Abstract: Thin-walled, light glass containers formed by the press and blow process may be strengthened by(1) exposing the internal surface of said containers to the action of an agent capable of decreasing the amount of extractable alkali from said surface at an elevated temperature immediately after the blowing process but before the annealing process;(2) passing the containers through the annealing station; and(3) subjecting the external and internal surfaces of said glass containers to a treatment of exchanging sodium ions in the surface portion with potassium ions to form a compressive stress layer in said surface portion.

Abstract: A method is described for making molds for the casting of resin ophthalmic lenses having segments of prismatic optical effect. A first mold surface is formed in a first blank. A second blank, having a recess therein shaped to the outline of the desired lens segment, is adhered to the first blank's mold surface. A second mold surface is then formed in the blank resulting from the connection of the first and second blanks. The first and second mold surfaces are each portions of surfaces of revolution having first and second axes of symmetry, respectively. The second surface has an effective center of curvature on the second axis. The second surface is so formed in the resulting blank that the first and second axes, if they intersect, do so at a location on the second axis other than at substantially the center of curvature of the second surface.

Abstract: Glass-crystalline material has dielectric properties close those of alumina ceramics (dielectric constant is 10 and dielectric loss factor (3-5) 0.10.sup.-4 at a frequency of 10.sup.10 Hz). The material contains, for example, the following ingredient in weight percent:SiO.sub.2 --31--45;Al.sub.2 O.sub.3--20--30;MgO--5--15;TiO.sub.2 --15--25;CeO.sub.2 --7.0--8.5;La.sub.2 O.sub.3 --3.0--4.6,and other oxides of rare earth elements in addition to the mentioned above -- 3.0-4.6.When producing the material, the initial glass is heated at a rate of 60.degree.-300.degree./hr up to 1,200.degree. C. and held for 3-6 hours at this temperature while crystallization proceeds.

Abstract: Two sections of a multiple section-type of glass forming machine are disclosed in which each section is comprised of a single parison forming station and two blow molding stations with a pair of transfer arms for alternately transferring and reverting the formed parisons from the parison station to the blow molding stations. A take-out means is provided for each blow molding station to move the blown ware to a dead plate. A sweepout device moves the ware from the cooling dead plate to a conveyor. A common conveyor for all of the forming machine sections is provided for conveying the ware away from the sections which are physically arranged as in-line forming machine sections.

Abstract: A process for the production of a gradient photochromic glass article comprising the selective over-nucleation of a limited portion of the article followed by a photochromic development heat treatment of the entire article, and the product of this process, are described.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the preparation of glass articles containing silver ions which exhibit thermoplastic properties and may, optionally, demonstrate photosensitivity to ultraviolet radiation. Such articles are produced through the exchange of Ag.sup.+ ions for Na.sup.+ and/or K.sup.+ ions in a hydrated Na.sub.2 O and/or K.sub.2 O--SiO.sub.2 glass. The articles will demonstrate photosensitivity when the compositions thereof also contain halide ions.

Abstract: The disclosure is of apparatus including two pairs of metal gripping blocks held together by a spring and mounted adjacent to wedge blocks carrying wedges for opening each pair. An operating plate is provided which drives the apparatus to cause the wedge blocks to open the gripping blocks to permit a length of capillary tubing filled with mercury to be inserted between the pairs of gripping blocks. The apparatus is then driven to cause the tubing to pass through a flame positioned to melt the tubing at a desired location and to form two separate seal portions at this location which are gripped by the two gripping blocks; and, on the next cycle, when the gripping blocks are opened, the portion of the tubing which is the desired capsule is released from its pair of gripping blocks and fed to a suitable receiver.

Abstract: Glass photomasks having a stained pattern within the glass for use in photolithographic processes are made by exposing and developing a photoresist on a sheet of glass and subsequently migrating stain-producing ions, such as silver and/or copper, into the surface of the glass under the influence of an electric field and moderately elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Glass lenses or lens blanks, containing all the ingredients necessary to produce phototropic or photochromic behavior, are treated in a conventional production furnace to produce a locally variable heat treatment, wherein at least one portion thereof is raised to a temperature exceeding the glass strain point but not the softening point, and other portions are heated to variable temperatures decreasing from the strain point. The treatment causes development of phototropic or photochromic behavior only in those portions of the lenses or lens blanks exposed to the temperature above the strain point.

Abstract: A method of producing alkali-resistant mineral wool. The starting material is melted and formed into fibers and the fibers are cooled and collected. The raw material has the following composition:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 40-60 wt. % Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 1-15 wt. % CaO 1-6 wt. % MgO 30-45 wt. % Iron oxides 1-8 wt. % Alkali oxides maximum 2 wt. % Other oxides maximum 2 wt. %. ______________________________________The raw material preferably includes olivine.

