Abstract: In order to improve the light emitting efficiency of a surface-discharge type color PDP, a sustaining electrode is divided into a plurality of electrodes formed in respective different layers. Lower electrodes 121 and upper electrodes 122 in different layers are formed as electrode pairs, an upper dielectric layer 14 is formed on the upper electrodes 122 in an upper layer to make a dielectric layer on the surface-discharge electrode pair thin to thereby maintain the discharge sustaining voltage low and obtain high light emitting efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a field emission device and a method of fabricating the same. The method includes forming a hole having a nanometer size using silicon semiconductor process and then forming an emitter within the hole to form a field emission device. Therefore, the present invention can reduce the driving voltage and thus lower the power consumption.

Abstract: There is provided a technique for obtaining a light emitting device in which no copy-in is caused in the case of a method of manufacturing a light emitting device having a glossy cathode. When an uneven portion is formed on the surface of a cathode which is in contact with an organic layer in a pixel portion, incident light is reflected in all directions. Further, since an insulating film having a high light absorption property is formed in a driver circuit portion, the copy-in becomes invisible to the observer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal picture screen provided with a backlight system which comprises at least one gas discharge lamp and at least one capacitive coupling system with a dielectric material with the composition [A′a1n1+A″a2n2+ . . . An′annn+] [B′b1m1+B″b2m2+ . . . Bm′bmmn+]O3, wherein the cations A′a1n1+A″a2n2+ . . . An′annn+ comprise at least one or several of the cations chosen from the group of Ba2+, Pb2+, Sr2+ and Ca2+, as well as possibly one or several of the cations chosen from the group of Cs1+, Rb1+, Tl1+, K1+, Pb2+, Ag1+, Sr2+, Na1+, Bi3+, La3+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Ce3+, Cd2+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, Gd3+ and Sm3+, and the cations B′b1m1+B″b2m2+ . . .

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a spark plug, the spark plug includes: a cylindrical metal shell having a portion to be caulked and a tool-engaging portion that is to be attached on an engine; an insulator that is inserted into the metal shell and extends axially; and a caulking metallic mold, the method including caulking the portion to be caulked to be fixed to an outer circumferential face of the insulator with the caulking metallic mold, where in the caulking metallic mold includes a face, the face including a hard carbon film that includes an amorphous carbon phase, and the face is contact with or sliding to the portion to be caulked.

Abstract: A field emission electron-emitting device in which an electron beam diameter is small and an electron emission area is large, with which highly efficient electron emission is possible at a low voltage, and which can be easily manufactured. Also provided is an electron source and an image-forming apparatus that use the electron-emitting device. An opening is formed to penetrate through a first electrode layer and a first insulating layer, and a second insulating layer is included in the opening. The second insulating layer is provided with an opening having a taper such that an opening area gradually decreases from the first electrode layer side to the second electrode layer side. A third electrode layer is provided between the second insulating layer and the second electrode layer. The third electrode layer is also provided with an opening, in which an electron-emitting layer comprised of an electron-emitting material is formed.

Abstract: A plate for a plasma display panel includes a plate member formed of a transparent material, a series of electrodes formed in a predetermined pattern on the plate member, and a dielectric layer formed on the plate member to cover the electrodes, wherein the electrodes are formed of a dielectric first component, and a metallic second component of at least one metal selected from a group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), tungsten (W), tantalum (Ta), copper (Cu), and platinum (Pt).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an arc tube having a light emitting tube portion, a first pinch seal portion, and a second pinch seal portion, all formed on a quartz glass tube. The first and second pinch seal portions are disposed on both sides of the light emitting tube portion. The quartz glass is provided almost vertically with the first pinch seal portion down. A thermal insulating plate is provided in a boundary position between the light emitting tube portion and a portion to be pinch-sealed in an outer peripheral space of the quartz glass tube. Liquid nitrogen is jetted from a cooling nozzle provided obliquely below the light emitting tube portion toward the same, thereby cooling the light emitting tube portion. The portion to be pinch-sealed is heated with a burner, and pinch-sealed with a pincher immediately thereafter.

Abstract: A structure for damping vibration of a shadow mask fitted to a mask supporting body in a flat cathode ray tube is provided. The structure includes a plurality of damper wires each fastened under tension to the mask supporting body for strapping the shadow mask between beam pass through holes in the shadow mask. The damper wires and the shadow mask are configured such that a first order natural frequency of vibration of the damper wire falls outside a range within ±10% of a third order natural frequency of vibration of the shadow mask. The structure improves vibration damping, reduces the number of required components and simplifies the fabrication process.

Abstract: A color selection apparatus for a cathode ray tube, having a panel as a front glass that is formed to be flat, including a pair of supporting members disposed to be separated by a predetermined distance, a pair of elastic members disposed between the supporting members to be coupled with the supporting members, and a mask coupled with the supporting members and formed with a plurality of electron beam passing apertures, the elastic members having a plurality of overlapped plate members, so that it becomes possible to maintain a tension of the mask formed with the plurality of electron beam passing apertures optimally by varying the shapes of the elastic members.

