Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts are combined with a rare-earth, preferably lanthanum-containing catalyst/additive to enhance the cracking activity and selectivity in the presence of nickel and vanadia (Ni & V). The preferred additives comprise lanthanum, neodynium oxide and/or oxychloride dispersed in a clay/alumina matrix, wherein the alumina is derived from an aluminum hydroxychloride sol.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions and a process for making the same are disclosed. The composition finds application in the cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock containing vanadium and other metal contaminants. It essentially comprises a crystalline zeolite, a metal trapping or passivating agent and an inorganic oxide matrix precursor and is characterized by minimum elution of an alkaline earth metal in the catalyst.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions are described which comprise crystalline molecular sieve zeolites and an aluminum phosphate component having a surface area of less than about 50 m.sup.2 /g and a high degree of attrition resistance. The catalysts are particularly effective for the catalytic cracking of high molecular hydrocarbon feedstocks to obtain enhanced yields of C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 olefins such as isobutylene.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preparing crystalline silicates such as zeolites from a forming mixture containing quaternary ammonium-functionalized organosiliconate as a directing agent. The products prepared depend, inter alia, on reaction conditions such as temperature, crystallization time, and pH. More particularly, this invention relates to the use of a quaternary ammonium-functionalized organosiliconate in the preparation of ZSM-5, ZSM-48, ZSM-51 and the ZSM-48 composition thus prepared.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new form of crystalline material identified as zeolite ZSM-12, to a new and useful improvement in synthesizing said crystalline material and to use of said crystalline material prepared in accordance herewith as a catalyst for organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel dioctahedral smectite layered clay, a process for preparing the clay and a process using the clay. The clay is characterized in that the aluminum can be substituted by gallium and the silicon can be substituted by germanium. Therefore, some of the possible clays that can be prepared are gallium/silicon, gallium/germanium, or aluminum/germanium smectite clays. The clay is prepared from a reaction mixture containing reactive sources of the metals, i.e., aluminum, silicon, gallium and germanium, a templating agent and water. This reaction mixture is reacted at a pH of about 8.5 to about 14, a temperature of about 150.degree. to about 210.degree. C. for a time of about 1 to about 20 days to give a desired composition. The clay compositions of the instant invention can be used to catalyze various hydrocarbon conversion processes such as alkylation and hydrocracking.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel beidellite layered clay, a process for preparing the clay and a process using the clay. The clay is characterized in that it is substantially free of sodium cations, is composed of crystals whose average crystallites size is about 50-150 Angstroms, has a surface area of at least 80 m.sup.2 /g and has its 060 X-ray diffraction peak at a d-spacing of 1.50 Angstroms. The clay is prepared from a reaction mixture containing reactive sources of aluminum and silicon, a templating agent and water. Examples of templating agents are quaternary ammonium compounds such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Reactive source of aluminum and silicon include boehmite alumina and colloidal silica. The mixture is reacted at a pH of about 8.5 to about 14, a temperature of about 150.degree. to about 210.degree. C. for a time of about 1 to about 20 days. The clay composition may be used as is or after pillaring to catalyze hydrocarbon conversion processes such as alkylation.

Abstract: Group VIII metal modified non-acidic tin containing microporous crystalline materials which in catalysis exhibit high selectivity for dehydrogenation and dehydrocyclization are described.

Abstract: The invention comprises a hydrogen form Y-zeolite having a unit cell size between about 24.20 Angstroms and 24.40 Angstroms, preferably 24.30 to 24.36 Angstroms, characterized by a low ammonia temperature programmed desorption (TPD) acidity strength value and a relatively high ion exchange capacity. This zeolite may be produced by dehydroxylation as by a dry calcination of a steam modified low sodium zeolite such as LZ-20 zeolite.

Abstract: There is provided a molecular sieve coated with a non-oxide ceramic. The molecular sieve may be a zeolite, such as ZSM-5, and the ceramic coating may be, e.g., boron nitride. The coated molecular sieve may be prepared by contacting the molecular sieve with a ceramic precursor material comprising a thermally decomposable material, such as polyborazylene, and thermally decomposing this thermally decomposable material. The coated molecular sieves may be used as organic conversion catalysts. The non-oxide ceramic coating may alter or enhance the shape-selective properties of the molecular sieve by providing a diffusion barrier to molecules.

Abstract: Attrition-resistant binders can be prepared by a process wherein a slurry of clay particles is brought to either a low pH level (e.g., 1.0 to 3.0) or to a high pH level (e.g., 14.0 to 10.0) and mixed with a phosphate-containing compound in a concentration of from about 2.0 to about 20.0 weight percent. Preferably, the resulting slurry is spray dried and the particulate products of the spray drying are then calcined to produce attrition-resistant binder particles.

