Abstract: The present invention provides an antifreeze/coolant composition with polymeric polycarboxylates which prevents hard water precipitants and scale formation, is soluble in alcohol and alcohol/water mixtures, is compatible with other commonly used antifreeze/coolant components, does not corrode or damage automotive cooling systems and is effective at relatively low concentrations.

Abstract: An electrorheological fluid composition comprising a dispersion of disperse-phase particles formed of a sulfonated polymer possessing aromatic rings substituted with sulfonic acid groups in an electrically non-conducting oil which electrorheological fluid is characterized by the fact that the number of sulfonic acid groups in said sulfonated polymer forming said disperse-phase particles exceeds the number of aromatic rings present in said sulfonated polymer.

Abstract: A relatively low cost double salt road deicer composition is provided which includes a preponderant quantity of calcium magnesium propionate (CMP), together with smaller quantities of calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) and related salts. The product is preferably made by inoculating a sugar substrate (e.g., glucose, xylose or the hydrolysis products of biomass or starch) with facultative bacteria, followed by fermentation under anoxic conditions at moderate temperatures (30.degree.-37.degree. C.) and pH (5-7) in order to yield an organic acid mixture; the mixture is then reacted with a source of magnesium and calcium cations such as dolomite to produce mixed salts, which are then recovered as a solid road deicer. The preferred inoculum is P. acidi-propionici, and the fermentation step can be carried out batch-wise or continuously.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an electrorheological fluid which comprises nonconductive particulate susceptible to ionic and electronic polarization dispersed in a nonconductive fluid. The nonconductive particulate are a phenoxy organometallic salt. This salt is the reaction product of an esentially stoichiometric amount of phenoxy salt soluble or dispersible in a liquid and a divalent metal salt. The phenoxy salt can be made by reacting diphenol material with active metal or active metal hydroxide.

Abstract: A cleaning composition for cleaning the surfaces of edible fresh fruits and vegetables. The composition comprises water and a preservative, and preferably also a co-solvent with a dielectric constant less than that of water, a surfactant, a flavorant, and a buffering agent to maintain the composition's pH within the range of 2 to 9. The invention further comprises a fibrous wiper impregnated with the cleaning composition for wiping the fresh produce, and a dispenser for storing the impregnated fibrous wiper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrorheological fluid composition comprising a dispersion of a plurality of solid particles in an electrically non-conducting liquid, the improvement comprising using as said solid particles a composition having the general formula:[(M).sup.p (H.sub.2 O).sub.x (OH).sub.y ].sup.q.sub.c [A].sup.r.sub.d.B.sub.z.nH.sub.2 Owherein M is a metal cation or a mixture of metal cations at various ratios; p is the total valence of M and has a value of greater than zero; x is zero or has a value greater than zero, y is zero or has a value greater than zero, with the proviso that only one of x or y can be zero at any given time; q has a value of p minus y with the proviso that q has a value of at least one; c has a value of greater than zero; A is an anion or a mixture of anions at various ratios; r is the total valence of A with the proviso that r has a value of at least one; d has a value of greater than zero with the proviso that (q.times.c) is always equal to (r.times.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifreeze/coolant additive comprising polymeric polycarboxylates which reduces the corrosion rate of heat rejecting aluminum, and is effective at relatively low concentrations.

Abstract: A novelty soap bar surrounds a supercompressed sponge novelty item which pops out when significant use of the soap provides a path for water entry which triggers a surprise expansion of the supercompressed sponge novelty. The supercompressed sponge novelty item, or plurality of novelty items positioned together or separately, pops out when the enclosing soap shell becomes sufficiently thin to permit moisture to enter and expand the supercompressed sponge novelty item. The supercompressed sponge novelty item is encapsulated in a slow-soluble or non-soluble soft easily-abradable encapsulent to prevent moisture from expanding the novelty item during manufacture or shelf life.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrorheological fluids having ceramic particles of high ion conductivity and a nonconducting or dielectric fluid. The high ion conductive particle may be a material having the formula A.sub.1+x Zr.sub.2 Si.sub.x P.sub.3-x O.sub.12, where A is a monovalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Ag and Cu; and x ranges from 0 to 3. The liquid phase may include a silicone fluid or mineral oil. In the case of a mineral oil, the oil may also include an amine-terminated polyester to improve stability of the fluid.

