Abstract: This invention relates generally to method for producing products, particularly alcohols, by microbial fermentation. In particular, the invention relates to methods for increasing the efficiency of the fermentation, by providing a method for treating the used fermentation broth to produce a treated permeate which is then passed back to the bioreactor. The invention provides a method whereby at least one treatment step used to treat the permeated, produces a gaseous product which is then used in one or more stages of the fermentation process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing aniline or products that are obtained by further chemical reaction of aniline (aniline derivatives), involving decarboxylation of aminobenzoic acid, particularly ortho-aminobenzoic acid, in which one portion of the previously formed crude aniline is recirculated in the decarboxylation step. The aminobenzoic acid is obtained enzymatically or chemically, preferably enzymatically.

Abstract: Provided herein, inter alia, are compositions and methods for culturing mammalian cells. In certain aspects, the composition is a medium containing one or more of a lithium ion source, one or more fatty acids, and/or ethanol. Use of any of the cell culture media described herein to culture cells that have been genetically engineered to produce one or more recombinant polypeptides (for example, antibodies) can result in increased titers, a more favorable glycosylation profile, and/or modulated (e.g. decreased) amounts of high and low molecular weight species, and/or modulated (e.g. decreased) amounts of acidic or basic charge variants, compared to cells cultured in a medium that does not contain one or more of a lithium ion source, one or more fatty acids, and/or ethanol.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to systems and methods for treating certain oxidative stress conditions. In one aspect, compositions and methods of the invention can be used to treat a subject having an oxidative stress condition, for example, a subject having pulmonary fibrosis. In some embodiments, an inhibitor of ERp57 (for example, thiomuscimol) and/or an inhibitor of GSTP (for example, TLK-199) may be used to treat the subject. Also provided in certain aspects of the present invention are kits for such therapies, methods for promoting such therapies, and the like.

Abstract: Living cellular material may be preserved by incubating the cellular material in a culture medium containing at least one glycolipid, and then subjecting the cellular material to a preservation protocol.

Abstract: The present invention provides tissue scaffolds, methods of generating such scaffolds, and methods of use of such scaffolds to generate aligned and functional tissues for use in methods including regenerative medicine, wound repair and transplantation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stable probiotic composition containing Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 exhibiting increased viability over wide range of pH and the use of flow cytometry method to enumerate the viable count of Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 under various environmental conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among oilier things, compositions and methods for CNS delivery of lysosomal enzymes (e.g., recombinant human arylsulfatase A (rhASA)) for effective treatment of lysosomal storage diseases (e.g. Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Disease), In some embodiments, the present invention includes a stable formulation for intrathecal administration comprising an ASA protein and a poloxamer, wherein less than 3% of the ASA protein exists in aggregated form.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for efficiently inducing CD8-positive T cells by adding vitamin C to the medium in the steps of induction of the CD8-positive T cells from pluripotent stem cells. The present invention also provides a method for efficiently inducing CD8-positive T cells by performing culture in a medium supplemented with an adrenocortical hormone agent in the step of induction of the CD8-positive T cells from CD4/CD8 double-positive T cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining the clinical prognosis of a human subject to the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells (preferably mesenchymal stem cells), stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among other things, compositions and methods for CNS delivery of lysosomal enzymes for effective treatment of lysosomal storage diseases. In some embodiments, the present invention includes a stable formulation for direct CNS intrathecal administration comprising an arylsulfatase A (ASA) protein, salt, and a polysorbate surfactant for the treatment of Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Disease.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of inducing spatial organization of cells an in vitro culture system using ultrasound technology. The invention is further directed to methods of inducing extracellular matrix remodeling and neovessel formation in an in vitro culture system and generating vascularized engineered tissue constructs using ultrasound technology.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of differentiation, isolation, propagation, and storage of small colony variants (SCVs) of E. coli, preferably E. coli 83972 or E. coli HU2117, or modified or variant forms thereof, and methods for using the prepared SCV bacteria to establish probiotic biofilms in treated subjects and/or on treated medical devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique which enables organization of bone marrow cells by a simple method in a short period of time. A method for preparing a bone marrow cell aggregate, comprising adding a liquid containing a bone marrow cell population to a medium containing a swellable material and culturing the bone marrow cell population in the presence of the swellable material. A method for reassembling a bone marrow tissue, comprising adding a liquid containing a bone marrow cell population to a medium containing a swellable material and culturing the bone marrow cell population in the presence of the swellable material. According to common knowledge in the art, it has been considered difficult to reorganize once disintegrated bone marrow tissue without changing the cell composition (that is, without adding any adherent cell or extracellular matrix which will work as a “connecting material (binder)”). Indeed, it was impossible to aggregate bone marrow cells by conventional methods.

Abstract: Medicaments and therapeutic compositions comprise Red Yeast Rice extract and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof, e.g., DHA, derivatives of DHA, EPA, derivatives of EPA or mixtures thereof. One source of the fatty acids or derivatives thereof is fish oil. The compositions are useful for lowering cholesterol and/or triglyceride levels in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a culture medium and a process for producing proteases with collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity by bacteria of the genus Clostridium. Particularly, the present invention refers to an animal product-free culture medium for C. histolyticum, characterized by comprising non-animal origin peptones, preferably vegetable peptones, yeast extract and the amino acids cysteine and arginine. The present invention also refers to a process for producing Clostridium histolyticum liquid culture supernatant comprising one or more proteases with collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity, and pharmaceutical composition comprising as active ingredient the supernatant or the supernatant optionality purified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing, from wood-based biomass, a high concentration of fermentable sugar which can be effectively used in culturing various industrial fermented bacteria. According to the method of the present invention, biomass can be extracted by hot water prior to a pre-treatment so as to remove extractible substances such as mineral salts to thus minimize the content of impurities in raw materials for an enzymatic saccharification. The biomass from which substances extractible by hot water are removed is pre-treated in the condition where xylan yield rate is maximized, thus achieving maximum inhibition of the generation of over-decomposed products of sugar.

Abstract: This invention reveals the potential applications of modified porcine plasma fibronectin that could be applied as a safe material for clinical wound healing and tissue repair. In order to seek safe sources of plasma fibronectin for practical consideration in wound dressing, this invention isolated and modified fibronectin from porcine plasma and demonstrated that modified porcine plasma fibronectin has similar ability as homo plasma fibronectin being as a suitable substrate for stimulation of cell adhesion and directed cell migration. The present invention also reveals a material and a pharmaceutical composition enhance wound healing.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining blood brain barrier (BBB) damage and treating patients who may have suffered from BBB damage due to an ischemic event are provided. The methods and apparatus involve detecting the presence of cleaved occludin fragments in a sample of blood. According to some embodiments, the method further provides determining the degree of BBB damage based on the concentration of occludin fragments in the sample. In further embodiments the present disclosure provides kits for detecting the presence of occludin fragments in a blood sample.

Abstract: Methods for treating joint diseases, disorders, and conditions, such as osteoarthritis, with a composition containing a therapeutically effective amount of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are provided. The composition can contain TIMPs as part of amniotic fluid, or the TIMPs can be isolated from another source or recombinantly produced. The methods are particularly useful for treating osteoarthritis associated with degradation of articular cartilage by proteases. Also provided are methods of lubricating a joint, such as an osteoarthritic joint.