Abstract: A small form factor pluggable optoelectronic transceiver module includes top and bottom housings (1, 2), a chassis (3), a receptacle (4), a PCB (5), an optoelectronic subassembly (6), and a shielding shell (9). The optoelectronic subassembly is received in the receptacle. The shielding shell is fixed on the PCB, and encases a transmitting circuit on the PCB. The chassis is attached to the PCB with screws, and accommodates and protects the PCB. The top housing is attached to the chassis and the receptacle. The top and bottom housings are attached together, encapsulating therein the receptacle, the chassis, the PCB and the shielding shell. The shielding shell provides EMI protection and ESD shielding, and reduces electrical crosstalk. The module also forms multiple grounding paths between a grounding circuit of the PCB and the top and bottom housings.

Abstract: A switch employs two or more parallel optical switch fabrics, e.g., arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG), combined with a set of transmitter cards. Each transmitter card has a tunable laser and two or more modulators, each configured to modulate a different copy of the output of the laser with a different set of data. Outputs of the modulators in each transmitter card are coupled to a set of corresponding input ports in the AWGs. A set of receiver cards, each receiver card having the number of receivers matching that of modulators in the transmitter cards, is coupled to output ports of the AWGs, such that each receiver card receives signals from a set of corresponding output ports in the AWGs. Each transmitter card can be configured to send data to any receiver card by setting the wavelength of its laser to the value corresponding to the set of output ports in the AWGs coupled to that receiver card. A parallelized optical switch may be optimized based on a desired set of criteria, e.g.

Abstract: At least one of two slab waveguides constituting an arrayed waveguide grating is cut and separated together with a substrate on a cross separating face. A slide moving member is arranged over a waveguide forming area formed on the substrate including the separating slab waveguide and a waveguide forming area formed on the substrate including the separating slab waveguide. Temperature dependence of the center wavelength of the arrayed waveguide grating is reduced by slide-moving the separating slab waveguide by the slide moving member along the cross separating face dependently on temperature. The shift of an initial center wavelength is corrected by plastically deforming the slide moving member so that the initial center wavelength is conformed to a grid wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention provides in part an optical backplane for use with a communications equipment chassis, an optical communications system including the optical backplane, and a method of use therefor. The optical backplane, in one embodiment of the invention, may include a reflector system coupled to a wall of a communications equipment chassis and having a signal incidence surface and a signal reflective surface. The signal incidence surface may be positioned on the wall and optically alignable with a transmitter positioned within the communications equipment chassis. Further, the signal reflective surface may be positioned on the wall and optically alignable with a receiver positioned within the communications equipment chassis.

Abstract: A luminescence crystal particle which emits light upon irradiation with an energy beam and which has a crystal defect density of 5×107 defects/cm2 or less in a region located from the surface of the luminescence crystal particle to a portion as deep as the energy beam reaches.

Abstract: A PDP operates with high luminous efficiency and reproduces colors faithfully. When sealing the PDP, a sealant layer (15) is formed around the facing main surfaces of the front panel (10) and the back panel (20). Protrusions (16) and depressions (17) are formed in parts of the sealant layer (15) to produce gaps (18) at the periphery of the PDP. The heating performed to soften the sealant layer (15) is conducted in a dry gas atmosphere. As a result, moisture passes from the inner space of the PDP through the gaps (18) and out of the PDP, thereby reducing the heat deterioration in the blue phosphor layer (25).

Abstract: The system includes a fixed wavelength laser and a tunable wavelength laser as inputs. Respective input optical fibers receive the inputs and transmit them to a first position proximate a location on a surface to be interrogated. Respective fiber coupling optics deliver the inputs to the interrogated location on the surface. The inputs are alignable so that their surface locations of optical illumination overlap on the interrogated location. Output fiber coupling optics receives a reflected output resulting from a three-wave mixing process occurring at the interrogated location. An output optical fiber receives an output of the output fiber coupling optics and transmits the output to a desired position from the interrogated location.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display (EL) device including a transparent substrate, a first electrode unit formed on the transparent substrate in a predetermined pattern and made of a transparent conductive material, an organic EL unit including organic layers having a predetermined pattern, stacked on the first electrode unit, a second electrode unit corresponding to the first electrode unit, formed on the organic EL unit in a predetermined pattern, and an encapsulation layer to encapsulate the first electrode unit, the organic EL unit and the second electrode unit to protect the same, the encapsulation layer including a first component and a second component made of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), aluminium (Al), silver (Ag) and platinum (Pt).

Abstract: Methods are provided for upgrading a Ki1×Kj1 optical wavelength cross connect to a Ki2×Kj2 optical wavelength cross connect without taking the cross connect out of service. Each Ki×Kj cross connects has a working fabric with multiple optical components and has a protection fabric. The working fabric receives optical traffic from Ki input optical signals and transmits Kj output optical signals. The protection fabric is configured to bypass at least one of the optical components in the event of a fault. The upgrade of the Ki1×Kj1 optical wavelength cross connect proceeds by upgrading the protection fabric to accommodate at least Ki2 input optical signals. Sequentially, each of the optical components included on the working fabric is upgraded. The optical traffic received by that optical component is bypassed to the protection fabric. Thereafter, that optical component is upgraded to accommodate at least Ki2 input optical signals.

