresponding to about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.05 to about 5 wt. % nickel, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % cadmium, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a novel sulfided and attenuated superactive multimetallic catalytic composite comprising a sulfided combination of a catalytically effective amount of a pyrolyzed rhenium carbonyl component with a porous carrier material containing a uniform dispersion of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, which is maintained in the elemental metallic state during the incorporation of the rhenium carbonyl component, and of a zinc component. A specific example of the type of hydrocarbon conversion process disclosed herein is a process for the catalytic reforming of a low octane gasoline fraction wherein the gasoline fraction and a hydrogen stream are contacted with the subject sulfided and attenuated superactive multimetallic catalytic composite at reforming conditions.