Abstract: An inductively coupled high-frequency electron source is disclosed having a plasma chamber, which is open at least at a first end, the total surface of the open regions of the plasma chamber defined by A0, and having a gas inlet for a gas to be ionized, as well as a high-frequency coil. The interior wall of the plasma chamber is formed at least partially by conductive regions which are connected with a current source, the total surface of the conductive regions defined by Ac, and the ratio of the surface amounts A0 to Ac not exceeding a defined maximal value.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices. More specifically, it is directed to organic photovoltaic devices, e.g., organic solar cells. Further, it is directed to an optimized organic solar cell comprising multiple stacked subcells in series. High power conversion efficiency are achieved by fabrication of a photovoltaic cell comprising multiple stacked subcells with thickness optimization and employing an electron blocking layer.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube comprising an electron gun. The electron gun has electrodes which are secured to supports by connecting elements. The width of the connecting elements varies. As a result, the high-voltage behavior of the cathode ray tube is improved.

Abstract: In a photomultiplier tube 1, an etching technique is used to form electron multiplying holes 8a in plate-shaped dynodes 8 that are stacked in multiple layers. To perform this etching process, a pattern frame 22 is disposed around a plate-shaped dynode substrate 20. A bridge portion 23 is provided for connecting the pattern frame 22 to an edges 20a of the dynode substrate 20. The dynode substrate 20 is masked, and the etching process is performed to form a plurality of electron multiplying holes 8a in the dynode substrate 20. Subsequently, the bridge portion 23 is cut near the dynode substrate 20, leaving a small bridge remainder 8c on the edge 8b of the dynode 8.

Abstract: A shadow mask for a color cathode ray tube provided which includes an effective surface part having a plurality of slots formed therein for passing electron beams, and an edge part extended from the effective surface part and welded to a frame fitted to a panel in a cathode ray tube. The shadow mask is tensed in any one of an x- and y-axis directions. An interval of welding spots on the edge part is fixed according to a thickness of the shadow mask and a pitch of slots of the shadow mask. The interval of welding spots is in a range of approximately 11 to 15 times the thickness of the shadow mask. The welding spots on the edge part has an aspect ratio in a range of approximately 1.0 to 2.6.

Abstract: To ensure reliable electric contact, a discharge lamp has a tubular lamp vessel (1), a lamp base (4) and lamp electrodes (2, 3) which are applied to the wall of the lamp vessel (1) and in each case have an electrode section (20, 30) which is arranged outside the interior (11) of the lamp vessel (1) and serves as supply lead. The electric base contacts (5, 6) are connected in each case to an electrically conductive spring element (8, 9), each spring element (8, 9) bearing against the wall of the at least one tubular lamp vessel (1) and making an electric contact between in each case one electrode section (20, 30), arranged outside the lamp vessel (1), and a base contact (5, 6).

Abstract: An apparatus for determining both total and partial pressures of a gas using one common electron beam includes a partial pressure ionization region and a total pressure ionization region separated by a grid or aperture. A filament produces a plurality of electrons which are focused into an electron beam by a repeller and an aperture or an anode. The interaction between the electron beam and molecules of the gas within the partial pressure and total pressure regions produces first and second ion streams. A focus plate is biased such that the first ion stream is directed to an analyzer which calculates the partial pressure of the gas. An ion collector collects the ions from the second ion stream, where the resulting reference current is used to determine the total pressure of the gas.

Abstract: An electron gun for a cathode ray tube includes a triode having cathodes, a first grid and a second grid, one or more third grids through which electron beams emitted from the cathode pass, a fourth grid opposing the third grids and forming a main focus lens with the third grid, a shield cup connected to the fourth grid and supplying a high voltage to the fourth grid, and a correction grid disposed between the fourth grid and the shield cup and having R, G, and B beam through holes arranged along a line. The R and B beam through holes have openings with asymmetrical shapes that are symmetrical with respect to each other and relative to the straight line, balancing astigmatisms and improving resolution.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an indirectly-heated cathode structure including inserting a heater into a mold, injecting a thermoplastic resin into the space of the mold to embed the heater in the thermoplastic resin, inserting the heater embedded in the thermoplastic resin into a sleeve having a cap on an end, connecting the sleeve and the heater using a support body to assemble a cathode structure, and heating the cathode structure to remove the thermoplastic resin from the cathode structure. Therefore, in an indirectly-heated cathode structure, deviation of a heater from a center position in a sleeve can be prevented, and it is easy to adjust the gap between a heater, a sleeve, and a cap. Thus, the heater can be positioned at a desired position inside the sleeve, preventing current leakage due to a breakdown in the heater. In particular, the sleeve and the cap can be uniformly heated, reducing a local difference in thermion emitting density.

Abstract: A phosphor having the following formula: (Ba1-a-b-cCaaSrbMc)O.xMgO.yAl2O3 wherein M is at least one element selected from Eu, Tm, Lu and Mn, and a, b, c, x and y satisfy the following conditions: 0<a≦0.01, 0<b≦0.01, 0.01≦c≦0.3, 0≦x≦2.2, and 0≦y≦12.0; emits visible light under excitation by ultraviolet light of 100 nm to 400 nm. The phosphor is useful in display devices and light sources.