Abstract: The present invention provides a process for methanol coupled catalytic cracking reaction of naphtha using a modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst, comprising performing a co-feeding reaction of methanol and naphtha on the modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst to produce low carbon olefins and/or aromatic hydrocarbons. In the process, the modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst comprises, in term of weight percent, 25-80 wt % of a ZSM-5 molecular sieve, 15-70 wt % of a binder, and 2.2-6.0 wt % of lanthanum and 1.0-2.8 wt % of phosphorus loaded on the ZSM-5 molecular sieve. The naphtha comprises 63.8-89.5 wt % of saturated chain alkanes and 5.6-29.8 wt % of cyclic alkanes. The naphtha and methanol concurrently pass through the catalyst bed, which are reacted during contacting with the catalyst under a reaction condition of a reaction temperature of 550-670° C., a mass ratio of methanol to naphtha of 0.05-0.8, and a total mass space velocity of naphtha and methanol of 1.0-5 h?1.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for fluid catalytic cracking. The process can include withdrawing a catalyst from a reaction vessel to replace a catalyst inventory over a period of about 10- about 35 days for maximizing propylene yield.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing oligomers from an alkane. The process comprises (a) contacting an alkane under dehydrogenation conditions in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst such as an iridium catalyst complex comprising iridium complexed with a benzimidiazolyl-containing ligand to form olefins, and (b) contacting the olefins prepared in step (a) under oligomerization conditions with an oligomerization catalyst such as a nickel, platinum or palladium metal catalyst complex comprising the metal complexed with a nitrogen containing bi- or tridentate ligand to prepare oligomers of the olefins, and hydrogenating the olefin oligomers. In one embodiment, the ligands of the catalyst complexes in step (a) and step (b) can be the same.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of an alcohol to an olefin is disclosed. The process may include: contacting at least one C2 to C5 alcohol with an organic acid in the presence of an esterification catalyst to convert at least a portion of the at least one C2 to C5 alcohol and the organic acid to an ester; at least one of catalytically and thermally degrading the ester to form an organic acid and an olefin.

Abstract: Selective, radically initiated oxidative decarboxylation may produce low viscosity renewable fuels from biologically derived fats and oils. Fatty acids and triglycerides may be decarboxylated using oxidants at a water/oil interface. The oxidants may be produced using photo-Fenton reagents. The reaction advantageously can be carried out at room temperature and pressure and has fewer unwanted byproducts than traditional decarboxylation techniques.

Abstract: The present technology describes methods and systems for an improved quench tower. Some embodiments improve the quench tower's ability to recover particulate matter, steam, and emissions that escape from the base of the quench tower. Some embodiments improve the draft and draft distribution of the quench tower. Some embodiments include one or more sheds to enlarge the physical or effective perimeter of the quench tower to reduce the amount of particulate matter, emissions, and steam loss during the quenching process. Some embodiments include an improved quench baffle formed of a plurality of single-turn or multi-turn chevrons adapted to prevent particulate matter from escaping the quench tower. Some embodiments include an improved quench baffle spray nozzle used to wet the baffles, suppress dust, and/or clean baffles. Some embodiments include a quench nozzle that can fire in discrete stages during the quenching process.

Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for controlling air distribution in a coke oven. In a particular embodiment, a coke oven air distribution system comprises an oven chamber having an oven floor configured to support a coal bed, a plurality of sidewalls extending upward from the oven floor, and an oven crown covering a top portion of the oven chamber. The air distribution system further includes an air inlet positioned above the oven floor and a distributor proximate to the inlet. The inlet is configured to introduce air into the oven chamber and the distributor is configured to at least one of preheat, redirect, or spread air within the oven chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and equipment for converting C3+ olefin to, e.g., one or more of di-C3+ olefin, oligomers and polymers of C3+ olefin, branched C4+-aldehydes, C4+-carboxylic acids, and C4+ oxygenates. The invention encompasses producing methyl tert-butyl ether and diisobutylene, and converting methyl tert-butyl ether to isobutylene.

Abstract: A process is presented for the purification of 1,3 butadiene. The process is for treating a butadiene stream from an oxidative dehydrogenation unit, where a butane stream is dehydrogenated, generating a butadiene rich stream. The butadiene rich stream is fractionated and passed through a butadiene recovery unit. Additional C4 compounds recovered from the fractionation bottoms stream are further processed for increasing yields of butadiene.

Abstract: In an attempt to conduct an effective conversion of bioethanol into gasoline rich in aromatics and iso-paraffins, a ZSM-5 type zeolite with special features such as nano crystalline size and acidity has been synthesized. The catalyst (NZ) exhibits highest gasoline yield of about 73.8 wt % with aromatics and iso-paraffins as major components. The product measures Research Octane Number (RON) of about 95, which is desirable for the gasoline specifications. Moreover, considerable amounts of the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) (15 wt %) and light olefins (14 wt %) are also formed as by-products that add value to the process. The nano crystalline ZSM-5 catalyst (NZ) exhibits the stability in activity in terms of bioethanol conversion and aromatics yields for the reaction time period of 40 h.

