Abstract: A magnetic toner containing a resin which is obtained by the reaction of a compound containing epoxy radical with an amino-silane compound.

Abstract: The invention is a nonlinear or bistable optical device having a low switching energy. The invention uses a means responsive to light for generating a photocurrent, a structure having a semiconductor quantum well region, and means responsive to the photocurrent for electrically controlling an optical absorption of the semiconductor quantum well region. The optical absorption of the semiconductor quantum well region varies in response to variations in the photocurrent. A photodiode or phototransistor may be used as the means responsive to light, and may be made integral with the structure having the semiconductor quantum well region. An array of devices may be fabricated on a single chip for parallel logic processing.

Abstract: An electrographic, two-component dry developer composition comprising charged toner particles and oppositely charged, magnetic carrier particles, which (a) comprise a magnetic material exhibiting "hard" magnetic properties, as characterized by a coercivity of at least 300 gauss and (b) exhibit an induced magnetic moment of at least 20 EMU/gm when in an applied field of 1000 gauss, is disclosed.The developer is employed in combination with a magnetic applicator comprising a rotatable magnetic core and an outer, nonmagnetizable shell to develop electrostatic images.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tetrazoneum salt compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein, X stands for an anion functional group.); a disazo compound represented by the general formula (II): ##STR2## (wherein, R stands for an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitro group, halogen, a cyano group or a halomethyl group, n stands for an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3, and in case n is an integer of 2 or 3 R may be the same or different.); a method for the production thereof, and electrophotographic elements using the same or like disazo compounds as the charge carrier generating materials.

Abstract: A material consists of an electrically conducting support and a dielectric layer containing in % by weight: 17-80 of a polymeric binder and 20-83 of a finely divided mixed pyrogenic silicon and titanium oxide containing between 10 and 50% by weight of titanium.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a photosensitive layer comprising a combination of a carrier generating layer and a carrier transporting layer provided on an electroconductive support, the carrier generating layer containing a bisazo compound and the carrier transporting layer containing a styryl compound and/or an amine derivative, a hydrazone compound or a carbazole derivative.The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the present invention has a high sensitivity and can form constantly good visible images.

Abstract: Raised Xerographic printing is produced by the use of thermally intumesced electroscopic powders for the development of electrophotographic images. Intumescent electroscopic powders are belended with the powdered pigmented "ink" or "Toner" in the ink reservoir of a Xerographic copying machine. The image is formed and transferred to a paper carrier in the well-known process of Carlson, U.S. Pat. No. 2,297,691. The heat used in thermoadhesively attaching the "Toner" to the paper carrier also causes great intumescence of the intumescent powder, resulting in a raised image. The image is similar in appearance and texture to "engraving" or raised thermographic printing. It can be read by the sightless by tactile recognition. The intumescent powder used is made of vinylidene-chloride-acrylonitrile-isobutane as described by the inventor in his Disclosure Document No. 001078 filed in the U.S. Patent Office on Dec. 22, 1969.

Abstract: An improved infrared sensitive flash fusible colored toner composition comprised of (1) resin particles, (2) pigment particles selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, blue, red and green, and (3) additives selected from the group consisting of vanadyl phthalocyanines, naphthalocyanines, and the quaternary ammonium salts selected from the group consisting of 1,1',3,3,3',3 hexylmethyl-4,4',5,5'-dibenzo-2,2'-indotricarbocyanine perchlorate, 5,5'-dichloro-11-diphenylamine-3,3'-diethyl-10,12-ethylenethiatricarbocyan ine perchlorate, 1,1',3,3,3',3'-hexamethylindotricarbocyanine perchlorate, and 3,3'-di(3-acetoxypropyl)-11-diphenylamine-10,12-ethylene-5,6,5',6'-dibenzo thiatricarbocyanine perchlorate.

Abstract: An image density control method for an electrophotographic apparatus is disclosed which prepares a white pattern region and a black pattern region on a photoconductive element whose electrostatic latent images are far different from each other in potential. Values relating to image densities individually associated with the two pattern regions are sensed and, based on the sensed values, parameters relating to image processing which effect image density are controlled. When any of the sensed values does not lie in a predetermined range, it is suitably compensated.

Abstract: Disclosed are improved positively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and as a charge enhancing additive a phosphonium compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4, are selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, and substituted aryl, and A is an anion.

