Abstract: Microbicidal compositions are described. The compositions comprise (a) 2-(Thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole (TCMTB) and (b) an N-alkyl heterocyclic compound of the formula: ##STR1## The variable "n" ranges from 5 to 17, and the heterocyclic ring defined by ##STR2## is a substituted or unsubstituted ring having four to eight members. Components (a) and (b) are present in a combined amount effective to control the growth of at least one microorganism. Methods for controlling the growth of microorganisms on various substrates or in aqueous systems are also described. Also described is the industrial application of the microbicidal composition in the leather industry, the lumber industry, the papermaking industry, the textile industry, the agricultural industry, and the coating industry, as well as in aqueous systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation and manufacture of 3-amino-substituted glycosylated bile acid derivatives. Novel intermediates and related compounds are also disclosed. In particular, the present invention permits the conversion of cholic acid esters to the 3-amino-7,12-bis(glucosyl)cholic acid esters via an azide intermediate. Conditions for the purification and isolation of the desired product is also disclosed to provide an overall manufacturing process suitable for large-scale production.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition contains a nitric oxide donor and advantageously an optional corticosteroid and/or topical anesthetic. The composition is useful in a method for treating anal disorders such as anal fissure, anal ulcer, hemorrhoidal disease, levator spasm, and so forth, by topical application to or proximate the affected area.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the use of sabeluzole for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of patients suffering from chronic neuro-degenerative diseases such as dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) or Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia associated with Parkinson's disease and related diseases which are characterized by progressive dementia.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, optionally substituted alkanoyl groups and alkenylcarbonyl groups, PROVIDED THAT at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents an unsubstituted alkanoyl group having from 5 to 24 carbon atoms, said substituted alkanoyl group or said alkenylcarbonyl group; and one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents a cyano group; have valuable anti-tumor activity.

Abstract: A process for producing a pharmaceutical composition is disclosed. In the process, 1 part by weight of a physiologically inert powdery additive, 0.001-1 part by weight of a macromolecular additive per part by weight of said insert powdery additive, and at least one drug substance are used as ingredients and processed en bloc by means of a multi-screw extruder. The drug substance used in the process can be selected from the following group: subliminable drug, volatile drug, drug hydrolyzable in the presence of water, drug which develops whiskers, and hygroscopic or deliquescent drug. The process confers increased physicochemical stability to the pharmaceutical composition and the drug substance contained therein.

Abstract: Novel Quinoa saponin pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed. The compositions are useful for enhancing mucosal absorption of a drug administered therewith.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for growing the microflora Thraustochytrium, Schizochytrium, and mixtures thereof, which includes the growing of the microflora in fermentation medium containing non-chloride containing sodium salts, in particular sodium sulfate. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process produces microflora having a cell aggregate size useful for the production of food products for use in aquaculture. Further disclosed is a food product which includes Thraustochytrium, Schizochytrium, and mixtures thereof, and a component selected from flaxseed, rapeseed, soybean and avocado meal. Such a food product includes a balance of long chain and short chain omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: A metabolite, e.g., ethanol, is continuously produced from low cost carbohydrate substrates by a process which comprises pulverizing the carbohydrate substrate; liquefying and saccharifying the pulverized substrate; continuously fermenting the lique-saccharified substrate in a fermentor equipped with a moving filter, in the presence of flocculent biological cells maintained at a concentration ranging from 90 to 160 g/l by using the moving filter and a culture medium to produce a fermentation product mixture; and recovering the desired metabolite from the fermentation product mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a controlled-release insect repellent device and a method for repelling insects from food, tobacco, or other consumable items. The controlled-release insect repellent device comprises an insect repellent composition contacting a substrate. The controlled-release insect repellent device is prepared by a method comprising applying the insect repellent composition to the substrate wherein the repellent compound used is present in the controlled-release insect repellent device in an amount such that when it is released it is non-toxic to humans and animals. The method for repelling insects comprises placing the controlled-release insect repellent device in an area where insects may be present. The insect repellent composition comprises a repellent compound and a controlled-release agent, the controlled-release agent which comprises a compound which may be synthetic and/or natural, and, optionally, a solvent.