Abstract: Glassware forming apparatus includes a first arm for supporting a first neck ring and a second arm for supporting a first blow head. The first and second arms are supported from a vertical column for projection along its axis and for independent pivotal movement about the axis. The apparatus also includes a parison mold and two blow molds. Each of the blow molds is divided into two portions, the portions of each mold being joined at a hinge. The axis of each hinge extends generally parallel to the column axis. Apparatus is provided for opening and closing the molds, and for pivoting and projecting the first and second arms to convey glassware blanks supported by the neck ring alternately to the two blow molds from the parison mold, and to move the blow head between the two blow molds to blow the glassware blanks into articles of glassware.

Abstract: Glassware forming apparatus includes a turret mounted for rotation about, and projection along, a vertical axis. First, second, third and fourth arms are rigidly mounted on said turret to extend horizontally and radially outwardly. The first arm supports a first neck ring. The second arm supports a second neck ring. The third arm supports a first blow head. The fourth arm supports a second blow head. The apparatus further includes a parison mold and first and second blow molds. Each of the blow molds is divided into two mold portions joined along a vertical hinge. The axes of the blow mold hinges extend generally parallel to the turret axis.

Abstract: A method of treating ophthalmic quality lenses or lens blanks that produces a reversible progressive local variation in phototropic behavior with a continuous variation in transmissivity. The lens or lens blank is composed of a potentially phototropic glass containing all the necessary ingredients including uniformly dispersed silver halide particles therein to develop a phototropic behavior during the heat treatment of the present method. The steps of the present method include mounting the lens or lens blank in carrier means, heating the lens or lens blank thus mounted in a heat treatment furnace at a temperature sufficient to develop the phototropic behavior of the potentially phototropic glass. Characteristically the required heat treatment temperature to develop this phototropic behavior is one which exceeds the strain point of the glass but not the softening point thereof.

Abstract: A polycrystalline article is densified to provide either a nonporous body or a body with controlled interconnected porosity. A mixture of fine powders of the polycrystalline material and a sintering aid is compacted and outgassed under reduced pressure. The outgassed compact is then subjected to a permeation anneal step in which it is heated in a closed chamber to a temperature sufficient to form a liquid of the sintering aid, but under pressure conditions which inhibit evaporation of the sintering aid. The sintering aid can then be leached out to provide a densified article having interconnected porosity. Alternatively, the sintering aid can be leached out at elevated temperature, further densifying the compact to form a substantially nonporous body. Alternatively, the sintering aid can be removed by subjecting the densified article to an evaporation anneal step in which the article is heated to evaporate the sintering aid, further densifying the compact to form a substantially nonporous article.

Abstract: The present invention is founded upon the fundamental discovery that anhydrous silicate materials can be formed into solid bodies which are hydrated or wherein the silicate structure is depolymerized by protonic reagents other than water. Such bodies can be produced by compression molding the anhydrous silicate material with water or other protonic reagent at elevated temperatures and high pressures.

Abstract: A process for welding two glass members together to form a weld bead through which connecting wires extend. The glass members are first brought into intimate contact with metal parts which can be heated by a high frequency current. The glass members are held close to one another with the wires disposed in the space between them, and the glass is then melted until it welds by heating the metal parts with the aid of high-frequency heating coil windings surrounding the metal parts.

Abstract: Low thermal expansion ceramics of essentially 100 percent cordierite solid solution are prepared by the devitrification of a glass frit compact having the nominal composition in weight percent 16 percent MgO, 30 percent Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 54 percent SiO.sub.2. These ceramics exhibit adequate density and strength and are useful for example in the fabrication of gas turbine engine components such as rotor vanes and heat exchangers.

Abstract: A closed liquid cooling system is provided within a mold body and pressurized to a desired extent so as to control the amount of heat removed from a glass-contacting mold wall portion through nucleate boiling, while simultaneously creating a thermal-siphon effect to avoid film boiling which would create an undesirable vapor insulating layer adjacent such mold wall.

Abstract: Apparatus for glazing bases of electric bulbs comprising a number of combined tools on the circumference of a continuously rotating rotor, the combined tools consisting of coaxially arranged upper and lower parts, a mold being formed by the lower part. The apparatus includes means for feeding molten glass and for pressing it by the upper part, means for checking the presence of base sleeves and contacts at the working station, and means for removing excess glass in the course of the pressing operation. The apparatus includes means for ejecting a sleeve from the lower part of any tool which does not contain a contact, and means for preventing the feeding of glass to any tool which does not contain a sleeve.

Abstract: Glass or glass-ceramic vessels are formed with a pouring lip wherein wall portions of the vessel below the lip are of a thinner construction than the remaining wall portions so as to impede glass flow to the lip area and facilitate uniform glass flow to upper portions of the vessel during the forming process.