Abstract: We provide a process for making a base oil, comprising: feeding an olefin feed comprising a propylene to an oligomerization zone comprising an acidic ionic liquid catalyst prepared from an organic-based cation; and tuning an oligomerizing step in the oligomerization zone by mixing a C6+olefin with the propylene in the oligomerization zone to increase a viscosity index of the base oil. We also provide a process for making a base oil, comprising tuning an oligomerizing step by mixing a C6+olefin with a propylene in an oligomerization zone comprising an acidic ionic liquid catalyst prepared from an organic-based cation to increase a viscosity index of the base oil produced in the oligomerization zone; wherein the base oil has selected properties.

Abstract: A feed device for a distillation tower has an annular, open-bottomed channel located around the periphery of the feed zone of the tower with an inner wall spaced from the inner curved wall of the tower and a top covering the channel to confer a generally inverted-U shape to the cross section of the channel. One or more tangential feed inlets are provided to admit a heated, mixed phase feed to the tower and direct the feed into and along the channel. One or more vapor scoops are provided for each feed inlet with the scoop(s) located on the inner wall of the channel at a sufficient distance along the channel from the inlet to permit cyclonic separation of vapor and liquid before the vapor in the feed from the inlet enters the scoop(s) and passes through a vapor exit port into the central core of the tower.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for producing an olefin through decarbonylation of a carboxylic acid having a ?-hydrogen atom or a derivative thereof in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one metal element selected from Groups 9, 10, and 11 metals under conditions with a concentration of carbon monoxide of not less than 41 mmol/L.

Abstract: The present invention discloses processes for oligomerizing a monomer containing internal olefins using a solid acid catalyst. Illustrative monomers can contain at least 50 wt. % C6 to C24 internal olefins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for revamping an HF or sulphuric acid alkylation unit to an ionic liquid alkylation unit, wherein the HF or sulphuric acid alkylation unit comprise at least: —a reactor unit for contacting catalyst and hydrocarbon reactants; —a separator unit for separating a reactor effluent into a catalyst phase and an alkylate-comprising hydrocarbon phase; —a fractionator unit for fractionating the alkylate-comprising hydrocarbon phase into at least one stream comprising alkylate; —a catalyst phase recycle means to recycle at least part of the catalyst phase from the separator unit to the reactor unit; which method includes: —adapting the catalyst phase recycle means by providing a means for acid injection and/or a means for halohydrocarbon injection into the catalyst recycle means. The invention further provides a method for the production of alkylate.

Abstract: The present invention is the use of a catalyst in a MTO process to convert an alcohol or an ether into light olefins wherein said catalyst comprises a phosphorus modified zeolite and is made by a method comprising the following steps in this order, a) the essential portion of the phosphorus is introduced into a zeolite comprising at least one ten members ring in the structure, b) the phosphorus modified zeolite of step a) is mixed with at least a component selected among one or more binders, salts of alkali-earth metals, salts of rare-earth metals, clays and shaping additives, b)* making a catalyst body from mixture b), c) an optional drying step or an optional drying step followed by a washing step, d) a calcination step, d*) an optional washing step followed by drying, e) optionally a small portion of phosphorus is introduced in the course of step b) or b)* or at end of step b) or b)*.

Abstract: A process for production of propylene can include simultaneously subjecting isobutanol to dehydration and skeletal isomerization to make a mixture of n-butenes and iso-butene. The n-butenes can be subjected to methathesis. The process can include introducing isobutanol into a dehydration/isomerization reactor and contacting the isobutanol with a catalyst at conditions effective to dehydrate and skeletal isomerase the isobutanol to make a mixture of n-butenes and iso-butene. A mixture of n-butenes and iso-butene can be recovered and fractionated to produce an n-butenes stream. The n-butenes stream can be sent to a methathesis reactor and contacted with a catalyst at conditions effective to produce propylene. A stream can be recovered from the methathesis reactor that includes propylene, unreacted n-butenes, heavies, and optionally unreacted ethylene. The stream can be fractionated to recover propylene, and the unreacted n-butenes and unreacted ethylene can optionally be recycled to the methathesis reactor.

Abstract: The invention provides for the steam of a solvent to reach the space of an extractor following two possible routes thus exposing the sample to a continuous flow of fresh solvent, causing the extractant fluid to be fed through the sample by its upper and lower ends, which increases the extraction radius and as result a high percentage of the extracted component is obtained, reducing substantially the amount of solvent used and therefore reducing the processing time.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for converting hydrocarbons to olefins products such as ethylene and propylene. The invention also relates to polymerizing the olefins, and to equipment useful for these processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and equipment for converting C3+ olefin to, e.g., one or more of di-C3+ olefin, oligomers and polymers of C3+ olefin, branched C4+-aldehydes, C4+-carboxylic acids, and C4+ oxygenates. The invention encompasses producing methyl tert-butyl ether and diisobutylene, and converting methyl tert-butyl ether to isobutylene.