Abstract: A novel disazo compound is provided which is represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each stands for hydrogen, a lower alkyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted hetero ring group. R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different. And, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may mutually bond to form a ring).This disazo compound may be obtained by diazotating 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone and reacting the same with a coupler represented by the general formula (IV): ##STR2## (wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same as defined above). Further, a multilayer type electrophotographic element is provided which comprises a charge carrier generating layer and a charge transfer layer and uses, as a charge carrier generating substance, a disazo compound represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rejuvenating magnetic toner used in certain electrostatic copying machines. The used toner is placed in a container which is inserted in an air coil which is energized to produce a magnetic field which remagnetizes the toner. The coil is provided by mounting a hollow non-magnetic tube in a case and winding this tube with wire. A timing circuit energized by a momentary switch determines the length of time a magnetic field is applied to the toner being recycled.

Abstract: A dielectric fluid for electrical discharge machining which contains an ester solution. The dielectric fluid presents no fire hazard during use due to a high flash point, low combustibility and the fact that it is not easily ionizable. In addition, the dielectric is not malodorous and not toxic. The invention also encompasses a method for EDM machining using this dielectric fluid.

Abstract: A chloroaluminumphthalocyanine (CAP) colorant compound having peak absorption at about 640 nm and reduced absorption below the 640-nm peak are disclosed. CAP is useful as an electrically photosensitive compound in photoelectrophoretic imaging processes.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer of a laminate structure comprising a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer on a conductive substrate, characterized in that the charge generation layer contains an aluminum chloride phthalocyanine pigment and the charge transport layer contains a hydrazone compound represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent alkyls or are residues forming a cyclic amino group together with the nitrogen atom which links them, and R.sub.3 represents hydrogen or halogen.

Abstract: A toner, fixable sufficiently at lower temperatures to afford energy saving, particularly suitable for high speed fixing and also good in off-set resistance with a broad applicable temperature range for fixing, is obtained from a heat-fixable dry system toner comprising in a binder resin a non-linearly modified low melting polyester having an acid value of 10 to 60 obtained from components containing (A) an alkyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid and/or an alkyl-substituted diol, (B) a trivalent or more polycarboxylic acid and/or a trivalent or more polyol, (C) a dicarboxylic acid, and (D) an etherated diphenol.

Abstract: An electrophotographic light sensitive element is disclosed. The element is comprised of a photoconductive support base having provided thereon a disazo compound dispersed in a binder or a charge carrier-transporting medium. A novel group of disazo compounds are disclosed as represented by the general formula (I), (II) and (III) as defined within the specification. In addition to the light sensitive element the disazo compounds and electrophotographic compositions containing them are part of the invention disclosed. The electrophotographic light sensitive elements have high sensitivity and long durability.

Abstract: A developer for high speed heat fixing excellent in developing characteristic, fixing characteristic, off-set resistance and storage stability is obtained by a heat fixing developer of a capsule structure having the surface of a core particle, containing a binder resin having a glass transition temperature of 60.degree. C. lower and a softening point of 50.degree. to 130.degree. C. and a colorant, coated with a vinyl type polymer having a glass transition temperature of 55.degree. C. or higher, a softening point of 100.degree. to 150.degree. C., a Mw of 150,000 or more and a Mw/Mn of 5 or more.

Abstract: A magnetic toner comprises magnetic powder and a coating layer to cover said powder, the layer being a reaction product between (1) a silane coupling agent containing an amino group, an isocyanate group or an epoxy group and (2) one or more compounds having a functional group reactive with one of the reactive group on the silane coupling agent. A compound having a carboxyl group, an acid anhydride, an isocyanate compound or a ketene dimer is used for the amino group. A compound having a hydroxyl group, an amine compound or a compound having a carboxyl group is used for the isocyanate group. A compound having a hydroxyl group, a compound having a carboxyl group or a copolymer of a di- or monoalkylamino-alkyl (meth)acrylate and a hydrophobic vinyl monomer is used for the epoxy group. The magnetic toner is improved about dispersibility in a binder.

Abstract: A detector comprising an elongated strip of semiconductor material which is photoconductive by the generation of electron and hole photocarriers when an image is moved along the strip. The strip includes an active region and a readout region. A first bias current is applied through the active region of the strip thereby producing an ambipolar drift of photocarriers in the strip whose velocity substantially matches the velocity of the movement of the image along said strip. A second bias current is applied to the readout region of the strip so that the drift of the photocarriers in the readout region has a velocity which is greater than the velocity of the drift of the photocarriers in the active region of the strip, thereby decreasing the time for readout.