Abstract: Novel DNA sequences have been acquired from pea plants which are central in the defense of pea plants against root rotting pathogens and other pathogens of plants species such as potato pathogen. A method is described for protecting dicaryotic plants (e.g. potato) transformed with reconstructions of these seqeunces which utilize the unique nature of their promoter (regulatory DNA sequence) sequences to enable them to respond to pathogen challenge in transgenic plants. This manipulated response resulting from expression of the coded structural gene assists in maintaining host cell viability and thus assists disease resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 mutants which fail to produce any functional thymidine kinase as a result of a deletion and/or insertion in the EHV-1 thymidine kinase gene.

Abstract: A method and probes for specifically and sensitively detecting, identifying, and quantitating any organism category or group of organisms containing RNA in a sample is disclosed. The nucleic acids of the organisms present in the sample are brought together with a marked probe comprising nucleic acid molecules which are complementary only to nucleic acid containing sequences complementary to RNA sequences known to be conserved in an organism, category or group of organisms. The probe in sample nucleic acid mixture is incubated under nucleic acid hybridization conditions and then assayed to determine the degree of hybridization that has occurred. Hybridization indicates the presence and identity of the organism, category or group of organisms in the sample. The quantity of RNA present in the sample can be determined and compared to that normally present in the known organisms to determine the number of organisms present. Batteries of sequentially more specific probes can also be utilized.

Abstract: Factor VII of the coagulation cascade is modified to act as an anticoagulant. Amino acid modifications are employed to produce a modified Factor VII having a substantially reduced susceptibility to activation by enzymes which typically activate wild-type Factor VII. The modified Factor VII is able to compete with wild-type Factor VII and/or VIIa for binding tissue factor, inhibiting clotting activity. As the modified Factor VII acts specifically to interrupt the coagulation cascade, pharmaceutical compositions of modified Factor VII may be administered in place of, or in conjunction with lower doses of, conventional anticoagulant therapies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mammalian cell line useful for retroviral packaging comprising two plasmids, the first such plasmid comprising in 5' to 3' order: a DNA sequence comprising a 5' long terminal repeat (LTR); a mutated .psi. packaging sequence; a DNA sequence comprising the encoding portion of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MULV) env gene; and the second such plasmid comprising in 5' to 3' order: a DNA sequence comprising a 5' long terminal repeat (LTR); a mutated .psi. packaging sequence; a DNA sequence comprising the encoding portion of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MULV) gag and pol genes; a selectable marker; and an origin of replication.The invention also relates to processes for preparing a producer cell line useful for transferring a gene of interest into recipient mammalian cells in vitro.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for producing antibodies against an antigen of interest. Animal cells are exposed to both the antigen of interest and a recombinant retroviral vector. The vector contains a combination of oncogenes capable of inducing plasmacytomas. Plasmacytoma formation takes place rapidly and takes place in the presence of the antigen. A very high proportion of the plasmacytomas that are recovered are antigen specific.

Abstract: The present invention uses aerosol beam technology to accelerate either wet or dry aerosol particles to speeds enabling the particles to penetrate living cells. Aerosol particles suspended in an inert gas are accelerated to a very high velocity during the jet expansion of the gas as it passes from a region of higher gas pressure to a region of lower gas pressure through a small orifice. The accelerated particles are positioned to impact a preferred target, for example, a plant or animal cell or bacterial culture. When the droplets include DNA or other macromolecules, the macromolecules are introduced into the cells. The particles are constructed as droplets of a sufficiently small size so that the cells survive the penetration. Once introduced into the target cell the macromolecules can elicit biological effects. Because the method of introduction is a physical one, the biological barriers that restrict the application of other DNA transfer methods to a few plant species and a few cell types are not present.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns novel methods and compositions for thrombolytic therapy. More specifically, a receptor with high affinity for plasmin has been characterized, purified, cloned, and expressed. This receptor can be used in combination therapies where it is administered prior to, concurrently with, or after a plasminogen activator. Also, this receptor can be bound to plasmin and administered to humans or animals in need of fibrinolytic activity. Additionally, the invention pertains to a novel immobilized form of plasmin which advantageously accumulates at the point where antifibrinolytic activity is needed.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for enzymatically converting lower alkyl alcohols to corresponding aldehydes and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of oxygen under process conditions which increase the catalytic capacity of alcohol oxidase enzymes. Such process conditions involve low temperatures, high substrate concentrations and an enriched supply of oxygen. Enzymes may be used in the form of whole cells, a soluble cell free extract or a highly purified fraction, and the process may be employed in batch or continuous operation.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the introduction of foreign substances, such as recombinant DNA, into living cell interiors is disclosed. The desired substance to be introduced is dissolved or suspended in water or another suitable liquid to form a solution which is then nebulized and frozen to produce ice particles. These ice particles are accelerated toward and impact upon a target tissue where some of the particles impregnate at least some cells in the target tissue without killing the cells. Following impregnation, the ice particles melt, leaving behind the desired substance in the protoplasm of the bombarded cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated recombinant DNA molecule which comprises a structural gene coding for a Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor from Vigna unguiculata. The invention also relates to a recombinant DNA plasmid comprising the Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor from Vigna unguiculata inserted in a DNA vector and a Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Abstract: A retrovirus and related method used in producing a model for evaluating the antiretroviral effects of drugs and vaccines includes the steps of removing T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a first simian primate which has developed disease over a first period of time, the disease being attributable to the retrovirus, and placing the retrovirus into a second simian primate to induce acute disease in the second simian primate over a second period of time which is shorter than the first period.

Abstract: A process for producing chimeric antibodies using novel recombinant DNA vectors and homologous recombination in vivo is described. The recombinant DNA constructs of the invention can be used to transfect antibody producing cells so that targeted homologous recombination occurs in the transfected cells leading to gene modification and the production of chimeric antibody molecules by the transfected cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel Type II restriction endonuclease obtainable from Bacillus coagulans. The endonuclease known as Bcg I, recognizes the following nucleotide sequence and has a cleavage point at both ends outside of its recognition sequence: ##STR1## to produce a 34 base pair fragment. Also described is a process for obtaining purified Bcg I from Bacillus coagulans, as well as processes for mapping chromosomal DNA and methods for reducing background in transformants with enzymes such as Bcg I.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an .about.0.8 kb Sac II restriction fragment of phage FP43, which confers the pin phenotype. The present invention allows transduction at high m.o.i. using the phage FP43 high frequency transduction system.

Abstract: Novel transcription initiation regions that provide for enhanced transcription of a DNA sequence, particularly a plant sequence, are provided.

Abstract: A rabbit model for testing anti-AIDS therapeutic agents, vaccines, and HIV-1 infection is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of oligo- and polydeoxyribonucleotides by synthesizing the complementary strand of a single-stranded DNA piece enzymatically, in the presence of deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates in a cloning vector.

Abstract: Methods and materials for inducing anhydrobiosis in entomogenous nematode infective juveniles and then maintaining and storing them in an apparently anhydrobiotic state are described. Infective juveniles are induced into an anhydrobiotic state at relatively high relative humidity prior to optional lowering of the ambient relative humidity for storage and shipment. Suitable containers are also disclosed.

Abstract: Synthetic DNA coding for horseradish peroxidase includes the following sequence: ##STR1## and incorporates useful restriction sites at frequent intervals to facilitate the cassette mutagenesis of selected regions. Also included are flanking restriction sites to simplify the incorporation of the gene into any desired expression system.