Abstract: This invention relates to a copolymer prepared by polymerizing at least a vinyl compound (A) which gives a homopolymer with a refractive index of 1.50 or more, a fluoroalkyl (meth)acrylate (B) represented by the following formula (1) and methyl methacrylate (C), wherein a weight ratio of monomer (A) component/monomer (B) component ((A)/(B)) in the copolymer is within the range of 0.2 to 1; as well as a plastic optical fiber and a plastic optical fiber cable comprising a clad made of the copolymer. This invention can provide a plastic optical fiber and a plastic optical fiber cable exhibiting a reduced transmission loss, minimizing increase in a transmission loss even when being held as a bobbin-wound form, exhibiting a reduced bend loss and can transmit a wide-band data. (In the above formula, X represents H or CH3; and Rf represents fluoroalkyl having 7 to 14 carbon atoms both inclusive and 13 to 25 fluorine atoms both inclusive.).

Abstract: A latching mechanism is provided for selectively latching mirrors in an optical switch. The mirrors are selectively movable between rest and actuated positions. The latching mechanism provides stable latching of mirrors in an actuated position, i.e., without power being applied to maintain the actuated state.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp is produced using tungsten wire that is wound as a double coiled winding around an electrode metal rod, leaving a tip end thereof, and the double coiled winding is machined into a melted tip end by a YAG laser beam, with the remaining double coiled winding used as a coil. The tip end of the metal rod is machined into a nipple on the distal end of the melted tip. The melted tip has a diameter D1 and a length L1, the nipple has a proximal end having a diameter D2 and a length L2, and the coil and the melted tip end (including the nipple) have a volume V1 and the melted tip end (including the nipple) has a volume V2, when the electrode assembly is machined to satisfy at least one of the conditions 0.15?D2/D1?0.3, 0.2?L2/L1?0.4, and 0.2?V2/V1?0.4.

Abstract: In a method for fabricating a field emission device, a cathode electrode is first formed on a substrate and an emitter having a carbon-based material is formed on the cathode electrode. After an emitter surface treatment agent is deposited on the substrate to cover the emitter, the emitter surface treatment agent and hardened and removed from the substrate such that the carbon-based material contained in the emitter can be exposed out of a surface of the emitter.

Abstract: The invention proposes an arrangement of luminescent materials for excitation by means of a radiation source and involving the use of a luminescent material having a Ce-activated garnet structure A3B5O12, in which the first component A contains at least one element from the group consisting of Y, Lu, Se, La, Gd, Sm and Tb and the second component B represents at least one of the elements Al, Ga and In, and a plurality of the luminescent materials are mixed together. An associated wavelength-converting casting compound and an associated light-source arrangement are further proposed.

Abstract: A fluorescent display tube including: (a) a substrate having a display surface; (b) anodes formed on the display surface of the substrate, and spaced apart each other; (c) cathodes capable of generating electrons; (d) fluorescent layers each of which is fixed to a corresponding one of the anodes; (e) a rib formed on the display surface of the substrate so as to surround a periphery of each of the fluorescent layers; and (f) a control electrode fixed to an upper end face of the rib, and consisting of a plurality of sections which are spaced apart each other; wherein the fluorescent layers are selectively activated by the control electrode, so as to be struck by the electrons generated by the cathodes, for emitting light, wherein the rib includes continuous wall portions continuously extending along respective boundaries each of which is located between a corresponding pair of the anodes which are adjacent to each other, such that each pair of the anodes are electrically insulated from each other, and wherein t

Abstract: Activation of printed or dispensed carbon nanotube (CNT) film using a particle-blasting technique, also referred to as sandblasting or bead blasting. The process works by sending particles of material at high enough velocity such that when the particles hit the surface, some of the material at the surface is removed. The surface of the printed CNT film is slowly eroded away by the particles from the particle gun. The CNT fibers may be embedded in several layers of the printed layer, so they may not be removed easily.

Abstract: A light-emitting device is disclosed with improved luminance even with increased arrangement density of a reflector regardless of a light-emitting region. The disclosed device includes a reflector between an electrode for extracting light from a layer including a luminescent material, which serves as a light-emitting region of a light-emitting element, and an exterior space (air). In addition, a light-extraction efficiency can be improved by setting an angle made by a surface of the reflector, which faces the light-emitting element, and a side surface of the reflector (hereinafter, referred to as a slope angle of the reflector) in a predetermined range as for a shape of the reflector.

Abstract: Structures for field emission displays and methods of making and using such structures are provided. In one implementation, a cathode plate of a field emission display includes a cathode substrate of the field emission display and a plurality of emitter lines formed on the cathode substrate. In another implementation, an anode plate of a field emission display includes a transparent piece of the field emission display and a plurality of phosphor lines formed on the transparent piece. The plurality of phosphor lines are to be aligned with and receive electrons from a plurality of emitter lines of a cathode substrate of the field emission display.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a PDP includes the steps of carrying a PDP under manufacture into an apparatus having a plurality of firing zones, and performing a firing step and/or a drying step under circulating hot air supplied in the respective firing zones. Organic components generated in the firing step and/or the drying step are oxidatively decomposed in a path for circulating the hot air.

