Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing microfibrillated cellulose, where a suspension comprising cellulose derivative in a liquid phase which comprises an organic solvent is provided. The suspension of cellulose derivative is mechanically treated and microfibrillated cellulose is obtained. At least a part of the liquid phase from the microfibrillated cellulose is separated and microfibrillated cellulose with a dry solids content of >30 weight-% is obtained.

Abstract: A method for a curing cycle of an inorganic thermoset resin, the method comprising: (a) adding a hardener in a concentration from 18 to 30% by weight of the resin to said inorganic thermoset resin and (b) curing the resin at a temperature from 110 to 120° C. An inorganic thermoset resin, comprising a hardener in a concentration from 18 to 30% by weight of the resin. A vehicle interior panel, comprising a composite comprising a composite matrix of a natural fibre set within an inorganic thermoset resin.

Abstract: A catalyst including, as effective ingredient, complex represented by Formula (1) which contains bidentate ligand including aromatic heterocyclic 5-membered ring having 2 or more nitrogen atoms, or represented by Formula (2) which contains bidentate ligand including: aromatic heterocyclic 5-membered ring having 2 or more nitrogen atoms; and 6-membered ring having 1 or more nitrogen atoms, isomer or salt of the complex: where M1 and M2 denote transition metal such as iridium; X1 to X16 each independently denote nitrogen or carbon; R1 to R13 denote, for example, hydrogen atom, alkyl group, or hydroxy group, provided that when Xi (where i denotes 13 to 16) is nitrogen, Ri is absent at position corresponding to the nitrogen; L1 and L2 denote, for example, an aromatic anionic ligand; Z1 and Z2 denote any ligand or are absent; and m and n denote positive integer, 0, or negative integer.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain implementations is a catalysis composition that includes a metal catalyst and a support material impregnated with the metal catalyst.

Abstract: A method of separating a saccharide from an aqueous product solution of the cellulose hydrolysis process is provided. The aqueous product solution comprises a saccharide and a cellulose swelling agent. The cellulose swelling agent is zinc chloride, magnesium chloride or a combination thereof. The method comprises the following steps in the given order: (a) adding a first tertiary amine and an optional first organic solvent to the aqueous product solution to provide a mixture; (b) performing a solid-liquid separation to obtain a solution from the mixture; and (c) performing a liquid-liquid extraction by adding a second tertiary amine and a second organic solvent to the solution, and then removing the organic phase and collecting the aqueous phase, wherein the first tertiary amine and the second tertiary amine are the same or different, and the first organic solvent and the second organic solvent are the same or different.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a catalyst for hydrocracking that is capable of decreasing the content of oxygen components contained in hydrocarbons synthesized from a vegetable fat or oil, an animal fat or oil, and/or a coal liquefaction oil each containing at least one selected from a fatty acid, a fatty acid ester, and an alkylphenol compound, and a hydrocarbon production method using the same. The catalyst for hydrocracking of the present invention contains a carrier containing a porous oxide, and nickel and molybdenum supported on the carrier, the catalyst for hydrocracking being subjected to a hydrogen reduction treatment, and having a mass ratio (X/(X+Y)) of a nickel content (X) in terms of nickel oxide (NiO) to the sum of the nickel content (X) in terms of nickel oxide (NiO) and a molybdenum content (Y) in terms of molybdenum oxide (MoO3) of 0.5 or more and 0.9 or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating lignin, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a) dissolving lignin into an aqueous composition, which contains a compound selected from the class of phenols and alkali, while keeping the temperature of the composition at 40-85° C., wherein the alkali comprises a hydroxide of an alkali metal; and b) heating the composition at a temperature, which is higher than the temperature of the composition in step a), with the proviso that the temperature of the composition does not exceed 100° C., while keeping the pH of the composition at a pH value of 6-14.

Abstract: A method to make a phosphorus modified zeolite can include providing a zeolite including at least one ten member ring in the structure, steaming the zeolite, mixing the zeolite with one or more binders and shaping additives, and then shaping the mixture. The method can include making a ion-exchange. The shaped mixture can be steamed. Phosphorous can be introduced on the catalyst to introduce at least 0.1 wt % of phosphorus, such as be dry impregnation or chemical vapor deposition. A metal, such as calcium, can be introduced. The catalyst can be washed, calcinated, and then steamed. The steaming severity (X) can be at least about 2. The catalyst can be steamed at a temperature above 625° C., such as a temperature ranging from 700 to 800° C. The catalyst can be used in alcohol dehydration, olefin cracking, MTO processes, and alkylation of aromatics by alcohols with olefins and/or alcohols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of reducing a catalyst utilized in a hydrogen plant. More specifically, the invention relates the reduction of a catalyst employed in the steam methane reformer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing a phosphorus-containing catalyst, in which a steam treatment of the catalyst is effected, and to the catalyst obtainable thereby, and to the use thereof in a process for preparing olefins from oxygenates. The steam treatment of the catalyst typically precedes modification of the catalyst with a phosphorus compound.

