Abstract: A resonator element includes a quartz crystal substrate including a first surface along an X axis which is an electrical axis, a second surface along the X axis, and a side surface, a first excitation electrode, a second excitation electrode, a first coupling electrode, a second coupling electrode, a first extraction electrode that couples the first excitation electrode and the first coupling electrode, and a second extraction electrode that couples the second excitation electrode and the second coupling electrode. In plan view, a virtual extension region is obtained by extending the first excitation electrode along the X axis.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a piezoelectric vibration element that includes preparing a piezoelectric substrate; providing a first electrode layer on a first main surface of the piezoelectric substrate; arranging a mask on a side of the first main surface of the piezoelectric substrate, the mask including a center region and a peripheral region located along a periphery of the center region; and irradiating a radiation beam through the mask toward the first main surface of the piezoelectric substrate such that a larger amount of the radiation beam passes through the peripheral region than the center region of the mask so as to remove a part of the first electrode layer to form a first excitation electrode that decreases in thickness from the center region to the peripheral region of the mask on the first main surface of the piezoelectric substrate.

Abstract: A crystal resonator (101) includes: a piezoelectric resonator plate (2) on which a first excitation electrode and a second excitation electrode are formed; a first sealing member (3) that covers the first excitation electrode of the piezoelectric resonator plate (2); and a second sealing member (4) that covers the second excitation electrode of the piezoelectric resonator plate (2). The first sealing member (3) is bonded to the piezoelectric resonator plate (2) while the second sealing member (4) is bonded to the piezoelectric resonator plate (2) so that an internal space (13), which hermetically seals a vibrating part including the first excitation electrode and the second excitation electrode of the piezoelectric resonator plate (2), is formed. Plating films (51, 52) are formed respectively on both the first sealing member (3) and the second sealing member (4), on respective surfaces opposite to surfaces to be bonded to the piezoelectric resonator plate (2).

Abstract: A crystal oscillator includes: a crystal resonator plate having a first excitation electrode and a second excitation electrode. A first sealing member covers the first excitation electrode of the crystal resonator plate. A second sealing member covers the second excitation electrode of the crystal resonator plate. An internal space is formed by bonding the first sealing member to the crystal resonator plate and the second sealing member to the crystal resonator plate, and seals a vibrating part of the crystal resonator plate. First and second shield electrodes are connected to a fixed potential (e.g. GND potential) in the internal space.

Abstract: A frequency variable oscillator generates a clock having a frequency according to a control signal. A reference current source generates a reference current. A path selector distributes the reference current to a first path and a second path in a time-sharing manner in synchronization with the clock. An F/V conversion circuit includes a capacitor connected to the first path, and charges or discharges the capacitor with the reference current and generates a detection voltage. The reference voltage source includes a resistor connected to the second path, and outputs a reference voltage according to a voltage across the resistor. A feedback circuit adjusts a control signal so that the detection voltage approaches the reference voltage.

Abstract: A quartz oscillating plate comprises a substrate having a notch. Two sides of the notch respectively have a first side-electrode and a second side-electrode. The first side-electrode receives an external signal. The external signal is transmitted along the perimeter of the substrate. The notch of the substrate can increase the length of the transmission path of oscillation energy. The present invention can improve the Q value of the quartz oscillator using the quartz oscillating plate and optimize the performance of the products using the quartz oscillator.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic resonator operable in a bulk acoustic mode includes a resonator body mounted to a separate carrier that is not part of the resonator body. The resonator body includes a piezoelectric layer, a device layer, and a top conductive layer on the piezoelectric layer opposite the device layer. A surface of the device layer opposite the piezoelectric layer is for mounting the resonator body to the carrier.

Abstract: A piezoelectric component of the present disclosure includes: a substrate having a rectangular plate shape having a longitudinal direction and a width direction; a pair of electrodes disposed on a first surface of the substrate so as to leave space therebetween which is located in a central region in the longitudinal direction of the substrate; and a piezoelectric element both ends of which are fixed to the pair of electrodes, respectively, the pair of electrodes each including a notch extending from a central region side and in the longitudinal direction of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is an oscillator including: a first resonator; a second resonator; a first oscillation circuit generating a first oscillation signal by oscillating the first resonator; a second oscillation circuit generating a second oscillation signal that has frequency-temperature characteristics different from frequency-temperature characteristics of the first oscillation signal by oscillating the second resonator; a clock signal generation circuit generating a clock signal with a frequency that is temperature compensated by temperature compensation data; a storage unit storing information on a learned model that is machine-learned to output data corresponding to the temperature compensation data with respect to input data; and a processing circuit obtaining the temperature compensation data by performing processing based on the information on the learned model with respect to the input data based on the first oscillation signal and the second oscillation signal.