Abstract: A microdischarge device has a semiconductor layer, an intermediate layer, and a conductive layer. A tapered cavity is disposed in at least the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a display device of the present invention includes the steps of forming insulating barriers which surround electrode and project upward from the surface of the electrode, and bringing the whole substrate into contact with water after applying the solution including an acceptor in wet process. According to the present invention, an organic conductive layer can be uniformly formed over a substrate in wet process even if the substrate does not have a smooth surface and has distribution in wettability of the surface.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a rear plate, a front plate formed parallel with and spaced apart from the rear plate, a plurality of electrode pairs, and a plurality of data electrodes. Each electrode pair includes a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode formed in parallel on a bottom surface of the front plate. Each data electrode is formed in parallel on a top surface of the rear plate and is orthogonal to each electrode pair. A plurality of display cells is defined at an intersection of each data electrode and each electrode pair. The plurality of display cells include at least a first display cell, a second display cell, and a third display cell for displaying three different colors. At least one recessed portion is formed in the electrode pairs in the second display cell and the third display cell.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence cell including at least one organic layer and a pair of electrodes, the organic layer including a light-emitting layer and sandwiched between the pair of electrodes, the pair of electrodes including a reflective electrode and a transparent electrode, the organic electroluminescence cell formed to satisfy the expression: B0<B? in which B0 is a frontal luminance value of luminescence radiated from a light extraction surface to an observer, and B? is a luminance value of the luminescence at an angle of from 50° to 70°, wherein a reflection/refraction angle disturbance region is provided so that the angle of reflection/refraction of the luminescence is disturbed while the luminescence is output from the light-emitting layer to the observer side through the transparent electrode.

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing a display with a partition wall to form a luminescent cell on a base 30 of the display. The method includes a step of forming an inorganic micro-powder layer in which an inorganic micro-powder layer is formed on the base; and a step for forming thee partition wall in which the partition wall is formed by irradiating the inorganic micro-powder layer on the base with laser light so as to melt the inorganic micro-powder layer and form the partition wall.

Abstract: A jack module for optical transmission has, on a holder body into which a specified plug is to be inserted, an optical semiconductor device for inputting and outputting an optical signal via the plug. The optical semiconductor device is so constructed that a light-emitting chip and a light-receiving chip are mounted on a one-side surface of a lead frame, where the light-emitting chip and the light-receiving chip are integrally molded with a light-pervious resin. The surface of the lead frame is disposed so as to be inclined with respect to a center axis of the plug inserted into the holder body. The jack module for optical transmission is capable of easily performing communications in the half-duplex method, simple in construction and manufacturable at small size and low cost.

Abstract: An optical waveguide and a first lens are formed on an underlying surface. The optical waveguide guides light along a first direction. The first lens is continuous with one end of the waveguide and converges light radiated from the end plane of the optical waveguide and diverging along directions parallel to the underlying surface. A second lens converges light transmitted through the first lens and diverging along directions perpendicular to the underlying surface. A support member supports the first and second lenses. It is possible to prevent a shift of positions of the optical waveguide and lens to be caused by a temperature change and to prevent a light coupling efficiency from being lowered.

Abstract: Systems and methods for designing and fabricating multi-layer structures having thermal expansion properties are provided. One embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-layer structure. Briefly described, one such multi-layer structure comprises a central layer, a first layer, and a second layer. The first layer is constrained to a first side of the central layer and has a first thickness. The first layer comprises a first material having a first value for a thermal expansion property. The second layer is constrained to a second side of the central layer and has a second thickness. The second layer comprises a second material having a second value for a thermal expansion property.

Abstract: A field emission display (FED) having a grid plate with spacer structure and fabrication method thereof. A first wplate having first electrodes and electron emitters on a first surface is provided. A second plate having second electrodes and phosphor regions on a second surface is also provided, wherein the second surface is opposite the first surface. A grid plate with spacer structure and passages having grid electrodes is positioned between the two plates to maintain a predetermined interval. When a specific voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, electrons extracted from the electron emitters are accelerated by the grid electrodes through the passages to impact the phosphor regions.

Abstract: A waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) is apodized by varying the duty cycle of selected grating periods while fixing the pitch of the grating periods. In one embodiment, the WBG is implemented in a silicon substrate using polysilicon filled trenches of varying width while keeping the grating periods' pitch constant. The polysilicon trenches are formed so that if the width of one trench is increased compared to an adjacent grating period, the trench width in the other adjacent grating period (if present) is decreased.