Abstract: A more convenient, more sensitive test for detection of certain malignancies in human and animal subjects is disclosed. Sera from test subjects is mixed with labeled DNA in the presence of an enzyme-conjugated matrix. Sera from normal and cancerous subjects react differently with the matrix, permitting a diagnosis of the subject.

Abstract: Tobacco varieties exhibiting agronomically useful resistance to N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)arylsulfonamide herbicides are produced by tissue culture selection techniques.

Abstract: A method for producing amines, the method comprising contacting at reactive conditions at least one alcohol, aldehyde or ketone, or a mixture thereof, with an aminating agent in the presence of a cobalt/copper catalyst, is improved by employing as the catalyst a composition comprising cobalt and copper, the catalyst being prepared by the molten salt impregnation technique.

Abstract: A promoter region that drives expression of a 1450 base T.sub.R transcript in octopine-type crown gall tumors can also promote expression of a foreign structural gene in bacteria. Use of this dul-purpose promoter region to drive expression of a single copy of a foreign structural gene in both plants and bacteria is taught. The construction of a selectable marker functional in eukaryotes and prokaryotes is exemplified, as are vectors useful in efforts to transform plants.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the production of ethanol by the fermentation of molasses in the presence of the yeasts S. cerevisiae and Schwanniomyces castellii (R69), which is capable of growing and producing amylase in a molasses-containing meduim. The amylase converts starch and higher sugars in the unfermentable component of the medium to a hexose sugar which is converted to ethanol by S. cerevisiae.

Abstract: Proliferin, a growth-related hormone of the prolactin-growth hormone family is provided, as well as DNA molecules encoding proliferin and methods of expressing the DNA molecules in vivo. Methods of probing for proliferin encoding DNA are also provided.

Abstract: A process for the detection of a particular polynucleotide sequence in a polynucleotide-containing test sample comprising forming an agarose gel having a depression therein, adding the test sample to said depression, putting agarose solution in the depression and permitting it to gel thereby to encase the test sample in agarose gel, denaturing the polynucleotide in the test sample within the agarose gel, under hybridization conditions contacting the test sample-containing gel with an oligonucleotide or polynucleotide probe having a sequence complementary with a sequence for which the sample is being tested, and determining the extent of hybridization.

Abstract: A diagnostic reagent is disclosed containing a complex of a probe polynucleotide (P) bound via purine/pyrimidine hydrogen bonding to a labeled polynucleotide (L). The probe (P) contains a target binding region (TBR) capable of binding to a target nucleotide sequence (G) of a biological sample. A method is disclosed in which contact with a sample containing the target nucleotide sequence (G) causes binding, initially between G and a single-stranded portion (IBR) of the target binding region (TBR). Thereafter the labeled polynucleotide (L) is displaced from the complex by branch migration of (G) into the (P)/(L) binding region. A volume excluding polymeric agent such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO or PEG) or other polyethers enhances the rate of appearance of displaced labeled polynucleotide. Determination of displaced labeled polynucleotide (L) gives a value which is a function of the presence and concentration of target nucleotide sequence (G) in the sample.

Abstract: This invention relates to sulfonated lubricating agents for leather and furs. More specifically, this invention relates to a process for the production of sulfonated lubricating agent for leather and tanned furs consisting of the steps of:(a) sulfochlorinating higher fatty acids or esters of higher fatty acids having chain lengths of from 8 to 24 carbon atoms with chlorine and SO.sub.2 at a temperature of from about 20.degree. to 90.degree. C. under UV-radiation for a time sufficient to obtain a compound having a chlorine content of from about 5 to 30 percent by weight and a content of --SO.sub.2 Cl groups of from about 1 to 20 percent by weight, the ratio of chlorine atoms to --SO.sub.2 Cl groups being from about 0.7:1 to 70:1; and(b) forming a water-emulsifiable alkali metal, ammonium, or lower alkyl-ammonium salt of the compound produced in step (a).

Abstract: A diagnostic reagent is disclosed containing a complex of a probe polynucleotide (P) bound via purine/pyrimidine hydrogen bonding to a labeled polynucleotide (L). The probe (P) contains a target binding region (TBR) capable of binding to a target nucleotide sequence (G) of a biological sample. A method is disclosed in which contact with a sample containing the target nucleotide sequence (G) causes binding, initially between G and a single-stranded portion (IBR) of the target binding region (TBR). Thereafter the labeled polynucleotide (L) is displaced from the complex by branch migration of (G) into the (P)/(L) binding region. Determination of displaced labeled polynucleotide (L) gives a value which is a function of the presence and concentration of target nucleotide sequence (G) in the sample.

