Abstract: A microelectronic assembly is made by providing flexible leads extending between two components, and moving the components in a vertical direction away from one another so as to deform the leads to a more vertical configuration. Restraining straps extending between the components constrain the movement and assure that the leads are not pulled away from the components during the process. The restraining straps may also cause the components to move with a component of motion in a horizontal direction during the vertical movement, thereby deforming the leads to a curved configuration.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having an inter-layer insulation film that allows a refractory metal to be easily etched and that well covers high side walls of a gold plate and a fabrication method thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: A heterostructure interband tunneling diode includes a contact layer comprising indium gallium arsenide of a first conductivity type, an injection layer comprising indium gallium arsenide of a second conductivity type, a first doped layer of the first conductivity type positioned adjacent to the contact layer, and a second doped layer of a second conductivity type juxtaposed between the first doped layer and the injection layer, wherein at least one of the first and second tunnel barrier layers comprises indium aluminium arsenide. A second embodiment includes a doped layer of the first conductivity type positioned adjacent to the contact layer, and a barrier layer positioned adjacent to the injection layer, and a quantum well layer comprising indium gallium arsenide juxtaposed between the doped layer and the barrier layer, wherein at least one of the doped and barrier layers comprises indium aluminium arsenide.

Abstract: A partially formed semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first layer, a layer of polysilicon, and a grown layer of polysilicon. The first layer is positioned above at least a portion of the substrate. The layer of polysilicon is positioned above at least a portion of the first layer and has a first opening formed therein. The first opening has a first width that is defined by a plurality of sidewalls. The grown layer of polysilicon is positioned adjacent at least the plurality of sidewalls and the grown layer of polysilicon defines a second opening. The second opening has a second width with the second width being less than the first width. A method for partially forming a semiconductor device includes forming a process layer above at least a portion of a substrate. A layer of polysilicon is formed above at least a portion of the process layer. An opening is formed in the layer of polysilicon, and the opening has a first width that is defined by a plurality of sidewalls.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device and method for enabling the writing of a print format and a trimming magnification onto a film surface using a simple construction. Film information comprising a print format set using a format setting switch 10 and a trimming magnification set using a trimming setting switch 11 is converted into three-bit data by a data conversion circuit 26 inside a controller 25. This information is input to an LED light emission controller 27. Photoemitter elements 17 and 18 are located in the feeding path for the top and bottom edge areas of the film F, and a LED light emission controller 27 causes the photoemitter elements 17 and 18 to emit light during a series of image recording operations, whereby the film information is written onto the top and bottom edge areas of the film F. By optically writing the print format information and the trimming information onto the film F, both items of information can be easily written onto the film surface without making the device complex.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device is provided comprising an integrated circuit pad, an internal integrated circuit, and an ESD protection circuit. The internal integrated circuit is conductively coupled to the integrated circuit pad so as to define a primary electrical path from the integrated circuit pad to the internal integrated circuit. The ESD protection circuit is conductively coupled to the integrated circuit pad so as to define a secondary electrical path from the integrated circuit pad to the ESD protection circuit. The ESD protection circuit comprises a semiconductor structure arranged to define a doped silicon substrate, a drain region, a source region, an electrically insulating region, and a gate structure. The drain region is formed in the silicon substrate and is conductively coupled to the integrated circuit pad via the secondary electrical path. The source region is formed in the silicon substrate and is conductively coupled to a relatively low electrical potential.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device having a high voltage transistor, a first well region of the high voltage transistor is formed in a semiconductor substrate as a channel region. The first well region has a first conductive type. Second well regions of the high voltage transistor are formed in the semiconductor substrate as a source region and a drain region to sandwich the first well region. The second well region has a second conductive type. A surface of the first region and surfaces of the second well regions have a flat plane.

Abstract: When the scanning of a mask stage and a substrate stage is started, an interferometer measures the position of the substrate stage, while an interferometer unit differentiates the output of the interferometer to give a speed signal on the substrate stage, and delivers this speed signal. A main control unit produces a target value for the amount of exposure light adapted to this speed signal. A light amount adjustment system adjusts the amount of exposure light from an exposure light source in response to the target value calculated by the main control unit. Thus, exposure with appropriate amount of light adapted to the speed of the substrate stage is performed over all of the time zones from the start of drive of the substrate stage in the scan direction until its standstill. Hence, the exposure time can be shortened, and the throughput can be increased, in comparison with exposure being performed only in the constant speed zone of the stage.

Abstract: A method is provided for storing information related to a photographic film unit that includes a local data memory such as magnetic media or an electronic memory unit. In the method, a logical memory unit and the film unit are associated. The logical memory unit is physically remote from the film unit. Exposure-independent information for the film unit is written to the logical memory unit. Exposure-dependent information is written to the local data memory.

Abstract: A structure and method for making copper interconnections in an integrated circuit are described. The structure is a damascene copper connector whose upper surface is coplanar with the upper surface of the insulating layer in which it is embedded. Out-diffusion of copper from the connector is prevented by two barrier layers. One is located at the interface between the connector and the insulating layer while the second barrier is an insulating layer which covers the upper surface of the connector. The damascene process involves filling a trench in the surface of the insulator with copper and then removing the excess by chem.-mech. polishing. Since photoresist is never in direct contact with the copper the problem of copper oxidation during resist ashing has been effectively eliminated.