Abstract: The catalyst accordidng to the present invention can be utilized effectively as an ozone decomposing catalyst for catalytically decomposing to eliminate ozone contained in a gas or as an ozone deodorizing catalyst for deomposing offensive odor ingredients contained in a gas by catalytic oxidation under the pretense of ozone, and it comprises a composition containing Mn oxide, metal Pd and/or Pd oxide as the essential ingredients formed as a thin film on a support. Further, the performance of the catalyst can be improved by using Mn oxide and Pd as the essential ingredient and using an alumina sol as a binder upon preparation.

Abstract: A catalyst useful for hydroisomerizing wax containing feeds comprises a Group VIII metal on an alumina or silica-alumina support having less than about 35 wt % silica and is surface treated with at least about 0.5 wt % silica or a silica precursor.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for the hydrotreatment of hydrocarbon oils is disclosed. The composition comprises at least one metal compound having hydrogenating activity belonging to a Group VIB or Group VIII carried on a carrier comprising 2-35% by weight of zeolite and 98-65% by weight of alumina or an alumina-containing substance, wherein, (A) said alumina or alumina-containing substance (1) has a mean pore diameter of 60-125 angstrom and (2) contains the pore volume of which the diameter falls within .+-.10 angstrom of the mean pore diameter of 70-98% of the total pore volume, (B) said zeolite (3) has a mean particle size of 6 .mu.m or smaller and (4) contains particles of which the diameter is 6 .mu.m or smaller of 70-98% of all zeolite particles. It has both high hydrodesulfurization and high cracking capabilities at the same time, and can selectively crack the heavy fractions which have once been hydrotreated, yielding lighter fractions.

Abstract: Method of producing a cellular body for adsorption of preferably organic substances in purification plants, to which end a cellular structure is impregnated with a hydrophobic zeolite.Impregnation takes place using a sludge of the hydrophobic zeolite and an inorganic binder, the impregnated cellular structure being heated to a temperature at which the constituents thereof begin to sinter together.

Abstract: A method of activating silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) compositions by contacting as-synthesized SAPO with hydrated alumina and water, followed by heating to at least 425.degree. C., preferably in nitrogen and then air.

Abstract: A catalyst system for converting NO.sub.x, CO, and HC contained in the exhaust gas from a gasoline-fueled engine controlled to operate under lean-burn conditions (R=0.03-0.9) such that the a ratio of NO.sub.x to HC in the exhaust gas in in the range of 1/3 to 3/1 (i.e., minimum C.sub.3 H.sub.6 of 250 ppm and NO.sub.x of 200-400 ppm). The system comprises a first stage catalyst containing a transition metal-exchanged zeolite (i.e., Cu-ZSM5), and a three-way catalyst for treating the effluent from said first stage catalyst. The second stage catalyst consists of a high surface area alumina support impregnated with an intimate mixture of 0.5-20% lanthana, 0.2-30% palladium, and advantageously an outer washcoat TiO.sub.2.A method of treating the exhaust gas from a fossil-fueled engine comprising operating the engine under lean-burn conditions while controlling the emission ratio of NO.sub.

Abstract: Metal migration from molecular sieve particles to binder particles in agglomerates of molecular sieves bearing group VIII zerovalent metal occurs readily at temperatures above 350.degree. C. Such migration can seriously impair the performance of the catalyst whose effectiveness depends on the presence of the metal largely, if not exclusively, on the molecular sieve particle. Exposure of the catalyst, or a catalyst precursor, to temperatures facilitating group VIII metal migration can occur at various periods during the catalyst's history. Group VIII metal migration can be inhibited and often effectively prevented when chlorine or a chlorine-containing compound is present in the non-reducing atmosphere at temperatures which otherwise would bring about metal migration.

Abstract: The catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon oil to provide a product of increased octane number and increased light olefin content is carried out employing a cracking catalyst composition containing both a large port crystalline zeolite component and a ZSM-57 zeolite component.

Abstract: Low acidity refractory oxide-bound molecular sieve, e.g., zeolite, compositions, for example, zirconia-bound zeolite Beta, possessing superior physical properties, e.g., crush strength, and the method for their manufacture are described. Since low acidity refractory oxide-bound catalysts are less active than alumina-bound zeolite catalysts, the former are particularly useful in hydrocarbon conversion processes in which reduced coke make increases catalyst cycle length. Due to their stability in acid environments, the low acidity refractory oxide-bound molecular sieve extrudate herein can be acid treated without unduly compromising its structural integrity.