Abstract: A quartz crystal resonator is provided that includes a body portion with first and second main surfaces facing each other and, in plan view has a pair of long sides extending in a first direction and a pair of short sides extending in a second intersecting direction. Moreover, first and second excitation electrodes are disposed on the first and second main surfaces respectively; a frame surrounds the body portion at both ends and is separated from the both ends; and first and second coupling portions extend from the short sides in the first direction with widths of the short sides. At least one of the first and second coupling portions has a portion whose thickness in a third direction is smaller than a thickness in the third direction of a region of the body portion where the first excitation electrode and the second excitation electrode face each other.

Abstract: Masing at room temperature is achieved by an apparatus and method that utilize a microwave cavity which exhibits a resonance of sufficiently high Q-factor for maser oscillation, and a resonator structure comprising a masing medium located within a resonant element. The masing medium comprises spin-defect centres. The resonator structure is disposed within the microwave cavity. A magnetic field is applied across the masing medium. An input of microwave radiation to be amplified is coupled to the resonator structure. An optical pump pumps the masing medium, thereby causing stimulated emission of microwave photons. The microwave cavity has an effective magnetic mode volume matching the volume of the masing medium.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit arrangement comprises a gain stage and a feedback loop that includes a crystal device. A clock signal monitor circuit is connected to an output of the gain stage and detects a frequency shift in the clock signal or a loss of oscillation. The current through the gain stage is controlled in response to a control signal generated by the clock signal monitor circuit.

Abstract: A method of forming a quartz crystal resonator is provided with the resonator including a body portion with first and second main surfaces facing each other and, in plan view having a pair of long sides extending in a first direction and a pair of short sides extending in a second intersecting direction. Moreover, first and second excitation electrodes are formed on the respective main surfaces; a frame surrounds the body portion at both ends and is separated from the both ends; and first and second coupling portions extend from the short sides and with widths of the short sides. At least one of the first and second coupling portions is formed with a thickness in a third direction is smaller than a thickness in the third direction of a region of the body portion where the first excitation electrode and the second excitation electrode face each other.

Abstract: A crystal oscillator is provided. The crystal oscillator includes a crystal resonator including a pair of terminals and being capable of oscillating at a fundamental resonance frequency and at least one overtone resonance frequency. Further, the crystal oscillator includes an inverter circuit coupled between the pair of terminals. The crystal oscillator additionally includes a suppression circuit configured to suppress oscillation of the crystal resonator at the fundamental resonance frequency. Further, the crystal oscillator includes a control circuit configured to control a switch circuit for selectively coupling the suppression circuit to the crystal resonator.

Abstract: A wireless power reception device and a wireless communication method thereby are provided. The wireless communication method by the wireless power reception device may comprise the steps of: receiving a wireless power signal from a wireless power transmission device; measuring the strength of the wireless power signal; modulating the amplitude of the wireless power signal according to the measured strength of the wireless power signal; and performing communication with the wireless power transmission device by using the signal having the amplitude modulated.

Abstract: In order to improve heat dissipation from electrical components with heat-generating component structures, it is proposed to provide a radiation layer with a large surface in the area of the component structures. Preferably, the radiation layer is very heat-conductive or in heat-conductive connection with the component structures.

Abstract: A vibration element includes: a base; an arm continuous with the base; a first electrode that includes a first layer of titanium nitride and a second layer containing nitrogen, titanium, and oxygen, and is disposed on the arm; an aluminum nitride layer in contact with the second layer; and a second electrode disposed on the aluminum nitride layer.

Abstract: A clock signal is generated with an oscillator. A crystal oscillator core within the oscillator circuit is switched on to produce first and second oscillation signals that are approximately opposite in phase. When a difference between a voltage of the first oscillation signal and a voltage of the second oscillation signal exceeds an upper threshold range, the crystal oscillator core is switched off. When the difference between the voltage of the first oscillation signal and the voltage of the second oscillation signal falls below the upper threshold range, the crystal oscillator core is switched back on. This operation is repeated so as to produce the clock signal.

Abstract: A vibrator device includes a base, a relay substrate that is supported by the base, and a vibrator element that is supported by the relay substrate. In addition, the vibrator element includes a vibration substrate formed of a piezoelectric single-crystalline body and an excitation electrode disposed on the vibration substrate. In addition, the relay substrate includes a substrate formed of the piezoelectric single-crystalline body. A crystal axis of the substrate and a crystal axis of the vibration substrate are shifted from each other.

Abstract: The disclosed technology generally relates to quartz crystal devices and more particularly to quartz crystal devices configured to vibrate in torsional mode. In one aspect, a quartz crystal device configured for temperature sensing comprises a fork-shaped quartz crystal comprising a pair of elongate tines laterally extending from a base region in a horizontal lengthwise direction of the fork-shaped quartz crystal. Each of the tines has formed on one or both of opposing sides thereof a vertically protruding line structure laterally elongated in the horizontal lengthwise direction. The quartz crystal device further comprises a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the one or both of the opposing sides of each of the tines and configured such that, when an electrical bias is applied between the first and second electrodes, the fork-shaped quartz crystal vibrates in a torsional mode in which each of the tines twists about a respective axis extending in the horizontal lengthwise direction.