Abstract: A film support and circuit board assemblage for a camera includes a film support which has a group of film supporting projections that each project an identical height from a film facing side of the film support, and a circuit board which has a raised part. The film support has a film supporting projection that projects from the film facing side the same height as the group of film supporting projections and that is hollow to form an open cavity in an opposite side of the film support. The circuit board is arranged next to the opposite side of the film support, with the raised part protruding into the cavity to make the camera compact.

Abstract: A zoom lens barrel in a camera is driven by a drive motor via a zoom drive gear train and a lens barrel gear train. A finder optical system, which is interlocked with the zoom lens barrel, is driven by the drive motor through the zoom drive gear train, a finder drive gear train, a friction clutch mechanism and a finder cam. Since the finder optical system is driven via the friction clutch mechanism, a phase adjustment between the lens barrel and the finder optical system is easily performed. The camera is easily assembled without paying particular attention to zoom position deviation in the finder optical system.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for testing wind and trip in camera units for use with photographic film. Each camera unit encloses and defines a film path and includes a film driven preset member and a film spindle. The preset member extends into the film path. In the method, the film spindle of the camera unit is wound; and, in tandem with the winding, a film surrogate is propelled along the film path from a position upstream from the preset member to a position downstream from the preset member. During the propelling, the film surrogate is maintained in the film path.

Abstract: A photofinishing system includes film units, a remote look-up table, and photofinishing apparatus. The photofinishing apparatus has a reader to read identifiers on the film units, a communicator to interface with the look-up table to poll the table for photofinishing parameters for the film units, and a processor that generates digital images responsive to the photofinishing parameters. In a method, a film unit containing a plurality of captured images is received. A remote look-up table having a logical memory unit uniquely associated with the film unit is accessed. The logical memory unit designates a plurality of photofinishing parameters for the film unit. The film unit is processed responsive to the photofinishing parameters. Information about the processing of the film unit is recorded in the logical memory unit.

Abstract: A field-of-view frame switching device has a rectangular fixed field-of-view frame and a plurality of light-shielding members for covering portions of the rectangular fixed field-of-view frame so as to vary the size of the actual field-of-view frame. The light-shielding members are composed of a first pair of oppositely arranged light-shielding members and a second pair of oppositely arranged light-shielding members. The field-of-view frame switching device also has a coupling member for coupling the light-shielding members together in such relation that, when the first pair of light-shielding members are positioned closer to each other to narrow the actual field-of-view frame, the second pair of light-shielding members are positioned wide apart from each other and that, when the first pair of light-shielding members are positioned wide apart from each other, the second pair of light-shielding members are positioned closer to each other to narrow the actual field-of-view frame.

Abstract: A camera for thrusting a film from a film cartridge by rotationally driving a spool in the film cartridge has a measuring construction for measuring the amount of the film thrust from the film cartridge, a sensing construction for sensing the position of a leader of the film thrust from the film cartridge, and a determining circuit for determining whether the film is moving properly, based on the measured thrust amount of the film and the sensed position of the leader of the film.

Abstract: A flash camera has an extendable arm mechanically coupled to a flash on/off switch. The arm extends from the camera body when the switch is on the “on” position, and automatically retracts and returns the switch to the “off” position if the extended arm is bumped or touched. The arm also serves to provide a visual indication that the flash switch is in the “on” position.

Abstract: A panoramic image capture aid is formed in a photographic camera to assist a photographer in recording a series of film images that can be combined to form a panoramic image. The capture aid includes a viewing window on the camera, a first stripe indicator coupled to a film advance mechanism for moving with each film advance, and a second stripe indicator coupled to a compass for indicating the direction the camera is pointing. The first and second stripe indicators are supported on transparent rings concentrically arranged relative to the camera body such that their stripes intersect in the viewing window when the camera is properly positioned for the next image in the series of images.

Abstract: A diopter adjustment lens is provided with a follower pin on the edge thereof, and is arranged inside a cylinder provided with a guide groove engaging with the follower pin. A diopter adjustment dial, which is integrated with a diopter adjustment ring, is rotatably fitted on the cylinder. The diopter adjustment ring is provided with a cam face, and the follower pin of the diopter adjustment lens is brought into contact with the cam face through the guide groove in the cylinder. Rotating the diopter adjustment dial moves the diopter adjustment lens forward and backward thereby adjusting the diopter of the finder unit.

Abstract: In a film feed device using a film having two perforations per frame, a perforation width and a perforation interval which are detected by one perforation sensor during a film feed operation are measured as times by timers in a microcomputer or as film moving amounts by a perforation detection circuit. When the time or the film moving amount measured as this perforation interval is less than the value obtained by multiplying the perforation width by a predetermined value, the film feed operation is stopped by a motor driving circuit and a motor. With this operation, even if the film position deviates from a predetermined position at the start of a film feed operation, the film can be accurately aligned with a correct position by using one perforation sensor.