Abstract: A method of preparing certain bis-quaternary ammonium compounds and mixtures is disclosed. The method involves contacting a tertiary amine with a suitable amount of neutralizing acid, e.g. HCl, and subsequently contacting the resulting mixture with a suitable epoxide, e.g. epichlorohydrin, at an elevated temperature and in an amount that e.g. 2-hydroypropylene-bis-1,3-(dimethyl stearyl ammonium chloride) is obtained in almost stoichiometric yields. The resulting bis-quaternary ammonium compounds can be incorporated into a hair conditioner whereby a softer feel and better control of hair is obtained.The general structure for the resulting bis-quaternary ammonium compounds is as follows: ##STR1## wherein the R's are selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylamidoalkyl, aryalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, and carboxyalkyl and X is a negative radical from the epoxide used, e.g. epichlorohydrin.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process of producing cellulolytic enzymes by fermentation with the Trichoderma reesei fungus.This process includes two steps:(a) a first step of subjecting to aerobian fermentation a culture medium comprising a strain of Trichoderma reesei, nutrition compounds and a small quantity of cellulose and sugar,(b) a second step of contining the aerobian fermentation by adding soluble sugar at a speed such that the sugar concentration in the fermentation zone remains under 0.3% by weight.The cellulolytic enzymes obtained are used in the enzymatic hydrolysis of a lignocellulosic biomass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vectors useful for identifying eukaryotic regulatory sequences and to a method for identifying these sequences. The vectors comprise a first nucleotide sequence which allows for replication in a eukaryotic host, a second nucleotide sequence which codes for a first product that controls replication at said first sequence, and a third nucleotide sequence which codes for a second product that is detectable. The method comprises inserting putative eukaryotic regulatory sequences at a position on the 5'-side of the second sequence and measuring the production of the second product.

Abstract: [21-Leucine] human urogastrone, hUG, comprising a polypeptide represented by the specified amino acid sequence has been found to be equivalent to the known hUG which has 21-Met and is disclosed together with its syntheses. Double-stranded polydeoxyribonucleotides comprising a structural gene for expressing the hUG, a recombinant plasmid comprising a structural gene for expressing the hUG, and E. coli transformed by the recombinant plasmid are also disclosed. Thanks to the substitution of Met in the known hUG by Leu, the peptide of hUG can now be produced by a conventional or typical method in which a genetically engineered precursor fused polypeptide is cleaved by cyanogen bromide at Met in the fused polypeptide.

Abstract: In vitro cell culture systems for anchorage-dependent mammalian cells using solid substrates of mitogenic calcium compounds, such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate forms of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. The calcium solid substrates can be in the form of granules with a particle size of at least 0.050 mm. or in the form of solid bodies and may be either porous or non-porous. Unique features of cells cultured in the stated in vitro cell culture systems include the growth of cells in layers many cells thick, growth of cells that maintain their phenotype and the ability to culture cells for extended periods of time.

Abstract: Tobacco varieties exhibiting agronomically useful resistance to N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)arylsulfonamide herbicides are produced by tissue culture selection techniques.

Abstract: A method for the simultaneous production of sorbitol and either gluconolactone or gluconate from glucose and fructose. To this end to produce sorbitol and gluconolactone, glucose and fructose are reacted in the presence of a cell or cell-free extract of a bacteria, which contains the enzyme complex glucose/fructose transhydrogenase including the tightly bound co-factor(s), under condition whereby the further metabolism of gluconolactone is substantially prevented. In order to produce sorbitol and gluconate glucose and fructose are reacted in the presence of a cell or cell-free extract of a bacteria which contains an enzyme system comprising the enzyme complex glucose/fructose transhydrogenase including the tightly bound co-factor(s) and the enzyme gluconolactonase. This reaction is carried out under conditions whereby the metabolism of gluconate is substantially prevented. Preferably the bacteria used in this process is of the genus Zymomonas and most preferably of the species Zymomonas mobilis.

Abstract: Foam is controlled in the sugar industry and yeast industry by a process in which oxyalkylation products of the formula IR--O--(X.sub.1).sub.n --(X.sub.2).sub.m --(X.sub.3).sub.p --Zwhere R is alkyl of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or alkylphenyl where alkyl is of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, X.sub.1 and X.sub.3 are ethylene oxide units, n and p are each from 0 to 15 and the sum of n and p is not less than 2, the groups X.sub.2 are propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide units, m is from 0 to 15 and Z is straight-chain or branched alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, allyl or benzyl, having a turbidity point of <75.degree. C., are used as antifoams.

Abstract: Process for preparing Xanthomonas heteropolysaccharide from Xanthomonas campestris NCIB 11854 and use of the latter, e.g. as viscosity modifier in an aqueous solution, and in a drilling fluid and use in connection with well treatments, and enhanced oil recovery.

Abstract: Certain trisubstituted anilides of oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid are potent inhibitors of the enzyme acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase and are thus useful agents for inhibiting the intestinal absorption of cholesterol.