Abstract: A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of methane steam reforming using a nickel/alumina nanocomposite catalyst. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of carrying out methane steam reforming using a nickel/alumina nanocomposite catalyst wherein nickel metal nanoparticles are uniformly loaded in a high amount on a support via a melt infiltration method with an excellent methane conversion even under a relatively severe reaction condition of a high gas hourly space velocity or low steam supply, and to a catalyst for this method. In addition, the present invention prepares a nickel/silica-alumina hybrid nanocatalyst by mixing the catalyst prepared by the melt infiltration method as the first catalyst and the nickel silica yolk-shell catalyst as the second catalyst, and applies it to the steam reforming of methane to provide a still more excellent catalytic activity even under the higher temperature of 700° C. or more with the excellent methane conversion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for dry reforming of at least one alkane carried out in at least one reaction chamber, preferably with a catalytic bed, having a stream of gas passing through same. According to the invention, said at least one reaction chamber comprises a catalytic solid which is cyclically and alternatively exposed to a stream of at least one alkane and a stream containing carbon dioxide, such that said catalytic solid is used as an oxidation vector.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for utilizing a hydrocarbon-comprising and/or carbon dioxide-comprising coproduct gas, accompanying gas and/or biogas, wherein hydrocarbon-comprising and/or carbon dioxide-comprising coproduct gas, accompanying gas and/or biogas is introduced into a reaction space and the multicomponent mixture comprised in the coproduct gas, accompanying gas and/or biogas is converted in a high-temperature zone at temperatures of more than 1000° C. and in the presence of a carrier into a product gas mixture which comprises more than 95% by volume of CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4 and N2 and optionally into a carbon-comprising solid which is deposited to an extent of at least 75% by weight, based on the total mass of the carbon-comprising solid, on the carrier where the flow velocity of the gas mixture of coproduct gas, accompanying gas and/or biogas in the reaction zone is less than 20 m/s.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a naphtha-selective hydrocracking catalyst comprising of from 3 to 4.8% wt of molybdenum, calculated as metal, and of from 1.5 to 3% wt of nickel, calculated as metal, which comprises loading a refractory oxide support comprising an alumina binder component and a zeolite Y component in a content of from 65 to 75 wt % based on the total weight of the catalyst, with nickel and molybdenum in the presence of citric acid, wherein the zeolite Y component has a unit cell size in the range of from 24.42 to 24.52 ?, a SAR in the range of from 8 to 15, and a surface area of from 850 to 1020 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method for separating starch from processing solutions containing starch containing plants or roots such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, wheat, corn, tapioca, yams, cassaya, sago, rice, pea, broad bean, horse bean, sorghum, konjac, rye, buckwheat and barley to provide commercially acceptable starch while reducing disposal of solid or liquid waste matter into landfills or water treatment facilities.

Abstract: A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.

Abstract: An improved process for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in a dual fluidized bed reactor for producing synthesis gas is disclosed. The disclosure uses ?-alumina as a catalyst support i and heat carrier in the gasification zone (102). The gasification zone (102) is operated at 700-750° C. to prevent substantial conversion of ?-alumina to ?-alumina, which would manifest in the enablement of high catalyst loading and high recyclability. The catalyst is an alkali metal, preferably K2CO3, so that conversion proportional to total K2CO3 to solid carbon ratio is achieved with as high K2CO3 loading as 50 wt % on the solid support. The combustion zone (140) is operated at 800°-840° C., to prevent any conversion of the ?-alumina to ?-alumina, so that catalyst recyclability of up to 98% is achieved between two successive cycles.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for producing syngas with an adjustable molar CO/H2 ratio. Syngas can have different proportions of CO and H2 (molar CO/H2 ratio) depending on the type and composition of starting materials. To set the desired molar CO/H2 ratio, a first sub-process is combined with at least one additional sub-process selected from: a sub-process T2 by which a second syngas B is generated from the starting material, the syngas having a molar ratio (V2) of CO to H2, wherein V1?V2; a sub-process T3 by which the hydrocarbon(s) of the hydrocarbon-containing starting material is/are split substantially into solid carbon and hydrogen; and a sub-process T4 based on the reaction equation: CO+H2O?2CO2+H2. The methods and devices are suitable for producing syngas useful as a starting material in a plurality of chemical syntheses, for example oxo, Fischer-Tropsch, or Reppe syntheses.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a zeolite catalyst, methods of making same, and its use in the catalytic cracking of naphtha for the production of lower molecular weight olefins and alkanes, while minimizing production less desirable products. A zeolite is modified by base leaching and by the addition of a metal cation, thereby lowering the Si/Al2 ratio and improving the stability of the formed catalyst.