Abstract: A novel method for preventing, stabilizing or causing regression of vascular leak syndrome is disclosed. The method comprises administering to a patient in need thereof a compound selected from the group consisting of a corticosteroid, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, 15-deoxyspergualin and related compounds, and phospholipase A.sub.2 inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to feed compositions including purslane leaves harvested at bloom. The present invention is further drawn to methods of reducing serum cholesterol and triglycerides with the present feed compositions of purslane leaves, as well as methods of preventing and treating coronary heart disease with the feed compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coloring agent and process for preparing yeast cell ghosts having a light color and less flavor. The yeast cell ghosts are to be contained as a component of the coloring agent. Further, the yeast cell ghosts contain a proportion of intact yeast cell walls and one color source. The color source is selected based upon the desired color in the coloring agent and in any product in which the coloring agent is used, such as a pigment or dye. Also uses for the coloring agent are disclosed, such as their use in foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The coloring agents must be acceptable for food and pharmaceutical use. The steps for making the yeast cell ghosts are sequential and involve extracting yeast debris having a solids content not exceeding 20% by weight. An acid is used to perform the extraction and further treatment of the extracted debris with an alkali to obtain whole cells and cells having disrupted cell walls.

Abstract: A process for preparation of a fat fraction of vegetable origin enriched with unsaponifiable materials. A fat of vegetable origin is treated with a hot polar solvent of the ketone type to obtain a first fraction insoluble in the hot ketone solvent which is rich in unsaponifiable materials, and a second fraction which is a solution of hot soluble materials. The first fraction is then separated from the second fraction, and the second fraction is subjected to a crystallization in a crystallization solvent at a temperature below 0.degree. C., followed by filtering to obtain a filtrate. The crystallization solvent is then evaporated from the filtrate to obtain a further fraction rich and unsaponifiable materials.

Abstract: An isolated pure culture of a strain of Phaffia rhodozyma which produces astaxanthin in an mount of at least 600 .mu.g per g Phaffia rhodozyma dry matter, as determined by HPLC analysis.

Abstract: A clove oil formulation which inhibits soil-borne fungal diseases is disclosed. The formulation includes about 70-90% by weight rectified clove oil, and about 2-30% by weight surfactant. The surfactant includes about 15-95% by weight nonionic compounds such as ethoxylated monoglycerides, ethoxylated diglycerides, ethoxylated alcohols, silicone glycol copolymers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethylene oxide block copolymers, and propylene oxide block copolymers. The surfactant further includes about 5-85% by weight anionic compounds such as amine alkylaryl sulfonate, calcium alkylaryl sulfonate and phosphate esters. The formulation may also include up to about 30% by weight of a solvent such as alcohol, esters, glycol ethers, mineral oil, methyl esters and hydrocarbon solvents.

Abstract: Isolated porcine pancreatic cells, isolated populations of such cells and methods for isolating and using the cells to treat subjects with diseases characterized by insufficient insulin activity are described. The porcine pancreatic cells are preferably non-insulin-secreting porcine pancreatic cell having the ability to differentiate into an insulin-secreting cell upon introduction into a xenogeneic subject, such as a human subject. Such cells include embryonic porcine pancreatic cells obtained from embryonic pigs between about day 31 and day 35 of gestation. The porcine pancreatic cells can be modified to be suitable for transplantation into a xenogeneic subject, for example, by altering an antigen (e.g., an MHC class I antigen) on the cell surface which is capable of stimulating an immune response against the cell in the subject (e.g., by contact with an anti-MHC class I antibody, or a fragment or derivative thereof).

Abstract: Disclosed are novel non-reducing saccharide-forming enzyme, and its preparation and uses. The enzyme is obtainable from the culture of microorganisms such as Rhizobium sp. M-11 (FERM BP 4130) and Arthrobacter sp. Q36 (FERM BP-4316), and capable of forming non-reducing saccharides having a trehalose structure when allowed to act on reducing partial starch hydrolysates. Glucoamylase and .alpha.-glucosidase readily yield trehalose when allowed to act on the non-reducing saccharides. These non-reducing saccharides and trehalose are extensively useful in food products, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Also disclosed is a method of crystallizing trehalose from a 65 to 90% aqueous solution in the absence of organic solvent.

Abstract: A method for treating urinary incontinence while avoiding concomitant liability of adverse effects associated with racemic oxybutynin is disclosed. The method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of (S)-oxybutynin, (S)-desethyloxybutynin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, substantially free of the corresponding R enantiomer. Pharmaceutical compositions in the form of tablets and transdermal devices comprising (S)-oxybutynin or (S)-desethyloxybutynin and an acceptable carrier are also disclosed, as is a synthesis of desethyloxybutynin.

Abstract: A method for lowering blood cholesterol levels which comprises administering to a human suffering from hypercholesterolemia an effective amount of a delta 5 hydrogenating enzyme over an extended period of time sufficient to effect a reduction of the blood cholesterol level of said human.