Abstract: In a composition having one or more glycol-based diluents, one or more lubricants, and one or more inhibitors, the improvement comprising: (A) 0.001 to 1.0 percent by weight of one or more butylated hydroxytoluenes, and (B) 0.001 to 1.0 percent by weight of one or more metal borohydrides.

Abstract: Inexpensive paint stripper compositions, containing neither chlorinated, aromatic nor alkaline solvents and well adopted for removing glycerophthalic, alkyd-urethane, acrylic-polyurethane and epoxy paints from a variety of substrates, e.g., wood and metal substrates, comprise (a) from 1% to 20% by volume of an aprotic polar solvent selected from among dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methylmorpholine, .gamma.-butyrolactone, acetonitrile and mixtures thereof; and (b) from 99% to 80% by volume of an ether selected from among methyltert-butylether, diethylether, tert-amylmethylether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention pertains to electroviscous fluids comprising a dispersion in an electrical insulating fluid of microparticles that are comprised of a polyelectrolyte or a mixture of a polyether and a polyelectrolyte wherein said polyelectrolyte consists of a carboxyaryl group-containing organopolysiloxane that has been neutralized by a base containing a monovalent or divalent metal. The electroviscous fluids of this invention provide a high electroviscous effect and good dispersion stability, and they are thermally stable and do not abrade surrounding equipment.

Abstract: Concentrated hard surface cleaning compositions containing pine oil and/or terpenes and nonionic and a anionic surfactants can be obtained as clear liquids which remain clear when diluted with water.

Abstract: An electrorheological material containing a carrier fluid and an ionic dye particle component which is an ionically charged compound based on or derived from a conjugated hydrocarbon compound. A preferred ionically charged compound contains at least one aromatic nucleus that has been sulfonated and/or carboxylated to form a negatively charged system which has, in turn, been offset with a positive ion. The electrorheological material is useful for creating aesthetic visual effects and responds quickly to an electric field.

Abstract: A working fluid comprising tetrafluoroethane, difluoroethane and at least one fluorinated hydrocarbon having a boiling point of not higher than -40.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure selected from the group consisting of methane derivatives and ethane derivatives which consist of one or two carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and fluorine atoms, which has very small influence on the ozone layer in the stratosphere and is suitable as a substitute working fluid for chlorodifluoromethane.

Abstract: A liquid deicing composition comprising MgCl.sub.2 or bittern and an organic inhibitor selected from the group consisting of triethanolamine, triethanolamine acid salts, citric acid, metal salts of citric acid and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A heat sensitive color developing material containing an electron donating color forming organic compound, a heat activating compound, and a color developer. These materials have excellent heat sensitivity in which color can be developed rapidly and can be produced and easily used.

Abstract: The subject invention is directed to rubber coatings for cleaning cloths comprised of foamed rubber and cellulose microfibers that promote biodegradability and enhance water absorbtivity and other desirable properties.

Abstract: A working fluid composition for use in a refrigeration system which comprises a refrigerating oil comprising a compound having one or more ketone groups in the molecular structure as a base oil and a hydrofluorocarbon.

Abstract: An improved electroviscous fluid formulated with discrete fluids of diverse densities, characterized in that settling of aggregate in functional apparatus is diminished. Aggregate particles having a density between the density of two fluids migrate to the boundary layer of the fluids when the fluids are at rest. By appropriately selecting the volume of the fluids in functional apparatus, the electroviscous fluid aggregate is placed in position for more immediate response when the apparatus is activated by electrical energy.