Abstract: A starting aid for a metal halide lamp uses iodine and an inert gas instead of mercury so that the entire metal halide lamp may be mercury-free. The starting aid is a UV enhancer that includes a UV-transmissive capsule with a cavity in which iodine and an inert gas are sealed, wherein the iodine emits UV radiation when excited to reduce a starting voltage of the lamp.

Abstract: Piezoelectric members are arranged in a rectangular array of 32 columns and 32 rows and a polyimide film is sandwiched at front and back sides thereof by spacers having through-holes formed only around cross-points of optical waveguides therebetween. An end of a piezoelectric member in the shape of a plate is fixed to the polyimide film with the spacer interposing therebetween. As an opening/closing operation mechanism for a cut section for change-over between propagation directions of light, there is used piezoelectric member constituted of a piezoelectric element capable of pressing a region around a cross-point point of optical waveguides from one side to the other side. With such a construction adopted, there can be obtained an optical switch capable of not only reducing an optical loss, but also preventing a change-over abnormality and burning from occurring and in addition, capable of further downsizing.

Abstract: A ferrule for optical connector has a body in which lines of fiber holes are arranged in a plurality of tiers. A cavity is formed in the body, and its bottom connects with the respective inlets of the fiber holes. The bottom of the cavity is a tiered bottom designed so that the respective inlet positions of the fiber holes are differentiated in stages between adjacent lines of the fiber hole array. The tiered bottom is formed having guide grooves that extend toward the respective inlets of the fiber holes in the same column of the fiber hole array. An opening is formed in a position of the outer surface of the body parallel to rows of the fiber hole array. The opening allows the tiered bottom to be exposed through the outer surface of the body.

Abstract: Bubble stability within an optical switch is enhanced by controlling the expansion or movement of a bubble from a liquid-containing trench into available adjacent spacing. Typically, the adjacent spacing is formed between an optical waveguide substrate and a heater substrate, where the heater substrate includes a microheater for forming the bubble. The bubble enhancement is provided by intentionally altering surface features along at least one of the substrates.

Abstract: The invention is a device for measuring angle of slant surface of an optical component and a method used therein. The slant surface of the optical component faces exactly toward the slant surface of a standard GRIN Lens and the optical component is spaced from the standard GRIN Lens by a fixed distance. Laser beams are irradiated into the vertical surface of the standard GRIN Lens and then generate two oval projections on a screen by reflection off the slant surface of the standard GRIN Lens and the slant surface of the optical component, respectively. Therefore, the angle of the slant surface of the optical component can be obtained according to the specification of the standard GRIN Lens and the dimensions of the two oval projections.

Abstract: The lamp of the invention has three lead rods (6, 7, 8) and two filament structure bodies (13). Each of the two filament structure bodies has three filaments (13a, 13b, 13c). All the filaments (13a, 13b, 13c) are arranged around the outside of the three lead rods (6, 7, 8). Since light from each of the filaments (13a, 13b, 13c) reaches outside of the lamp (1) without the light travel being hindered by the three rods (6, 7, 8), the light from the filaments (13a, 13b, 13c) is uniformly radiated.

Abstract: A solid-state area illumination light source includes a rigid support; a flexible substrate attached to the rigid support; an organic light emitting diode (OLED) layer deposited on the flexible substrate, the organic light emitting diode layer including first and second electrodes for providing electrical power to the OLED layer; an encapsulating cover covering the OLED layer, first and second conductors electrically connected to the first and second electrodes, and extending beyond the encapsulating cover for making electrical contact to the first and second electrodes by an external power source; and a base connected to the rigid support, the base being adapted to be removably received by a socket and having first electrical contacts for making electrical connection to the first and second conductors of the light source, and second electrical contacts for making electrical connection to conductors in the socket.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an image display element having a resin substrate that holds a display functional portion on which images are displayed, having: an inorganic film forming step of forming inorganic films on both surfaces of the resin substrate, and a dehydration step of dehydrating the resin substrate before or after the inorganic film forming step, wherein the resin substrate subjected to the inorganic film forming step and the dehydration step and an other substrate are bonded to each other by a sealing material, and then the sealing material is cured by heating at least the resin substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a producing apparatus and a producing process which make it possible to obtain effectively an organic EL display device capable of suppressing the generation of dark spots for a long time even in a high temperature environment. Therefore, an apparatus for producing an organic EL display device comprises a first unit for carrying a supporting substrate in, a second unit for heating at least the supporting substrate before forming an organic luminescence medium, thereby performing a dehydration treatment, a third unit for forming the organic luminescence medium and an upper element, and a fourth unit for sealing the periphery of the apparatus with a sealing member, wherein the first unit is arranged between the second unit and the third unit, a first carrying device is set up in the first unit, and a second carrying device is arranged between the third unit and the fourth unit.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube (CNT) field emission display has a cathode substrate having a cathode layer patterned on a glass substrate. The surface of the cathode layer is defined as a plurality of electron-emitting areas apart from each other, and a plurality of CNT structures is grown on the plurality of electron-emitting areas respectively.

Abstract: A cathode system includes an impregnated pellet and a conductive cup, which has substantially cylindrical sides. The conductive cup has an open end sized to receive the impregnated pellet and a closed end. The closed end has an internal surface and an external surface. The cathode system also includes a second conductive cup. The second conductive cup also has substantially cylindrical sides, an open end and a closed end. The cathode system further includes a similar third conductive cup. The three conductive cups are electrically coupled together. For construction of the cathode, the first conductive cup receives the impregnated pellet following coupling of the three conductive cups.